基于肺脾同调针刺治疗良性甲状腺结节新探

良性甲状腺结节是临床常见病、多发病,文章紧扣“气滞、痰湿、血瘀”之病机,另辟蹊径,确定针灸治则治法,运用膻中皮刺法开胸调肺气,毫针扎跳开髋祛脾邪,局部皮内针和揿针组合围刺结节以祛瘀,通过不同针具和针刺方法配合使用,上下配穴相结合,临床疗效满意,现阐述如下,与飨同道。

Responses of runoff to changes in climate and human activities in the Liuhe River Basin, China

Since the 1950s,numerous soil and water conservation measures have been implemented to control severe soil erosion in the Liuhe River Basin(LRB),China.While these measures have protected the upstream soil and water ecological environment,they have led to a sharp reduction in the downstream flow and the deterioration of the river ecological environment.Therefore,it is important to evaluate the impact of soil and water conservation measures on hydrological processes to assess long-term runoff changes.Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)models and sensitivity analyses based on the Budyko hypothesis,this study quantitatively evaluated the effects of climate change,direct water withdrawal,and soil and water conservation measures on runoff in the LRB during different periods,including different responses to runoff discharge,hydrological regime,and flood processes.The runoff series were divided into a baseline period(1956-1969)and two altered periods,i.e.,period 1(1970-1999)and period 2(2000-2020).Human activities were the main cause of the decrease in runoff during the altered periods,contributing 86.03%(-29.61 mm),while the contribution of climate change was only 13.70%(-4.70 mm).The impact of climate change manifests as a decrease in flood volume caused by a reduction in precipitation during the flood season.Analysis of two flood cases indicated a 66.00%-84.00%reduction in basin runoff capacity due to soil and water conservation measures in the upstream area.Soil and water conservation measures reduced the peak flow and total flood volume in the upstream runoff area by 77.98%and 55.16%,respectively,even with nearly double the precipitation.The runoff coefficient in the reservoir area without soil and water conservation measures was 4.0 times that in the conservation area.These results contribute to the re-evaluation of soil and water conservation hydrological effects and provide important guidance for water resource planning and water conservation policy formulation in the LRB.

参芪调肾方通过OPG/RANKL/NF-κB/MMP-9通路抑制慢阻肺炎症介导的骨吸收

目的:研究参芪调肾方对香烟烟雾(CS)暴露法建立的慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)模型小鼠的炎症抑制、肺组织病理及骨组织内破骨细胞介导的骨吸收的改善作用机制。方法:将40只小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、参芪调肾方8.53、17.06、34.11 g/kg组,每组8只,除正常对照组外,其余4组采用CS暴露法造模24 w,第12 w-24 w各组灌胃给予相应药物或生理盐水,连续12 w;ELISA法检测肺组织、外周血、骨组织内炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量;HE染色观察肺组织病理学改变;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色观察骨组织内破骨细胞;免疫组化法观察骨组织内骨保护素(OPG)、核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)、核因子κB p65(NF-κB p65)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)蛋白在小鼠胫骨组织中的定位表达;Western blot法检测肺组织NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65、MMP-9及胫骨OPG、RANKL、NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65、MMP-9、组织蛋白酶K(CTSK)蛋白表达。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型对照组肺组织损伤明显,管腔内、管壁及周围见大量炎症细胞聚集;肺组织、外周血及骨组织内炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量显著升高(P<0.01);骨组织内破骨细胞数量、RANKL、NF-κB p65、MMP-9、CTSK、TRAP蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),OPG蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01);与模型对照组比较,参芪调肾方各剂量组可不同程度改善小鼠支气管壁增厚、肺气肿形成等病理改变,减轻炎性细胞浸润,参芪调肾方34.11 g/kg组可显著下调肺组织内NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65、MMP-9蛋白表达(P<0.01)、降低炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量(P<0.01);明显降低骨组织内破骨细胞数量以及下调RANKL、NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65、MMP-9、CTSK、TRAP蛋白表达(P<0.05或P<0.01),显著升高OPG蛋白阳性表达(P<0.01)。结论:参芪调肾方对COPD模型小鼠合并骨质疏松(OP)有一定防治作用,可能是通过调控OPG/RANKL/NF-κB/MMP-9信号通路,改善COPD模型小鼠肺组织病理,降低肺、外周血、骨组织炎症反应,抑制破骨细胞过度活化。

低表达SLC1A4在卵巢癌顺铂耐药中的作用研究

目的探讨溶质载体家族1成员4(solute carrier family 1 member 4,SLC1A4)在卵巢癌铂类化疗耐药性中的作用。方法通过GEO、TCGA数据库分析工具分析SLC1A4在卵巢癌或铂类耐药性卵巢癌中的表达;通过GEO数据库分析SLC1A4在铂类药物处理的卵巢癌细胞系中的表达;通过Kaplan Meier-plotter分析SLC1A4表达量与卵巢癌患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)、无疾病进展生存率(progression free survival,PFS)的相关性;通过DepMap平台分析SLC1A4基因效应与卵巢癌化疗药物敏感相关性;通过流式细胞试验和肿瘤细胞克隆集落形成试验验证低表达SLC1A4介导卵巢癌细胞顺铂耐药;通过TargetScan预测靶向于SLC1A4的微小RNA(miRNA),并在TCGA数据库卵巢癌样本中验证其相关性;运用COREMINE工具进行文本挖掘分析SLC1A4介导卵巢癌化疗耐药性的生物过程。结果SLC1A4在卵巢癌患者及铂类耐药性的卵巢癌中的显著降低(P<0.05),而且与患者的OS、PFS显著相关(P<0.05);铂类药物处理卵巢癌细胞增加SLC1A4的表达;SLC1A4对卵巢癌的基因效应与铂类药物敏感性正相关;过表达SLC1A4增加顺铂引起的卵巢癌细胞凋亡和减少肿瘤细胞克隆集落形成;hsa-let-7c-5p靶向于SLC1A4并在耐药性卵巢癌患者样本中呈显著负相关。结论低表达SLC1A4介导卵巢癌铂类耐药性,并且有可能与hsa-let-7c-5p调控有关。