目的 基于AGREEⅡ对中性粒细胞缺乏患儿抗感染指南进行质量评价,并提取相关推荐意见。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of science、WanFang Data、CNKI、VIP、National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)、Guide...目的 基于AGREEⅡ对中性粒细胞缺乏患儿抗感染指南进行质量评价,并提取相关推荐意见。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of science、WanFang Data、CNKI、VIP、National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)、Guideline International Network(GIN)等相关网站,搜集中性粒细胞缺乏患儿抗感染指南(或专家共识),检索时限均为2005年1月1日至2022年12月31日。由2名研究员使用AGREEⅡ工具对纳入的指南或专家共识进行方法学质量评价。结果 共纳入7部指南(英文7部)。推荐级别为:A级2部,B级5部;AGREEⅡ6个领域的平均得分依次为:范围和目的(75.00%)、参与人员(57.14%)、制订的严谨性(63.24%)、表达的明晰性(88.85%)、应用性(55.60%)、编辑独立性(86.31%)。结论 纳入指南的质量较高,在制定的严谨性、应用性等领域得分较低。推荐意见汇总形成6个主题,共31条推荐意见,为国内中性粒细胞缺乏患儿的临床治疗提供参考,对制定适合粒细胞缺乏患儿的抗感染指南有着重要的意义和参考价值。展开更多
Understanding the impact of rock bareness on the transpiration in karst plants is essential to karst rocky desertification control and sustainable management of plantation in karst area.This study focused on the varia...Understanding the impact of rock bareness on the transpiration in karst plants is essential to karst rocky desertification control and sustainable management of plantation in karst area.This study focused on the variations in sap flow of Zenia insignis caused by different rock bareness rate,and the impact of climate factors,soil water content(SWC)and leaf area index(LAI) on transpiration in karst plants,by continuously measuring sap flux densities (Fcd)of 12 sample trees using thermal dissipation probes and monitoring micrometeorology and SwC on a typical karst hill in north Guangdong of China during the year of 2016.Results show that:(1)the maximum hourly sap flux density occurred at11:00-14:00 and the peak daily sap flux density occurred in September.(2)Sap flow density of Zenia insignis increased with rock bareness rate at all hourly,daily and monthly scales,with the sequence of extremely severe>severe>moderate>mild rock bareness.(3)The transpiration of Zenia insi.gnis is controlled by different factors at different temporalscales.At hourly scale,transpiration was highly(n=144,R^2>0.72)correlated to Solar radiation(Rs),Air temperature(Ta),relative humidity(RH),and water vapor pressure deficit(VPD).At daily scale,transpiration was greatly(n=366,R2>0.31)affected by Solar radiation(Rs),Air temperature(Ta),and water vapor pressure deficit (VPD).While at monthly scale,transpiration was mainly(n=12,R^2=0.85)controlled by LAI.Our study proved that Zenia insi.gnis has a good physiecological adaption to fragile karst environment,and Zenia insignis plantation has long-term sustainability even in extremely rocky landscapes.The results may provide scientific basis for plantation management and ecological restoration in karst area.展开更多
Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene（o-NCB）, at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline（o-CAN） first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline（AN...Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene（o-NCB）, at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline（o-CAN） first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline（AN） and Cl^- , without other intermediate reaction products. The aminated and dechlorinated reactions are believed to take place on the surface site of the Pd/Fe. The o-NCB removal efficiency and the next dechlorination rate increase with an increase of bulk loading of palladium and catalysts addition due to the increase of both the surface loading of palladium and the total surface area. These results indicate that reduction, amination and dechlorination of o- NCB by palladium-catalyzed Fe^0 particles, can be designed for remediation of contaminated groundwater.展开更多
Two isomers ofnitrochlorobenzene （o- andp-NCB） were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines ...Two isomers ofnitrochlorobenzene （o- andp-NCB） were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines （CAN） first through an amination process, and then rapidly dechlorinated to become aniline （AN） and CI^-, without the involvement of any other intermediate reaction products. The amination and dechlorination reaction are believed to take place predominantly on the surface site of the Pd/Fe catalysts. The dechlorination rate of the reductive degradation of the two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene （o-, and p-NCB） in the presence of Pd/Fe as a catalyst was measured experimentally. In all cases, the reaction rate constants were found to increase with the decrease in the Gibbs free energy （correlation with the activation energy） of NCBs formation; the activation energy of each dechlorination reaction was measured to be 95.83 and 77.05 kJ/mol, respectively for o- and p-NCB. The results demonstrated that p-NCBs were reduced more easily than o-NCBs.展开更多
A novel two-wafer concept for micro-electro-mechanically tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSELs)is presented.The VCSEL is composed by two wafers:one micro-electromechanical-system membrane wafer with f...A novel two-wafer concept for micro-electro-mechanically tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSELs)is presented.The VCSEL is composed by two wafers:one micro-electromechanical-system membrane wafer with four arms to adjust the cavity length through electrostatic actuation and a"half-VCSEL"wafer consisting of a fixed bottom mirror and an amplifying active region.The measurement results of the electricity pumped tunable VCSEL with more than 9mW output power at room temperature over the tuning range prove the feasibility of the proposition.展开更多
文摘目的 基于AGREEⅡ对中性粒细胞缺乏患儿抗感染指南进行质量评价,并提取相关推荐意见。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of science、WanFang Data、CNKI、VIP、National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)、Guideline International Network(GIN)等相关网站,搜集中性粒细胞缺乏患儿抗感染指南(或专家共识),检索时限均为2005年1月1日至2022年12月31日。由2名研究员使用AGREEⅡ工具对纳入的指南或专家共识进行方法学质量评价。结果 共纳入7部指南(英文7部)。推荐级别为:A级2部,B级5部;AGREEⅡ6个领域的平均得分依次为:范围和目的(75.00%)、参与人员(57.14%)、制订的严谨性(63.24%)、表达的明晰性(88.85%)、应用性(55.60%)、编辑独立性(86.31%)。结论 纳入指南的质量较高,在制定的严谨性、应用性等领域得分较低。推荐意见汇总形成6个主题,共31条推荐意见,为国内中性粒细胞缺乏患儿的临床治疗提供参考,对制定适合粒细胞缺乏患儿的抗感染指南有着重要的意义和参考价值。
基金supported by the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China entitled ‘‘Impact of rocky desertification on stand transpiration of Zenia insignis plantation and the mechanism’’ (No. 41401108)the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China entitled ‘‘The impact of development of soil cracks in collapsed walls on wall collapsing stability in granite red soil region of south China’’ (No. 41371041)
文摘Understanding the impact of rock bareness on the transpiration in karst plants is essential to karst rocky desertification control and sustainable management of plantation in karst area.This study focused on the variations in sap flow of Zenia insignis caused by different rock bareness rate,and the impact of climate factors,soil water content(SWC)and leaf area index(LAI) on transpiration in karst plants,by continuously measuring sap flux densities (Fcd)of 12 sample trees using thermal dissipation probes and monitoring micrometeorology and SwC on a typical karst hill in north Guangdong of China during the year of 2016.Results show that:(1)the maximum hourly sap flux density occurred at11:00-14:00 and the peak daily sap flux density occurred in September.(2)Sap flow density of Zenia insignis increased with rock bareness rate at all hourly,daily and monthly scales,with the sequence of extremely severe>severe>moderate>mild rock bareness.(3)The transpiration of Zenia insi.gnis is controlled by different factors at different temporalscales.At hourly scale,transpiration was highly(n=144,R^2>0.72)correlated to Solar radiation(Rs),Air temperature(Ta),relative humidity(RH),and water vapor pressure deficit(VPD).At daily scale,transpiration was greatly(n=366,R2>0.31)affected by Solar radiation(Rs),Air temperature(Ta),and water vapor pressure deficit (VPD).While at monthly scale,transpiration was mainly(n=12,R^2=0.85)controlled by LAI.Our study proved that Zenia insi.gnis has a good physiecological adaption to fragile karst environment,and Zenia insignis plantation has long-term sustainability even in extremely rocky landscapes.The results may provide scientific basis for plantation management and ecological restoration in karst area.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China( No. 20407015) and the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province of China( No.2004C34006)
文摘Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene（o-NCB）, at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline（o-CAN） first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline（AN） and Cl^- , without other intermediate reaction products. The aminated and dechlorinated reactions are believed to take place on the surface site of the Pd/Fe. The o-NCB removal efficiency and the next dechlorination rate increase with an increase of bulk loading of palladium and catalysts addition due to the increase of both the surface loading of palladium and the total surface area. These results indicate that reduction, amination and dechlorination of o- NCB by palladium-catalyzed Fe^0 particles, can be designed for remediation of contaminated groundwater.
基金Project (No. 20407015) supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China
文摘Two isomers ofnitrochlorobenzene （o- andp-NCB） were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines （CAN） first through an amination process, and then rapidly dechlorinated to become aniline （AN） and CI^-, without the involvement of any other intermediate reaction products. The amination and dechlorination reaction are believed to take place predominantly on the surface site of the Pd/Fe catalysts. The dechlorination rate of the reductive degradation of the two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene （o-, and p-NCB） in the presence of Pd/Fe as a catalyst was measured experimentally. In all cases, the reaction rate constants were found to increase with the decrease in the Gibbs free energy （correlation with the activation energy） of NCBs formation; the activation energy of each dechlorination reaction was measured to be 95.83 and 77.05 kJ/mol, respectively for o- and p-NCB. The results demonstrated that p-NCBs were reduced more easily than o-NCBs.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2006CB604902the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60908012+2 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 39002013200801the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61076048the Board of Education Research Project under Grant No KM2010005030.
文摘A novel two-wafer concept for micro-electro-mechanically tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSELs)is presented.The VCSEL is composed by two wafers:one micro-electromechanical-system membrane wafer with four arms to adjust the cavity length through electrostatic actuation and a"half-VCSEL"wafer consisting of a fixed bottom mirror and an amplifying active region.The measurement results of the electricity pumped tunable VCSEL with more than 9mW output power at room temperature over the tuning range prove the feasibility of the proposition.
