Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Cross-sectional Study in Northern China

Objective Increased carotid artery intima-media thickness(CIMT)and carotid plaque as manifestations of carotid atherosclerosis have been used as markers of cardiovascular disease(CVD).The components of metabolic syndrome(Met S)are linked to CVD,but the association between Met S and CVD is controversial.Methods A total of 8,933 Chinese adults aged 40 years or older from 2010 to 2014 were selected from the Jidong and Kailuan communities.Met S was defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria.CIMT and carotid plaque were measured using color Doppler ultrasound.Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of Met S with carotid plaque and CIMT.Results Met S was found among 3,461(3,461/8,933)participants.The odds ratio and 95%confidence internal(CI)for carotid plaques in participants with Met S was 1.16(1.03-1.30).The risk of carotid plaques increased with the number of Met S components.The average CIMT was higher in participants with Met S(β=0.020,95%CI,0.014-0.027)and in participants with more Met S components.Conclusion Individuals with Met S are at an increased risk for carotid atherosclerosis compared to those without MetS.

滁州市幼儿屈光不正相关因素的分析

目的分析滁州市幼儿屈光不正的相关因素,为针对性地制定幼儿屈光不正防控策略提供理论依据。方法2017年7-8月,屈光筛查和问卷调查滁州市462名1~3岁儿童,采用Logistic回归分析家庭环境、围生期情况、婴儿期情况、幼儿日常生活情况等因素对幼儿屈光不正的影响。结果共筛选出343名屈光正常与119名屈光不正幼儿。与屈光正常幼儿相比,屈光不正组幼儿母亲大专及以上文化程度(64.7%vs 52.8%)、只有父亲散光(3.2%vs 7.6%)、只有母亲散光(4.4%vs10.1%)、幼儿早产(8.4%vs 1.7%)、幼儿被动吸烟(38.7%vs 25.1%)、晚上开灯睡觉(21.0%vs 11.4%)、经常哭闹(24.4%vs 15.2%)、喜欢看亮的灯(59.7%vs 48.1%)、看电视时眼睛与电视不在同一水平(46.5%vs 31.3%)的比例较高,而母亲孕期经常吃鱼(71.4%vs 81.6%)、新生儿出生后吸氧(2.5%vs 7.9%)、幼儿常吃胡萝卜(89.9%vs 95.6%)、绿色蔬菜(95.8%vs 99.4%)、硬质食物(87.4%vs 95.9%),以及家里采光较好(76.5%vs 87.5%)、每天户外活动不少于0.5 h(92.4%vs97.4%)比例较低。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,幼儿户外活动时间不少于0.5 h(OR=0.277,95%CI=0.100~0.770)是屈光不正的保护因素,而幼儿母亲学历大专及以上(OR=1.314,95%CI=1.029~1.679)、只有父亲散光(OR=3.616,95%CI=1.317~9.924)、只有母亲散光(OR=3.185,95%CI=1.366~7.424)、父母均散光(OR=6.856,95%CI=1.104~42.570)、幼儿早产(OR=8.863,95%CI=2.700~29.096)、看电视时眼与电视不在同一水平(OR=1.976,95%CI=1.172~3.330)、喜欢看亮的灯(OR=1.619,95%CI=1.009~2.598)是屈光不正的危险因素。结论滁州市幼儿屈光不正主要受母亲学历、父母亲视力、出生情况、用眼习惯和户外活动的影响。