目的:分析近两年中国医学科学院阜外医院确诊为原发性醛固酮增多症(PA)的高血压患者的临床特征。方法:回顾性收集2016-01至2017-12期间中国医学科学院阜外医院高血压病房收治的4 782例高血压患者资料,将其中的PA患者与原发性高血压(PH)...目的:分析近两年中国医学科学院阜外医院确诊为原发性醛固酮增多症(PA)的高血压患者的临床特征。方法:回顾性收集2016-01至2017-12期间中国医学科学院阜外医院高血压病房收治的4 782例高血压患者资料,将其中的PA患者与原发性高血压(PH)患者根据年龄、性别1:2匹配后比较其临床特征,并比较血钾正常和低钾血症(<3.5 mmol/L)PA患者的临床特征。结果:247例(5.2%)患者确诊为PA,其中位年龄48.8(16.6)岁,男性148例(59.9%),143例(57.9%)有低钾血症。与PH患者相比,PA患者收缩压较高[150(24)mm Hg vs 145(27)mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa],左心室质量指数(LVMI)较高[83.4(36.6)g/m^2 vs 75.7(26.2)g/m^2],尿微量白蛋白/肌酐较高[24.1(41.1)mg/g vs 10.5(22.1)mg/g],合并冠心病(12.6%vs 7.7%)和外周动脉疾病(11.7%vs 4.7%)者比例较高,但低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[2.6(1.0)mmol/L vs 2.9(1.1)mmol/L]、总胆固醇[4.4(1.2)mmol/L vs 4.6(1.3)mmol/L]和糖化血红蛋白水平[5.4(0.6)%vs 5.6(0.6)%]较低,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与血钾正常的PA患者相比,低钾血症PA患者年龄较小[45.9(16.8)岁vs51.3(14.3)岁],但舒张压[95(26)mm Hg vs 90(20)mm Hg]、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐[28.5(40.6)mg/g vs 20.5(32.8)mg/g]和LVMI [86.5(34.8)g/m2 vs 77.9(31.8)g/m^2]较高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论:与PH患者相比,PA患者靶器官损害重,合并心血管病比例高。有低钾血症的PA患者年龄较小,但舒张压较高且靶器官损害较重。展开更多
Background A few recent studies have reported that inflammation is associated with the prognosis of acute aortic dissection （AD）. There is, however, no systemic investigation regarding the role of plasma C-reactive ...Background A few recent studies have reported that inflammation is associated with the prognosis of acute aortic dissection （AD）. There is, however, no systemic investigation regarding the role of plasma C-reactive protein （CRP） and white blood cell （WBC） levels in predicting in-hospital clinical events of acute type AAD. Methods The levels of high-sensitivity CRP and WBC counts were systemically determined after admission in 36 patients with acute type A AD. The variations of plasma CRP and WBC levels in different time windows （admission, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 days） in patients with acute type AAD were analyzed between patients with events and without events. Results During hospitalization, five patients died, and increased levels of CRP and WBC were found in patients died with acute type A AD compared with patients survived （P 〈0.01, respectively）. Medical treatment may significantly decrease inflammatory response in survived patients with acute type A AD. Additionally, patients with complication of pleural effusion showed higher CRP and WBC levers （P=0.046, P=-0.018, respectively）. Lower WBC levels were found in survived patients treated medically （P=-0.001）. Moreover, mean CRP and WBC levels had positive correlations with aortic diameter （r=0.364, P--0.000; r=0.333, P=0.000, respectively） and age （r=0.270, P=0.000, respectively）, while negative correlations with the time from onset of symptoms to hospital admission （r= -0.229, P=0.000, r= -0.200, P=0.002, respectively）. Univariate analysis showed that age 〉65 years, CRP zl 2.05 rag/L, WBC 〉12.16×10^9/L, aortic diameter 〉48 mm, pleural effusion and diastolic blood pressure 〉105 mmHg were associated with hospital mortality. While CRP 〉12.05 mg/L, WBC ≥12.16×10^9/L, aortic diameter 〉48 mm were strongly associated with hospital mortality in multiple Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The results suggested that CRP and WBC were preferred markers for predicting the clinical events in patients with acute type A AD, especially death during hospitalization. Therefore, further study enrolling larger cohort, prospective study would be warranted.展开更多
Background The association between fish consumption and heart failure （HF） incidence is inconsistent. Methods We performed a systematic search of Pubmed and Embase （from 1953 to June 2012） using key words related ...Background The association between fish consumption and heart failure （HF） incidence is inconsistent. Methods We performed a systematic search of Pubmed and Embase （from 1953 to June 2012） using key words related to fish and HF. Studies with at least three categories of fish consumption reporting both relative risk （RR） and corresponding 95% confidence interval （CI） for HF incidence were included. The pooled RR and 95%C/were calculated using a fixed or random-effects model. The generalized least squares regression model was used to quantify the dose-response relationship between fish consumption and HF incidence. Results Five prospective cohort studies including 4750 HF events of 170 231 participants with an average of 9.7-year follow-up were selected and identified. Compared with those who never ate fish, individuals with higher fish consumption had a lower HF incidence. The pooled RRs for HF incidence was 0.99 （95%CI, 0.91 to 1.08） for fish consumption 1 to 3 times per month, 0.91 （95%CI, 0.84 to 0,99） for once a week, 0.87 （95%CI, 0.81 to 0.95） for 2 to 4 times per week, and 0.86 （95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99） for 5 or more times per week. An increment of 20 g of daily fish intake was related to a 6% lower risk of HF （RR： 0.94, 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.97; P for trend = 0.001）. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that there is a dose-dependent inverse relationship between fish consumption and HF incidence. Fish intake once or more times a week could reduce HF incidence.展开更多
Marfan syndrome is a systemic disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations in the FBN1, TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 genes. This syndrome is characterized by involvement of three major systems, skeletal, ocular, and cardiov...Marfan syndrome is a systemic disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations in the FBN1, TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 genes. This syndrome is characterized by involvement of three major systems, skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular. The continuing improvements in molecular biology and increasing availability of molecular diagnosis in clinical practice allow recognition of Marfan syndrome in patients with incomplete phenotypes. Additionally, molecular analyses could also be used for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The identification of a mutation allows for early diagnosis, prognosis, genetic counseling, preventive management of carriers and reassurance for unaffected relatives. The importance of knowing in advance the location of the putative family mutation is highlighted by its straightforward application to prenatal and postnatal screening.展开更多
Background Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene have been identified in patients with Marfan syndrome （MFS）. This study aimed to identify the molecular defects in the fibrillin-1 gene in a Chinese family with Marfan sy...Background Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene have been identified in patients with Marfan syndrome （MFS）. This study aimed to identify the molecular defects in the fibrillin-1 gene in a Chinese family with Marfan syndrome, accompanied by aortic aneu rysms/dissection. Methods Two patients and one non-carrier in the family underwent complete physical, ophthalmic, and cardiovascular examinations. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes of venous blood of these individuals in the family as well as 50 healthy normal controls. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct sequencing of all 65 coding exons of fibrillin-1 gene were analyzed. Results We found a novel mutation （c.8547T〉G, p.Tyr2849X） in exon 65 of fibrillin-1 gene in a Chinese proband with Marfan syndrome, accompanied by aortic aneurysms/dissection. Sudden death at a young age of affected members was seen due to aortic aneurysms/dissection. By evaluating genotype-phenotype correlations of patients with mutations in the 3＇ end of fibrillin-1 gene （exons 64 and 65）, we also found that the presence of nonsense mutations occurring in exons 64 and 65 appeared to be an indicator of early-onset aortic risk and sudden death. Conclusions These results expand the mutation spectrum of fibrillin-1 gene and help in the study of the molecular pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, indicating that mutations occurring in the 3＇ end of fibrillin-1 gene may play an independent functional role in the pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome.展开更多
文摘目的:分析近两年中国医学科学院阜外医院确诊为原发性醛固酮增多症(PA)的高血压患者的临床特征。方法:回顾性收集2016-01至2017-12期间中国医学科学院阜外医院高血压病房收治的4 782例高血压患者资料,将其中的PA患者与原发性高血压(PH)患者根据年龄、性别1:2匹配后比较其临床特征,并比较血钾正常和低钾血症(<3.5 mmol/L)PA患者的临床特征。结果:247例(5.2%)患者确诊为PA,其中位年龄48.8(16.6)岁,男性148例(59.9%),143例(57.9%)有低钾血症。与PH患者相比,PA患者收缩压较高[150(24)mm Hg vs 145(27)mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa],左心室质量指数(LVMI)较高[83.4(36.6)g/m^2 vs 75.7(26.2)g/m^2],尿微量白蛋白/肌酐较高[24.1(41.1)mg/g vs 10.5(22.1)mg/g],合并冠心病(12.6%vs 7.7%)和外周动脉疾病(11.7%vs 4.7%)者比例较高,但低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[2.6(1.0)mmol/L vs 2.9(1.1)mmol/L]、总胆固醇[4.4(1.2)mmol/L vs 4.6(1.3)mmol/L]和糖化血红蛋白水平[5.4(0.6)%vs 5.6(0.6)%]较低,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与血钾正常的PA患者相比,低钾血症PA患者年龄较小[45.9(16.8)岁vs51.3(14.3)岁],但舒张压[95(26)mm Hg vs 90(20)mm Hg]、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐[28.5(40.6)mg/g vs 20.5(32.8)mg/g]和LVMI [86.5(34.8)g/m2 vs 77.9(31.8)g/m^2]较高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论:与PH患者相比,PA患者靶器官损害重,合并心血管病比例高。有低钾血症的PA患者年龄较小,但舒张压较高且靶器官损害较重。
文摘针对海洋资源的开发与勘探难度的日益加大,对开发与勘探设备的要求逐渐提高,设计了一种重版型的基于水面无人艇(USV,Unmanned Surface Vessel)辅助型的缆式水下机器人(ROV,Remotely Operated Vehicle),搭载10台无刷直流电机(BLDCM,Brushless Direct Current Motor)用来加大ROV工作效率,为了稳定精确的控制ROV运行,首先对水下机器人的系统进行了总体设计,其次对ROV的推进器与推进器分布进行了设计,最后对ROV的电机控制系统进行设计并从仿真和实验两方面验证可靠性。
文摘Background A few recent studies have reported that inflammation is associated with the prognosis of acute aortic dissection （AD）. There is, however, no systemic investigation regarding the role of plasma C-reactive protein （CRP） and white blood cell （WBC） levels in predicting in-hospital clinical events of acute type AAD. Methods The levels of high-sensitivity CRP and WBC counts were systemically determined after admission in 36 patients with acute type A AD. The variations of plasma CRP and WBC levels in different time windows （admission, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 days） in patients with acute type AAD were analyzed between patients with events and without events. Results During hospitalization, five patients died, and increased levels of CRP and WBC were found in patients died with acute type A AD compared with patients survived （P 〈0.01, respectively）. Medical treatment may significantly decrease inflammatory response in survived patients with acute type A AD. Additionally, patients with complication of pleural effusion showed higher CRP and WBC levers （P=0.046, P=-0.018, respectively）. Lower WBC levels were found in survived patients treated medically （P=-0.001）. Moreover, mean CRP and WBC levels had positive correlations with aortic diameter （r=0.364, P--0.000; r=0.333, P=0.000, respectively） and age （r=0.270, P=0.000, respectively）, while negative correlations with the time from onset of symptoms to hospital admission （r= -0.229, P=0.000, r= -0.200, P=0.002, respectively）. Univariate analysis showed that age 〉65 years, CRP zl 2.05 rag/L, WBC 〉12.16×10^9/L, aortic diameter 〉48 mm, pleural effusion and diastolic blood pressure 〉105 mmHg were associated with hospital mortality. While CRP 〉12.05 mg/L, WBC ≥12.16×10^9/L, aortic diameter 〉48 mm were strongly associated with hospital mortality in multiple Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The results suggested that CRP and WBC were preferred markers for predicting the clinical events in patients with acute type A AD, especially death during hospitalization. Therefore, further study enrolling larger cohort, prospective study would be warranted.
文摘Background The association between fish consumption and heart failure （HF） incidence is inconsistent. Methods We performed a systematic search of Pubmed and Embase （from 1953 to June 2012） using key words related to fish and HF. Studies with at least three categories of fish consumption reporting both relative risk （RR） and corresponding 95% confidence interval （CI） for HF incidence were included. The pooled RR and 95%C/were calculated using a fixed or random-effects model. The generalized least squares regression model was used to quantify the dose-response relationship between fish consumption and HF incidence. Results Five prospective cohort studies including 4750 HF events of 170 231 participants with an average of 9.7-year follow-up were selected and identified. Compared with those who never ate fish, individuals with higher fish consumption had a lower HF incidence. The pooled RRs for HF incidence was 0.99 （95%CI, 0.91 to 1.08） for fish consumption 1 to 3 times per month, 0.91 （95%CI, 0.84 to 0,99） for once a week, 0.87 （95%CI, 0.81 to 0.95） for 2 to 4 times per week, and 0.86 （95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99） for 5 or more times per week. An increment of 20 g of daily fish intake was related to a 6% lower risk of HF （RR： 0.94, 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.97; P for trend = 0.001）. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that there is a dose-dependent inverse relationship between fish consumption and HF incidence. Fish intake once or more times a week could reduce HF incidence.
文摘Marfan syndrome is a systemic disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations in the FBN1, TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 genes. This syndrome is characterized by involvement of three major systems, skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular. The continuing improvements in molecular biology and increasing availability of molecular diagnosis in clinical practice allow recognition of Marfan syndrome in patients with incomplete phenotypes. Additionally, molecular analyses could also be used for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The identification of a mutation allows for early diagnosis, prognosis, genetic counseling, preventive management of carriers and reassurance for unaffected relatives. The importance of knowing in advance the location of the putative family mutation is highlighted by its straightforward application to prenatal and postnatal screening.
文摘Background Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene have been identified in patients with Marfan syndrome （MFS）. This study aimed to identify the molecular defects in the fibrillin-1 gene in a Chinese family with Marfan syndrome, accompanied by aortic aneu rysms/dissection. Methods Two patients and one non-carrier in the family underwent complete physical, ophthalmic, and cardiovascular examinations. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes of venous blood of these individuals in the family as well as 50 healthy normal controls. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct sequencing of all 65 coding exons of fibrillin-1 gene were analyzed. Results We found a novel mutation （c.8547T〉G, p.Tyr2849X） in exon 65 of fibrillin-1 gene in a Chinese proband with Marfan syndrome, accompanied by aortic aneurysms/dissection. Sudden death at a young age of affected members was seen due to aortic aneurysms/dissection. By evaluating genotype-phenotype correlations of patients with mutations in the 3＇ end of fibrillin-1 gene （exons 64 and 65）, we also found that the presence of nonsense mutations occurring in exons 64 and 65 appeared to be an indicator of early-onset aortic risk and sudden death. Conclusions These results expand the mutation spectrum of fibrillin-1 gene and help in the study of the molecular pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, indicating that mutations occurring in the 3＇ end of fibrillin-1 gene may play an independent functional role in the pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome.
