藓结皮是荒漠生物土壤结皮的重要类型,在荒漠生态系统碳固定与碳排放过程中具有重要作用。研究长期氮添加对藓结皮光合生理活性和土壤有机碳(SOC)组分的影响,有助于理解藓结皮光合生理活性特征与荒漠生态系统土壤碳固存之间的关系及其...藓结皮是荒漠生物土壤结皮的重要类型,在荒漠生态系统碳固定与碳排放过程中具有重要作用。研究长期氮添加对藓结皮光合生理活性和土壤有机碳(SOC)组分的影响,有助于理解藓结皮光合生理活性特征与荒漠生态系统土壤碳固存之间的关系及其调控因子。为此,研究依托古尔班通古特沙漠野外长期(13a)氮添加实验,以齿肋赤藓形成的藓结皮为研究对象,选取0(N0)、1.0(N1)、3.0 g N m-2a-1(N3)三种氮处理,阐明长期氮添加对藓结皮光合生理活性和SOC组分的影响。结果表明:(1)相比对照,长期氮添加对结皮层颗粒有机碳(POC)与矿物结合态有机碳(MAOC)含量无显著影响,但显著减少了0—5 cm土层POC和MAOC含量的积累;(2)N1处理显著提高了叶绿素和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量,而N3处理叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素及NSC的含量分别显著降低了50.94%、42.49%、46.71%和50.85%;(3)可溶性糖的含量在N1处理下显著增加,N3处理则显著抑制了其积累,脯氨酸的含量随氮浓度呈显著下降的趋势,长期氮添加对可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响;(4)相关性分析表明,长期氮添加、光合生理活性与POC和MAOC含量无显著相关性,酸碱度、微生物量碳氮、电导率、硝态氮和铵态氮皆显著影响POC和MAOC的含量积累。研究揭示了长期氮添加对藓结皮的光合生理活性和SOC组分的影响,且光合生理活性的响应无法有效反映SOC组分变化,为理解荒漠生态系统中氮沉降对生物土壤结皮的影响提供数据支持。展开更多
The drylands of China cover approximately 6.6×106 km2 and are home to approximately 5.8×10^(8)people,providing important ecosystem services for human survival and development.However,dryland ecosystems are e...The drylands of China cover approximately 6.6×106 km2 and are home to approximately 5.8×10^(8)people,providing important ecosystem services for human survival and development.However,dryland ecosystems are extremely fragile and sensitive to external environmental changes.Land use and land cover(LULC)changes significantly impact soil structure and function,thus affecting the soil multifunctionality(SMF).However,the effect of LULC changes on the SMF in the drylands of China has rarely been reported.In this study,we investigated the characteristics of the SMF changes based on soil data in the 1980s from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center.We explored the drivers of the SMF changes under different LULC types(including forest,grassland,shrubland,and desert)and used structural equation modeling to explore the main driver of the SMF changes.The results showed that the SMF under the four LULC types decreased in the following descending order:forest,grassland,shrubland,and desert.The main driver of the SMF changes under different LULC types was mean annual temperature(MAT).In addition to MAT,pH in forest,soil moisture(SM)and soil biodiversity index in grassland,SM in shrubland,and aridity index in desert are crucial factors for the SMF changes.Therefore,the SMF in the drylands of China is regulated mainly by MAT and pH,and comprehensive assessments of the SMF in drylands need to be performed regarding LULC changes.The results are beneficial for evaluating the SMF among different LULC types and predicting the SMF under global climate change.展开更多
目前医学影像技师规范化培训尚未普及,实习期仍是影像技术专业学生正式独立上岗工作之前最后一次将理论知识与实践技能系统性结合学习的时期,因此,该阶段的实践教学对于学生日后的工作能力培养至关重要。随着时代发展对医学影像技师专...目前医学影像技师规范化培训尚未普及,实习期仍是影像技术专业学生正式独立上岗工作之前最后一次将理论知识与实践技能系统性结合学习的时期,因此,该阶段的实践教学对于学生日后的工作能力培养至关重要。随着时代发展对医学影像技师专业素质要求的提高,在医学影像技术专业实习生的实践教学中,除了常规要求掌握的扫描技术,如颅脑、脊柱、腹部及四肢关节的磁共振扫描以外,还应当在此基础上增强实习期教学中对于心脏磁共振扫描(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)这类复杂技术教学的重视程度,应根据CMR检查技术的自身特点及技术要点,发觉相应的教学重点和难点,且应采用合适的教学方法,以达到在有限的实习期内有效提高教学成效的目的。笔者认为对于相关理论知识和操作技巧并重的CMR检查,应当将以授课为基础的教学法(lecture-based learning,LBL)与以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)及围绕该主题的工作坊教学模式相结合,或可达到更好的教学效果。展开更多
文摘藓结皮是荒漠生物土壤结皮的重要类型,在荒漠生态系统碳固定与碳排放过程中具有重要作用。研究长期氮添加对藓结皮光合生理活性和土壤有机碳(SOC)组分的影响,有助于理解藓结皮光合生理活性特征与荒漠生态系统土壤碳固存之间的关系及其调控因子。为此,研究依托古尔班通古特沙漠野外长期(13a)氮添加实验,以齿肋赤藓形成的藓结皮为研究对象,选取0(N0)、1.0(N1)、3.0 g N m-2a-1(N3)三种氮处理,阐明长期氮添加对藓结皮光合生理活性和SOC组分的影响。结果表明:(1)相比对照,长期氮添加对结皮层颗粒有机碳(POC)与矿物结合态有机碳(MAOC)含量无显著影响,但显著减少了0—5 cm土层POC和MAOC含量的积累;(2)N1处理显著提高了叶绿素和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量,而N3处理叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素及NSC的含量分别显著降低了50.94%、42.49%、46.71%和50.85%;(3)可溶性糖的含量在N1处理下显著增加,N3处理则显著抑制了其积累,脯氨酸的含量随氮浓度呈显著下降的趋势,长期氮添加对可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响;(4)相关性分析表明,长期氮添加、光合生理活性与POC和MAOC含量无显著相关性,酸碱度、微生物量碳氮、电导率、硝态氮和铵态氮皆显著影响POC和MAOC的含量积累。研究揭示了长期氮添加对藓结皮的光合生理活性和SOC组分的影响,且光合生理活性的响应无法有效反映SOC组分变化,为理解荒漠生态系统中氮沉降对生物土壤结皮的影响提供数据支持。
基金supported by the Tianshan Talent Training Plan of Xinjiang,China(2022TSYCLJ0058,2022TSYCCX0001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2022D01D83,42377358).
文摘The drylands of China cover approximately 6.6×106 km2 and are home to approximately 5.8×10^(8)people,providing important ecosystem services for human survival and development.However,dryland ecosystems are extremely fragile and sensitive to external environmental changes.Land use and land cover(LULC)changes significantly impact soil structure and function,thus affecting the soil multifunctionality(SMF).However,the effect of LULC changes on the SMF in the drylands of China has rarely been reported.In this study,we investigated the characteristics of the SMF changes based on soil data in the 1980s from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center.We explored the drivers of the SMF changes under different LULC types(including forest,grassland,shrubland,and desert)and used structural equation modeling to explore the main driver of the SMF changes.The results showed that the SMF under the four LULC types decreased in the following descending order:forest,grassland,shrubland,and desert.The main driver of the SMF changes under different LULC types was mean annual temperature(MAT).In addition to MAT,pH in forest,soil moisture(SM)and soil biodiversity index in grassland,SM in shrubland,and aridity index in desert are crucial factors for the SMF changes.Therefore,the SMF in the drylands of China is regulated mainly by MAT and pH,and comprehensive assessments of the SMF in drylands need to be performed regarding LULC changes.The results are beneficial for evaluating the SMF among different LULC types and predicting the SMF under global climate change.
文摘目前医学影像技师规范化培训尚未普及,实习期仍是影像技术专业学生正式独立上岗工作之前最后一次将理论知识与实践技能系统性结合学习的时期,因此,该阶段的实践教学对于学生日后的工作能力培养至关重要。随着时代发展对医学影像技师专业素质要求的提高,在医学影像技术专业实习生的实践教学中,除了常规要求掌握的扫描技术,如颅脑、脊柱、腹部及四肢关节的磁共振扫描以外,还应当在此基础上增强实习期教学中对于心脏磁共振扫描(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)这类复杂技术教学的重视程度,应根据CMR检查技术的自身特点及技术要点,发觉相应的教学重点和难点,且应采用合适的教学方法,以达到在有限的实习期内有效提高教学成效的目的。笔者认为对于相关理论知识和操作技巧并重的CMR检查,应当将以授课为基础的教学法(lecture-based learning,LBL)与以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)及围绕该主题的工作坊教学模式相结合,或可达到更好的教学效果。
