基于双目立体视觉的工业机器人在线温度补偿

工业机器人在工业现场进行连续高速作业过程中,电机发热和关节摩擦生热将导致机械臂本体温度升高,引起机器人末端定位漂移,严重影响机器人的重复定位精度和作业精度。针对制造现场的工业机器人,提出了一种基于双目立体视觉的温度误差在线补偿方法,并基于微分运动学和双目视觉原理构建了温度误差补偿模型。在机器人末端安装基准球,同时在基座附近固定视觉测量传感器,机器人完成作业循环之后,以不同的姿态带动基准球至传感器视场内进行补偿测量。此外,通过分析各关节参数随时间变化的规律,筛选出符合温度漂移规律的显著性参数进行补偿,有效降低了补偿测量次数和耗时。实验结果显示,补偿后机器人的重复定位精度可维持在±0.1mm的水平,能够显著改善制造现场工业机器人的作业精度,且整个补偿测量过程耗时10s左右。

Calibration of line structured light vision system based on camera’s projective center

Based on the characteristics of line structured light sensor, a speedy method for the calibration was established. With the coplanar reference target, the spacial pose between camera and optical plane can be calibrated by using of the camera’s projective center and the light’s information in the camera’s image surface. Without striction to the movement of the coplanar reference target and assistant adjustment equipment, this calibration method can be implemented. This method has been used and decreased the cost of calibration equipment, simplified the calibration procedure, improved calibration efficiency. Using experiment, the sensor can attain relative accuracy about 0.5%, which indicates the rationality and effectivity of this method.