目的遴选并获取住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖管理的最佳证据,为医护人员、管理者、患者及家属临床实践提供参考。方法用PIPOST构建循证问题,系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI、RNAO等数据库关于住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖...目的遴选并获取住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖管理的最佳证据,为医护人员、管理者、患者及家属临床实践提供参考。方法用PIPOST构建循证问题,系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI、RNAO等数据库关于住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖管理的所有证据,由2名研究者对纳入文献的质量进行独立评价,证据提取、综合。结果纳入21篇文献,临床决策1篇、证据总结9篇、指南8篇、1篇系统评价及2篇专家共识,形成33条最佳证据,包括评估、饮食预防、运动预防、药物预防、监测预防、低血糖教育、急救设备、应急处理及后续处理9个维度。结论本研究总结目前关于住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖评估、预防与处理的最佳证据,能够为临床医护人员提供科学指导,满足不同状态老年糖尿病患者低血糖的预防与处理。展开更多
目的检索、遴选并整合慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗管理的最佳证据,为临床工作提供参考。方法系统依次检索BMJ best practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、系统摘要数据库、美国国立指南数据库、加拿大安大略注...目的检索、遴选并整合慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗管理的最佳证据,为临床工作提供参考。方法系统依次检索BMJ best practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、系统摘要数据库、美国国立指南数据库、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、苏格兰学院间指南网、国际指南协作组、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所库、澳大利亚指南网、临床系统改进协会、慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议、美国胸科协会、英国胸科协会、爱尔兰胸科协会、澳大利亚和新西兰胸科协会、医脉通临床指南网、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CINAHL、PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中所有关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗证据,包括指南、专家共识、最佳实践、系统评价、证据总结及随机对照研究。由2名研究员对文献质量独立评价,结合专业人士的判断,对符合纳入标准的文献进行资料提取。结果共纳入20篇文献,包括临床决策2篇、证据总结4篇、指南8篇、系统评价1篇、专家共识3篇、随机对照试验2篇。总结长期氧疗定义、多学科团队、适用指征、氧疗设备基本要求与选择、实施、动态评估与监测、健康教育与出院随访8大类27条最佳证据。结论本研究总结了目前慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗管理的最佳证据,为标准化临床护理方案提供循证依据,改善患者结局,提升护理质量。展开更多
This paper describes effects of 40 kHz ultrasound on the oxide films of stainless steel in sulphate electrolytes so as to determine the transmitted power and to characterize mass transfer and peak current density on t...This paper describes effects of 40 kHz ultrasound on the oxide films of stainless steel in sulphate electrolytes so as to determine the transmitted power and to characterize mass transfer and peak current density on the electrode surface. Emphasis was mainly laid on electrochemical oxidations and peeling mechanism of oxide films in sonicated sulphate solutions （0.5 and 1.0 mol/L）. Polarization voltammetry, current response traces and SEM analysis were carded out in order to provide full information as to oxide films surface. Results shows that the rate of electrochemical oxidation, the shape of polarization curves and the surface micrographs in sonicated sulphate electrolytes are different from those obtained without introduction of ultrasound. It is concluded that ultrasound can change the electro-chemical behavior of oxide films by its cavitaion effects, which would produce transient mechanical impulsive force and enhance electrochemical reactions.展开更多
Conventional nuclear fusion occurs in plasma at temperatures greater than 10^(7)℃ or when energy higher than 10 keV is applied.We report a new result of anomalous neutron emission,also called cascade neutron burst em...Conventional nuclear fusion occurs in plasma at temperatures greater than 10^(7)℃ or when energy higher than 10 keV is applied.We report a new result of anomalous neutron emission,also called cascade neutron burst emission,from deuterium-loaded titanium and uranium deuteride samples at room temperature.The number of neutrons in the large bursts is measured as up to 2800 in less than a 64-μs interval.We suggest that the anomalous cascade neutron bursts are correlated with deuterium-loaded metals and probably the result of nuclear reactions occurring in the samples.展开更多
文摘目的遴选并获取住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖管理的最佳证据,为医护人员、管理者、患者及家属临床实践提供参考。方法用PIPOST构建循证问题,系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI、RNAO等数据库关于住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖管理的所有证据,由2名研究者对纳入文献的质量进行独立评价,证据提取、综合。结果纳入21篇文献,临床决策1篇、证据总结9篇、指南8篇、1篇系统评价及2篇专家共识,形成33条最佳证据,包括评估、饮食预防、运动预防、药物预防、监测预防、低血糖教育、急救设备、应急处理及后续处理9个维度。结论本研究总结目前关于住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖评估、预防与处理的最佳证据,能够为临床医护人员提供科学指导,满足不同状态老年糖尿病患者低血糖的预防与处理。
文摘目的检索、遴选并整合慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗管理的最佳证据,为临床工作提供参考。方法系统依次检索BMJ best practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、系统摘要数据库、美国国立指南数据库、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、苏格兰学院间指南网、国际指南协作组、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所库、澳大利亚指南网、临床系统改进协会、慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议、美国胸科协会、英国胸科协会、爱尔兰胸科协会、澳大利亚和新西兰胸科协会、医脉通临床指南网、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CINAHL、PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中所有关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗证据,包括指南、专家共识、最佳实践、系统评价、证据总结及随机对照研究。由2名研究员对文献质量独立评价,结合专业人士的判断,对符合纳入标准的文献进行资料提取。结果共纳入20篇文献,包括临床决策2篇、证据总结4篇、指南8篇、系统评价1篇、专家共识3篇、随机对照试验2篇。总结长期氧疗定义、多学科团队、适用指征、氧疗设备基本要求与选择、实施、动态评估与监测、健康教育与出院随访8大类27条最佳证据。结论本研究总结了目前慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗管理的最佳证据,为标准化临床护理方案提供循证依据,改善患者结局,提升护理质量。
文摘This paper describes effects of 40 kHz ultrasound on the oxide films of stainless steel in sulphate electrolytes so as to determine the transmitted power and to characterize mass transfer and peak current density on the electrode surface. Emphasis was mainly laid on electrochemical oxidations and peeling mechanism of oxide films in sonicated sulphate solutions （0.5 and 1.0 mol/L）. Polarization voltammetry, current response traces and SEM analysis were carded out in order to provide full information as to oxide films surface. Results shows that the rate of electrochemical oxidation, the shape of polarization curves and the surface micrographs in sonicated sulphate electrolytes are different from those obtained without introduction of ultrasound. It is concluded that ultrasound can change the electro-chemical behavior of oxide films by its cavitaion effects, which would produce transient mechanical impulsive force and enhance electrochemical reactions.
基金Supported by the President Foundation of the China Institute of Atomic Energy(No YZ-0704).
文摘Conventional nuclear fusion occurs in plasma at temperatures greater than 10^(7)℃ or when energy higher than 10 keV is applied.We report a new result of anomalous neutron emission,also called cascade neutron burst emission,from deuterium-loaded titanium and uranium deuteride samples at room temperature.The number of neutrons in the large bursts is measured as up to 2800 in less than a 64-μs interval.We suggest that the anomalous cascade neutron bursts are correlated with deuterium-loaded metals and probably the result of nuclear reactions occurring in the samples.
