中国是滑坡灾害的多发国家,其中降雨是诱发滑坡灾害的主要原因。由于地质体具有非连续、非均匀、流固耦合、未知初始状态等特点,仅依靠有限的钻孔数据无法准确给出滑坡体的渗流参数及岩土力学参数。为了实现降雨入渗作用下滑坡体参数的...中国是滑坡灾害的多发国家,其中降雨是诱发滑坡灾害的主要原因。由于地质体具有非连续、非均匀、流固耦合、未知初始状态等特点,仅依靠有限的钻孔数据无法准确给出滑坡体的渗流参数及岩土力学参数。为了实现降雨入渗作用下滑坡体参数的快速反演,提出了可快速分析降雨入渗诱发滑坡灾害的力学模型。该模型根据降雨量、地表径流量及地下径流量综合确定滑体中的饱和程度,进而根据饱和度来折减或增加滑体的强度。通过将该模型内嵌于连续-非连续单元法(continuum-discontinum element method,CDEM)中,并且结合遗传算法,实现了王家台滑坡岩土参数的反演分析,经过现场监测数据与数值模拟结果的优化对比,给出了适用于降雨入渗概化模型的王家台滑坡当前岩土参数。展开更多
Largely due to the heterogeneity of environmental parameters and the logistical difficulty of moving photosynthetic equipment in the paddy fields, effective measurement of lowland rice photosynthesis is still a challe...Largely due to the heterogeneity of environmental parameters and the logistical difficulty of moving photosynthetic equipment in the paddy fields, effective measurement of lowland rice photosynthesis is still a challenge. In this study, we showed that measuring detached rice leaves in the laboratory can not effectively represent the parameters measured in situ. We further described a new indoor facility, high-efficiency all-weather photosynthetic measurement system（HAPS）, and the associated measurement protocol to enable whole-weather measurement of photosynthetic parameters of rice grown in the paddy fields. Using HAPS, we can conduct photosynthetic measurements with a time span much longer than that appropriate for the outdoor measurements. Comparative study shows that photosynthetic parameters obtained with the new protocol can effectively represent the parameters in the fields. There was much less standard deviation for measurements using HAPS compared to the outdoor measurements, no matter for technical replications of each recording or for biological replications of each leaf position. This new facility and protocol enables rice photosynthetic physiology studies to be less tough but more efficient, and provides a potential option for large scale studies of rice leaf photosynthesis.展开更多
文摘中国是滑坡灾害的多发国家,其中降雨是诱发滑坡灾害的主要原因。由于地质体具有非连续、非均匀、流固耦合、未知初始状态等特点,仅依靠有限的钻孔数据无法准确给出滑坡体的渗流参数及岩土力学参数。为了实现降雨入渗作用下滑坡体参数的快速反演,提出了可快速分析降雨入渗诱发滑坡灾害的力学模型。该模型根据降雨量、地表径流量及地下径流量综合确定滑体中的饱和程度,进而根据饱和度来折减或增加滑体的强度。通过将该模型内嵌于连续-非连续单元法(continuum-discontinum element method,CDEM)中,并且结合遗传算法,实现了王家台滑坡岩土参数的反演分析,经过现场监测数据与数值模拟结果的优化对比,给出了适用于降雨入渗概化模型的王家台滑坡当前岩土参数。
基金financially supported by the Strategic Leading Project of Modular Designer Crop Breeding,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA08020301)
文摘Largely due to the heterogeneity of environmental parameters and the logistical difficulty of moving photosynthetic equipment in the paddy fields, effective measurement of lowland rice photosynthesis is still a challenge. In this study, we showed that measuring detached rice leaves in the laboratory can not effectively represent the parameters measured in situ. We further described a new indoor facility, high-efficiency all-weather photosynthetic measurement system（HAPS）, and the associated measurement protocol to enable whole-weather measurement of photosynthetic parameters of rice grown in the paddy fields. Using HAPS, we can conduct photosynthetic measurements with a time span much longer than that appropriate for the outdoor measurements. Comparative study shows that photosynthetic parameters obtained with the new protocol can effectively represent the parameters in the fields. There was much less standard deviation for measurements using HAPS compared to the outdoor measurements, no matter for technical replications of each recording or for biological replications of each leaf position. This new facility and protocol enables rice photosynthetic physiology studies to be less tough but more efficient, and provides a potential option for large scale studies of rice leaf photosynthesis.
