对英文版团队发展测评量表(Team Development Measure,TDM)进行跨文化调适,并且为我国医疗团队发展测评提供测量工具。遵循WHO推荐的量表跨文化调适指南,对TDM进行正向翻译、专家小组会议、回译、预测试和认知性访谈。英文版TDM经跨文...对英文版团队发展测评量表(Team Development Measure,TDM)进行跨文化调适,并且为我国医疗团队发展测评提供测量工具。遵循WHO推荐的量表跨文化调适指南,对TDM进行正向翻译、专家小组会议、回译、预测试和认知性访谈。英文版TDM经跨文化调适后,最终形成与其等价的中文版TDM。中文版TDM与英文版相比具有概念、语义、内容等方面的等价性,可用于后续进一步的信效度验证以及推广。展开更多
Gayal is a rare semi-wild bovine species found in the Indo-China. They can graze grasses, including bamboo leaves, as well as reeds and other plant species, and grow to higher mature live weights than Yunnan Yellow ca...Gayal is a rare semi-wild bovine species found in the Indo-China. They can graze grasses, including bamboo leaves, as well as reeds and other plant species, and grow to higher mature live weights than Yunnan Yellow cattle maintained in similar harsh environments. The aim of this study was to identify specific cellulase in the gayal rumen. A metagenomic fosmid library was constructed using genomic DNA isolated from the ruminal contents of four adult gayals. This library contained 38400 clones with an average insert size of 35.5 kb. The Umcel-1 gene was isolated from this library. Investigation of the cellulase activity of 24 random clones led to the identification of the Umcel-1 gene, which exhibited the most potent cellulase activity. Sequencing the Umcel-1 gene revealed that it contained an open reading frame of 942 base pairs that encoded a product of 313 amino acids. The putative gene Umcel-1 product belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 and showed the highest homology to the cellulase （GenBank accession no. YP_004310852.1 ） from Clostridium lentocellum DSM 5427, with 44% identity and 62% similarity. The Umcel-1 gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coil BL21, and recombinant Umcel-1 was purified. The activity of purified recombinant Umcel-1 was assessed, and the results revealed that it hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose with optimal activity at pH 5.5 and 45~C. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence for a cellulase produced by bacteria in gayal rumen.展开更多
文摘对英文版团队发展测评量表(Team Development Measure,TDM)进行跨文化调适,并且为我国医疗团队发展测评提供测量工具。遵循WHO推荐的量表跨文化调适指南,对TDM进行正向翻译、专家小组会议、回译、预测试和认知性访谈。英文版TDM经跨文化调适后,最终形成与其等价的中文版TDM。中文版TDM与英文版相比具有概念、语义、内容等方面的等价性,可用于后续进一步的信效度验证以及推广。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160467, 31360562, 31160449 and 31260543)
文摘Gayal is a rare semi-wild bovine species found in the Indo-China. They can graze grasses, including bamboo leaves, as well as reeds and other plant species, and grow to higher mature live weights than Yunnan Yellow cattle maintained in similar harsh environments. The aim of this study was to identify specific cellulase in the gayal rumen. A metagenomic fosmid library was constructed using genomic DNA isolated from the ruminal contents of four adult gayals. This library contained 38400 clones with an average insert size of 35.5 kb. The Umcel-1 gene was isolated from this library. Investigation of the cellulase activity of 24 random clones led to the identification of the Umcel-1 gene, which exhibited the most potent cellulase activity. Sequencing the Umcel-1 gene revealed that it contained an open reading frame of 942 base pairs that encoded a product of 313 amino acids. The putative gene Umcel-1 product belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 and showed the highest homology to the cellulase （GenBank accession no. YP_004310852.1 ） from Clostridium lentocellum DSM 5427, with 44% identity and 62% similarity. The Umcel-1 gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coil BL21, and recombinant Umcel-1 was purified. The activity of purified recombinant Umcel-1 was assessed, and the results revealed that it hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose with optimal activity at pH 5.5 and 45~C. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence for a cellulase produced by bacteria in gayal rumen.
