目的通过高通量16S r DNA测序,探讨不同中医证型原发性失眠患者肠道菌群差异。方法选择原发性失眠患者65例,按中医证型分为肝郁化火组22例、心脾两虚组17例、阴虚火旺组26例,健康体检者47例为对照组。采用高通量16S r DNA测序方法分析...目的通过高通量16S r DNA测序,探讨不同中医证型原发性失眠患者肠道菌群差异。方法选择原发性失眠患者65例,按中医证型分为肝郁化火组22例、心脾两虚组17例、阴虚火旺组26例,健康体检者47例为对照组。采用高通量16S r DNA测序方法分析患者便菌群结构,QIIME软件与R语言stats包等分析菌群差异。结果共得到1226个不同的基因序列分类单元(OTUs),4组间差异有统计学意义的OTUs共180个(P<0.05),表明样品有丰富的菌落。肝郁化火组、阴虚火旺组测序序列的定位个数多于心脾两虚组及对照组(P<0.05)。非加权Uni Frac分析显示,组间差异显著大于组内差异,表明分组有意义(R=0.103,P=0.002),提示肠道菌群多样性与失眠不同证型高度相关。属水平在不同组间明显差异共57个属(P<0.05),所有物种水平不同组间明显差异共115个物种(P<0.05)。对照组优势菌属包括:普雷沃氏菌属(prevotella)、巨单胞菌属(megamonas)、梭菌属(clostridiumⅪ、clostridiuumⅩⅧ)、魏斯氏菌属(weissella)、拟普雷沃氏菌属(alloprevotella);肝郁化火组优势菌属包括:考拉杆菌属(phascolarctobacterium)、黄杆菌属(flavonifractor)、埃格特菌属(eggerthella)、嗜胆菌属(bilophila);心脾两虚组优势菌属包括:鞘氨醇单胞菌属(sphingomonas)、甲基杆菌属(methylobacterium);阴虚火旺组优势菌属包括:拟杆菌属(bacteroides)、副拟杆菌属(parabacteroides)、parasutterella、butyricimonas、odoribacter。结论原发性失眠患者具有丰富的肠道菌群多样性及不同菌群结构,可能影响着不同中医证候的发生、发展及结局。展开更多
Background Young children are susceptible to pulmonary injury, and acute lung injury （ALl） often results in a high mortality and financial costs in pediatric patients. A good ALl model will help us to gain a better ...Background Young children are susceptible to pulmonary injury, and acute lung injury （ALl） often results in a high mortality and financial costs in pediatric patients. A good ALl model will help us to gain a better understanding of the real pathophysiological picture and to evaluate novel treatment approaches to acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） more accurately and liberally. This study aimed to establish a hemodynamically stable and reproducible model with ALl in piglet induced by oleic acid. Methods Six Chinese mini-piglets were used to establish ALl models by oleic acid. Hemodynamic and pulmonary function data were measured. Histopathological assessment was performed. Results Mean blood pressure, heart rate （HR）, cardiac output （CO）, central venous pressure （CVP） and left atrial pressure （LAP） were sharply decreased after oleic acid given, while the mean pulmonary arterial pressure （MPAP） was increased in comparison with baseline （P 〈0.05）. pH, arterial partial pressure of 02 （PaO2）, PaO2/inspired 02 fraction （FiO2） and lung compliance decreased, while PaCO2 and airway pressure increased in comparison with baseline （P 〈0.05）. The lung histology showed severe inflammation, hyaline membranes, intra-alveolar and interstitial hemorrhage. Conclusion This experiment established a stable model which allows for a diversity of studies on early lung injury.展开更多
Background An inflammatory response leading to organ dysfunction and failure continues to be a major problem after injury in many clinical conditions such as sepsis, severe burns, and trauma. It is increasingly recogn...Background An inflammatory response leading to organ dysfunction and failure continues to be a major problem after injury in many clinical conditions such as sepsis, severe burns, and trauma. It is increasingly recognized that atrial natriuretic peptide （ANP） possesses a broad range of biological activities, including effects on endothelial function and inflammation. A recent study has revealed that ANP exerts anti-inflammatory effects. In this study we tested the effects of human ANP （hANP） on lung injury in a model of oleic acid （OA）-induced acute lung injury （ALl） in rats. Methods Rats were randomly assigned to three groups （n=6 in each group）. Rats in the control group received a 0.9% solution of NaCI （1 ml-kg-l.h1） by continuous intravenous infusion, after 30 minutes a 0.9% solution of NaCI （1 ml/kg） was injected intravenously, and then the 0.9% NaCI infusion was restarted. Rats in the ALl group received a 0.9% NaCI solution （1 ml-kgl-h-~） intravenous infusion, after 30 minutes OA was injected intravenously （0.1 ml/kg）, and then the 0.9% NaCI infusion was restarted. Rats in the hANP-treated ALl group received a hANP （0.1 IJg.kg-Lmin~） infusion, after 30 minutes OA was injected intravenously （0.1 ml/kg）, and then the hANP infusion was restarted. The anti-inflammation effects of hANP were evaluated by histological examination and determination of serum cytokine levels. Results Serum interleukin （IL）-113, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor （TNF） a were increased in the ALl group at six hours. The levels of all factors were significantly lower in the hANP treated rats （P 〈0.005）. Similarly, levels of IL-113, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a were higher in the lung tissue in the ALl group at six hours, hANP treatment significantly reduced the levels of these factors in the lungs （P 〈0.005）. Histological examination revealed marked reduction in interstitial congestion, edema, and inflammation. Conclusion hANP can attenuate inflammation in OA-induced lung injury in rat model.展开更多
Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury.Acute lung injury in children often results in high mortality.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been shown to markedly improve oxygenation and reduce h...Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury.Acute lung injury in children often results in high mortality.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been shown to markedly improve oxygenation and reduce histologic evidence of injury in a number of lung injury models.This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that PLV would attenuate the production of local and systemic tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α in an immature piglet model of acute lung injury induced by oleic acid （OA）.Methods Twelve Chinese immature piglets were induced acute lung injury by OA.The animals were randomly assigned to two groups of six animals,（1） conventional mechanical ventilation （MV） group and （2） PLV with 10 ml/kg FC-77 group.Results Compared with MV group,the PLV group had better cardiopulmonary variables （P 〈0.05）.These variables included heart rate,mean blood pressure,blood pH,partial pressure of arterial oxygen （PaO2）,PaO2/inspired O2 fraction （FiO2） and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide （PaCO2）.PLV reduced TNF-α levels both in plasma and tissue compared with MV group （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion PLV provides protective effects against TNF-a response in OA-induced acute lung injury in immature piglets.展开更多
Background Cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） has been shown to be associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to postoperative organ dysfunction. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing protecti...Background Cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） has been shown to be associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to postoperative organ dysfunction. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing protective strategies for the pathophysiological consequences of CPB have been hampered due to the absence of a satisfactory recovery animal model. The purpose of this study was to establish a good rat model of CPB to study the pathophysiology of potential complications. Methods Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 450-560 g were randomly divided into a CPB group （n=10） and a control group （n=10）. All rats were anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated. The carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated. The blood was drained from the right atrium via the right jugular and transferred by a miniaturized roller pump to a hollow fiber oxygenator and back to the rat via the left carotid artery. Priming consisted of 8 ml of homologous blood and 8 ml of colloid. The surface of the hollow fiber oxygenator was 0.075 m~. CPB was conducted for 60 minutes at a flow rate of 100-120 ml. kg-1. min-1 in the CPB group. Oxygen flow/perfusion flow was 0.8 to 1.0, and the mean arterial pressure remained 60-80 mmHg. Blood gas analysis, hemodynamic investigations, and lung histology were subsequently examined. Results All CPB rats recovered from the operative process without incident. Normal cardiac function after successful weaning was confirmed by electrocardiography and blood pressure measurements. Mean arterial pressure remained stable. The results of blood gas analysis at different times were within the normal range. Levels of IL-113 and TNF-a were higher in the lung tissue in the CPB group （P 〈0.005）. Histological examination revealed marked increases in interstitialcongestion, edema, and inflammation in the CPB group. Conclusion This novel, recovery, and reproducible minimally invasive CPB model may open the field for various studies on the pathophysiological process of CPB and systemic ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo.展开更多
Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for treating sev...Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for treating severe lung injury.The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PLV on lung function in immature piglets.Methods Acute lung injury was induced in 12 Chinese immature piglets by oleic acid （OA）.The animals were randomly assigned to two groups （n=6 each group）：（1） conventional mechanical ventilation （MV） group and （2） PLV with FC-77 （10 ml/kg） group.Mean arterial blood pressure （MAP）,mean pulmonary arterial pressure （MPAP）,central venous pressure （CVP）,left atrial pressure （LAP）,systemic vascular resistance （SVR）,pulmonary vascular resistance （PVR）,cardiac output （CO）,mean pressure of airway （Paw）,dynamic lung compliance （Cydn）,and arterial blood gases were measured during the observation period.Results No piglet died in either group with severe lung injury.After four hours of ventilation,pH in the MV group gradually decreased to lower than 7.20,while in the PLV group,pH also gradually decreased but remained higher than 7.20 （P ＜0.05）.Partial pressure of oxygen in artery （PaO2） decreased in both groups,but with a significant difference between the PLV group and MV group （P ＜0.05）.Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery （PaCO2） increased in both groups,but with a significant difference between the PLV group and MV group （P ＜0.05）.Paw increased in both groups,but was not significantly different （P ＞0.05）.Cydn decreased in both groups,but without a significant difference （P ＞0.05）.At four hours,heart rate （HR） and MAP in both groups decreased.MPAP in both groups increased,and there was a significant difference between the two groups （P ＜0.05）.CVP was stable in both groups.At four hours,PVR and LAP were increased in both groups.CO was decreased in both groups （P ＜0.05）.SVR was stable during the observation time.Conclusion PLV did not improve outcome in changes of lung function.展开更多
Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies. Total liquid ventilation has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for severe lung injury. T...Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies. Total liquid ventilation has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for severe lung injury. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of total liquid ventilation on oleic acid （OA）-induced lung injury in piglets. Methods Twelve Chinese immature piglets were induced acute lung injury by OA. Twelve piglets were randomly treated with conventional gas ventilation （control group） or total liquid ventilation （study group） for 240 minutes. Samples for blood gas analysis were collected before, and at 60-minute intervals after OA-induced lung injury. The degree of lung injury was quantified by histologic examination. The inflammatory cells and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in plasma, tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage were analyzed. Results Neutrophil and macrophage counts in bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly decreased in the study group （P〈0.05）. The total lung injury score was also reduced in the study group （P〈0.05）. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in plasma, tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly reduced in the study group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Total liquid ventilation reduces biochemical and histoloaic OA-induced luna iniurv in nialets.展开更多
文摘目的通过高通量16S r DNA测序,探讨不同中医证型原发性失眠患者肠道菌群差异。方法选择原发性失眠患者65例,按中医证型分为肝郁化火组22例、心脾两虚组17例、阴虚火旺组26例,健康体检者47例为对照组。采用高通量16S r DNA测序方法分析患者便菌群结构,QIIME软件与R语言stats包等分析菌群差异。结果共得到1226个不同的基因序列分类单元(OTUs),4组间差异有统计学意义的OTUs共180个(P<0.05),表明样品有丰富的菌落。肝郁化火组、阴虚火旺组测序序列的定位个数多于心脾两虚组及对照组(P<0.05)。非加权Uni Frac分析显示,组间差异显著大于组内差异,表明分组有意义(R=0.103,P=0.002),提示肠道菌群多样性与失眠不同证型高度相关。属水平在不同组间明显差异共57个属(P<0.05),所有物种水平不同组间明显差异共115个物种(P<0.05)。对照组优势菌属包括:普雷沃氏菌属(prevotella)、巨单胞菌属(megamonas)、梭菌属(clostridiumⅪ、clostridiuumⅩⅧ)、魏斯氏菌属(weissella)、拟普雷沃氏菌属(alloprevotella);肝郁化火组优势菌属包括:考拉杆菌属(phascolarctobacterium)、黄杆菌属(flavonifractor)、埃格特菌属(eggerthella)、嗜胆菌属(bilophila);心脾两虚组优势菌属包括:鞘氨醇单胞菌属(sphingomonas)、甲基杆菌属(methylobacterium);阴虚火旺组优势菌属包括:拟杆菌属(bacteroides)、副拟杆菌属(parabacteroides)、parasutterella、butyricimonas、odoribacter。结论原发性失眠患者具有丰富的肠道菌群多样性及不同菌群结构,可能影响着不同中医证候的发生、发展及结局。
基金This study was supported-by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30670928, No. 81070055） and the Beijing Municipal Education Commission （No. PXM2011_014226_07 000060, Z11110006150000）.
文摘Background Young children are susceptible to pulmonary injury, and acute lung injury （ALl） often results in a high mortality and financial costs in pediatric patients. A good ALl model will help us to gain a better understanding of the real pathophysiological picture and to evaluate novel treatment approaches to acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） more accurately and liberally. This study aimed to establish a hemodynamically stable and reproducible model with ALl in piglet induced by oleic acid. Methods Six Chinese mini-piglets were used to establish ALl models by oleic acid. Hemodynamic and pulmonary function data were measured. Histopathological assessment was performed. Results Mean blood pressure, heart rate （HR）, cardiac output （CO）, central venous pressure （CVP） and left atrial pressure （LAP） were sharply decreased after oleic acid given, while the mean pulmonary arterial pressure （MPAP） was increased in comparison with baseline （P 〈0.05）. pH, arterial partial pressure of 02 （PaO2）, PaO2/inspired 02 fraction （FiO2） and lung compliance decreased, while PaCO2 and airway pressure increased in comparison with baseline （P 〈0.05）. The lung histology showed severe inflammation, hyaline membranes, intra-alveolar and interstitial hemorrhage. Conclusion This experiment established a stable model which allows for a diversity of studies on early lung injury.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30670928, No. 81070055）, Beijing Educational Commission （No. PXM2011_014226 07 000060）, Beijing Science and Technology Commission （No. Z111100074911001）, Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7112046, No. 7122056）, Beijing Health System High Level Health Technical Personnel Training Plan （No. 2011-1-4）.
文摘Background An inflammatory response leading to organ dysfunction and failure continues to be a major problem after injury in many clinical conditions such as sepsis, severe burns, and trauma. It is increasingly recognized that atrial natriuretic peptide （ANP） possesses a broad range of biological activities, including effects on endothelial function and inflammation. A recent study has revealed that ANP exerts anti-inflammatory effects. In this study we tested the effects of human ANP （hANP） on lung injury in a model of oleic acid （OA）-induced acute lung injury （ALl） in rats. Methods Rats were randomly assigned to three groups （n=6 in each group）. Rats in the control group received a 0.9% solution of NaCI （1 ml-kg-l.h1） by continuous intravenous infusion, after 30 minutes a 0.9% solution of NaCI （1 ml/kg） was injected intravenously, and then the 0.9% NaCI infusion was restarted. Rats in the ALl group received a 0.9% NaCI solution （1 ml-kgl-h-~） intravenous infusion, after 30 minutes OA was injected intravenously （0.1 ml/kg）, and then the 0.9% NaCI infusion was restarted. Rats in the hANP-treated ALl group received a hANP （0.1 IJg.kg-Lmin~） infusion, after 30 minutes OA was injected intravenously （0.1 ml/kg）, and then the hANP infusion was restarted. The anti-inflammation effects of hANP were evaluated by histological examination and determination of serum cytokine levels. Results Serum interleukin （IL）-113, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor （TNF） a were increased in the ALl group at six hours. The levels of all factors were significantly lower in the hANP treated rats （P 〈0.005）. Similarly, levels of IL-113, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a were higher in the lung tissue in the ALl group at six hours, hANP treatment significantly reduced the levels of these factors in the lungs （P 〈0.005）. Histological examination revealed marked reduction in interstitial congestion, edema, and inflammation. Conclusion hANP can attenuate inflammation in OA-induced lung injury in rat model.
基金This study was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30670928 and No. 81070055）, Beijing Municipal Education Commission （No. PXM2011_014226 07 000060）, Beijing Municipal Science Committee （No. Z11110006150000） and Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7122056）.We are grateful to Dr. LING Feng, Dr. LIU Ai-jun, Dr. LI Gang and Dr. XU Yu-lin for their preparation of the animals, to Dr. LIU Yang-qing and Dr. LIU De-bin for their histopathological assessment.
文摘Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury.Acute lung injury in children often results in high mortality.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been shown to markedly improve oxygenation and reduce histologic evidence of injury in a number of lung injury models.This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that PLV would attenuate the production of local and systemic tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α in an immature piglet model of acute lung injury induced by oleic acid （OA）.Methods Twelve Chinese immature piglets were induced acute lung injury by OA.The animals were randomly assigned to two groups of six animals,（1） conventional mechanical ventilation （MV） group and （2） PLV with 10 ml/kg FC-77 group.Results Compared with MV group,the PLV group had better cardiopulmonary variables （P 〈0.05）.These variables included heart rate,mean blood pressure,blood pH,partial pressure of arterial oxygen （PaO2）,PaO2/inspired O2 fraction （FiO2） and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide （PaCO2）.PLV reduced TNF-α levels both in plasma and tissue compared with MV group （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion PLV provides protective effects against TNF-a response in OA-induced acute lung injury in immature piglets.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Capital Medical University-Clinical Research Cooperation Fund （No. l lJLS0, No. 13JL26）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81371443, No. 81070055）, Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7112046, No. 7122056）, Beijing Health System High Level Health Technical Personnel Training Plan （No. 2011-1-4）, and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （SRFDP, No. 20111107110006）.
文摘Background Cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） has been shown to be associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to postoperative organ dysfunction. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing protective strategies for the pathophysiological consequences of CPB have been hampered due to the absence of a satisfactory recovery animal model. The purpose of this study was to establish a good rat model of CPB to study the pathophysiology of potential complications. Methods Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 450-560 g were randomly divided into a CPB group （n=10） and a control group （n=10）. All rats were anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated. The carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated. The blood was drained from the right atrium via the right jugular and transferred by a miniaturized roller pump to a hollow fiber oxygenator and back to the rat via the left carotid artery. Priming consisted of 8 ml of homologous blood and 8 ml of colloid. The surface of the hollow fiber oxygenator was 0.075 m~. CPB was conducted for 60 minutes at a flow rate of 100-120 ml. kg-1. min-1 in the CPB group. Oxygen flow/perfusion flow was 0.8 to 1.0, and the mean arterial pressure remained 60-80 mmHg. Blood gas analysis, hemodynamic investigations, and lung histology were subsequently examined. Results All CPB rats recovered from the operative process without incident. Normal cardiac function after successful weaning was confirmed by electrocardiography and blood pressure measurements. Mean arterial pressure remained stable. The results of blood gas analysis at different times were within the normal range. Levels of IL-113 and TNF-a were higher in the lung tissue in the CPB group （P 〈0.005）. Histological examination revealed marked increases in interstitialcongestion, edema, and inflammation in the CPB group. Conclusion This novel, recovery, and reproducible minimally invasive CPB model may open the field for various studies on the pathophysiological process of CPB and systemic ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. No. 81070055, No. 81371443）, Beijing Science and Technology Commission （No. Z 1111000749 l 1001）, Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7112046, No. 7122056）, Beijing Health System High Level Health Technical Personnel Training Plan （No. 2011-1-4） and Basic and Clinical Cooperation Project of Capital Medical University （No. 13JL26）.
文摘Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies.Partial liquid ventilation （PLV） has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for treating severe lung injury.The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PLV on lung function in immature piglets.Methods Acute lung injury was induced in 12 Chinese immature piglets by oleic acid （OA）.The animals were randomly assigned to two groups （n=6 each group）：（1） conventional mechanical ventilation （MV） group and （2） PLV with FC-77 （10 ml/kg） group.Mean arterial blood pressure （MAP）,mean pulmonary arterial pressure （MPAP）,central venous pressure （CVP）,left atrial pressure （LAP）,systemic vascular resistance （SVR）,pulmonary vascular resistance （PVR）,cardiac output （CO）,mean pressure of airway （Paw）,dynamic lung compliance （Cydn）,and arterial blood gases were measured during the observation period.Results No piglet died in either group with severe lung injury.After four hours of ventilation,pH in the MV group gradually decreased to lower than 7.20,while in the PLV group,pH also gradually decreased but remained higher than 7.20 （P ＜0.05）.Partial pressure of oxygen in artery （PaO2） decreased in both groups,but with a significant difference between the PLV group and MV group （P ＜0.05）.Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery （PaCO2） increased in both groups,but with a significant difference between the PLV group and MV group （P ＜0.05）.Paw increased in both groups,but was not significantly different （P ＞0.05）.Cydn decreased in both groups,but without a significant difference （P ＞0.05）.At four hours,heart rate （HR） and MAP in both groups decreased.MPAP in both groups increased,and there was a significant difference between the two groups （P ＜0.05）.CVP was stable in both groups.At four hours,PVR and LAP were increased in both groups.CO was decreased in both groups （P ＜0.05）.SVR was stable during the observation time.Conclusion PLV did not improve outcome in changes of lung function.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81070055）, Beijing Science and Technology Commission （No. ZI 11100074911001 ）, Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 7112046, No. 7122056）, Beijing Health System High Level Health Technical Personnel Training Plan （No. 2011-1-4）, and Basic and Clinical Cooperation Project of Capital Medical University （No. 13JL26）.
文摘Background Pediatric patients are susceptible to lung injury that does not respond to traditional therapies. Total liquid ventilation has been developed as an alternative ventilatory strategy for severe lung injury. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of total liquid ventilation on oleic acid （OA）-induced lung injury in piglets. Methods Twelve Chinese immature piglets were induced acute lung injury by OA. Twelve piglets were randomly treated with conventional gas ventilation （control group） or total liquid ventilation （study group） for 240 minutes. Samples for blood gas analysis were collected before, and at 60-minute intervals after OA-induced lung injury. The degree of lung injury was quantified by histologic examination. The inflammatory cells and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in plasma, tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage were analyzed. Results Neutrophil and macrophage counts in bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly decreased in the study group （P〈0.05）. The total lung injury score was also reduced in the study group （P〈0.05）. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in plasma, tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly reduced in the study group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Total liquid ventilation reduces biochemical and histoloaic OA-induced luna iniurv in nialets.
