GmSTF accumulation mediated by DELLA protein GmRGAs contributes to coordinating light and gibberellin signaling to reduce plant height in soybean

Plant height influences plant architecture,lodging resistance,and yield performance.It is modulated by gibberellic acid(GA)metabolism and signaling.DELLA proteins,acting as central repressors of GA signaling,integrate various environmental and hormonal signals to regulate plant growth and development in Arabidopsis.We examined the role of two DELLA proteins,GmRGAa and GmRGAb,in soybean plant height control.Knockout of these proteins led to longer internodes and increased plant height,primarily by increasing cell elongation.GmRGAs functioned under different light conditions,including red,blue,and far-red light,to repress plant height.Interaction studies revealed that GmRGAs interacted with the blue light receptor GmCRY1b.Consistent with this,GmCRY1b partially regulated plant height via GmRGAs.Additionally,DELLA proteins were found to stabilize the protein GmSTF1/2,a key positive regulator of photomorphogenesis.This stabilization led to increased transcription of GmGA2ox-7b and subsequent reduction in plant height.This study enhances our understanding of DELLA-mediated plant height control,offering Gmrgaab mutants for soybean structure and yield optimization.

Gelatin-Based Metamaterial Hydrogel Films with High Conformality for Ultra-Soft Tissue Monitoring

Implantable hydrogel-based bioelectronics(IHB)can precisely monitor human health and diagnose diseases.However,achieving biodegradability,biocompatibility,and high conformality with soft tissues poses significant challenges for IHB.Gelatin is the most suitable candidate for IHB since it is a collagen hydrolysate and a substantial part of the extracellular matrix found naturally in most tissues.This study used 3D printing ultrafine fiber networks with metamaterial design to embed into ultra-low elastic modulus hydrogel to create a novel gelatin-based conductive film(GCF)with mechanical programmability.The regulation of GCF nearly covers soft tissue mechanics,an elastic modulus from 20 to 420 kPa,and a Poisson’s ratio from-0.25 to 0.52.The negative Poisson’s ratio promotes conformality with soft tissues to improve the efficiency of biological interfaces.The GCF can monitor heartbeat signals and respiratory rate by determining cardiac deformation due to its high conformability.Notably,the gelatin characteristics of the biodegradable GCF enable the sensor to monitor and support tissue restoration.The GCF metamaterial design offers a unique idea for bioelectronics to develop implantable sensors that integrate monitoring and tissue repair and a customized method for endowing implanted sensors to be highly conformal with soft tissues.

RFID电缆中间接头无线无源湿度监测

针对电缆中间接头受潮导致的运行故障问题,提出一种基于13.56 MHz RFID技术的无源湿度监测方法。该文利用HFSS建立传感器模型,调整天线匝距使天线达到理想状态,并对天线进行谐振匹配;然后研究传感器天线在水中的传输效果及存在金属屏蔽层时金属对天线性能的影响;最后将所设计的传感器放置于中间接头内部进行性能测试。结果表明:天线匝距为0.6 mm时传感器性能最佳;在天线外部增加47μH电容可实现13.56 MHz谐振匹配;传感器天线在水中的传输效果良好;加装金属屏蔽层可解决路径上金属对传感器信号传输的抑制作用;实际测量距离可达到8.2 cm、相对湿度测量误差最大为0.48%,最大波动幅度仅为0.3%,传感器长期处于高湿度环境仍能准确测量。该方法可实现电缆中间接头内部湿度的直接、快速及无源测量,对防止电缆受潮具有一定的参考意义。

A bionic controllable strain membrane for cell stretching at air–liquid interface inspired by papercutting

Lung diseases associated with alveoli,such as acute respiratory distress syndrome,have posed a long-term threat to human health.However,an in vitro model capable of simulating different deformations of the alveoli and a suitable material for mimicking basement membrane are currently lacking.Here,we present an innovative biomimetic controllable strain membrane(BCSM)at an air–liquid interface(ALI)to reconstruct alveolar respiration.The BCSM consists of a high-precision three-dimensional printing melt-electrowritten polycaprolactone(PCL)mesh,coated with a hydrogel substrate—to simulate the important functions(such as stiffness,porosity,wettability,and ALI)of alveolar microenvironments,and seeded pulmonary epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells on either side,respectively.Inspired by papercutting,the BCSM was fabricated in the plane while it operated in three dimensions.A series of the topological structure of the BCSM was designed to control various local-area strain,mimicking alveolar varied deformation.Lopinavir/ritonavir could reduce Lamin A expression under over-stretch condition,which might be effective in preventing ventilator-induced lung injury.The biomimetic lung-unit model with BCSM has broader application prospects in alveoli-related research in the future,such as in drug toxicology and metabolism.

癌症相关性疼痛病人多维疼痛评估量表的构建及信效度检验

目的:本研究旨在构建适合癌症相关性疼痛(简称癌痛)病人的疼痛评估量表,并探索评估量表用于癌痛病人的信度和效度,以期为临床癌痛病人的管理提供更加综合全面且简便易行的评估工具。方法:基于国内癌痛领域的指导性规范、临床诊疗指南、专家共识等,本研究构建了癌痛病人评估量表初始条目池,采取德尔菲法选取我国癌痛领域的二十余名专家进行两轮咨询,统计咨询结果,确认纳入的条目,形成最终的多维疼痛评估量表(multi-dimensional brief test scale for pain,BTS)。经过两轮德尔菲法专家咨询,第一轮纳入21位专家,第二轮纳入10位专家,第一轮纳入19个评估维度,选取重要性评分≥4.5分且变异系数≤20%的7个评估维度,进行第二轮专家咨询。这7个评估维度和条目的重要性结果与第一轮一致,由此最终构建的BTS共包含7个评估维度,15个条目。选取2022年7月至2023年2月中国人民解放军北部战区总医院收治的癌痛病人,使用构建的BTS评估量表进行信效度检验。结果:共纳入166例病人,经过数据清洗,最终纳入分析的病人例数为138例。BTS的信度检测Cronbachα系数为0.78,效度检测的KMO值为0.80,具有较好的信度和效度。结论:构建的BTS条目共纳入7个评估维度,15个条目,具有较好的信度和效度,可在临床实践中推广应用于癌痛病人的疼痛评估。

基于红外光谱PCA-LDA统计分析的麻纤维鉴别研究

亚麻、汉麻与苎麻纤维的成分组成和物化性质高度相似,三者间的分类鉴别是纺织品检验检测领域的难点。本文对不同种类麻纤维的傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)作主成分分析(PCA)和线性判别分析(LDA),创建麻纤维分类判别模型以鉴别三种易混麻纤维。选取亚麻、汉麻和苎麻纤维各60组作为样品集进行脱胶清洗处理并采集ATR-FTIR光谱。光谱归一化后对800~2000 cm-1波长的光谱作主成分分析,分析结果显示:随着主成分个数增加,主成分分数依据麻纤维类别逐渐显现聚类趋势,同时前12个主成分对归一化红外光谱数据的累计贡献率超过99.5%。以训练集前12主成分数为自变量,以麻纤维种类为因变量,通过线性判别分析构建了分类判别模型(典型判别函数和分类函数)。模型验证结果显示:典型判别函数可使前12个主成分分数矩阵根据麻纤维样品类型形成良好的聚类,分类函数对训练集和测试集中所有纤维样品的分类准确率达到100%。此外,PCA-LDA分类判别模型留一交叉验证的分类准确率仍能达到99.6%。结果表明,不同类别麻纤维的ATR-FTIR光谱存在差异,基于麻纤维ATR-FTIR光谱的PCA-LDA统计分析可实现亚麻、汉麻和苎麻三种易混麻纤维的快速无损鉴别。

基于数据挖掘探究中医治疗放射性皮炎的用药规律及作用机制

目的 探究中医处方治疗放射性皮炎(Radiodermatitis,RD)的用药规律及作用机制。方法 首先通过中英文数据库检索治疗RD的中医处方,分析处方内所含中药的使用频率和关联规则,总结治疗RD的核心处方。然后通过网络药理学方法探究核心处方的有效成分及治疗RD的潜在靶点与通路,并采用分子对接技术评估潜在靶点与活性成分之间的相互作用。结果 共计筛选出78篇文献,78个中药处方,累计纳入117种中草药。治疗RD的高频药物有紫草、黄柏、黄连、大黄、冰片、黄芩等,药性以寒为主,药味以苦为主,药物归经以肝经、脾经为主,药物功效以清热类为主。关联规则分析显示,“黄芩-黄柏”“黄芩-黄连-黄柏”“大黄-黄芩-黄连-黄柏”分别是二联至四联中支持度、置信度最高的组合。网络药理学分析核心处方“黄芩-黄连-黄柏-大黄”共计有效成分213个,与RD的交集靶点143个,筛选得5个关键靶点,即JUN、MAPK1、RELA、TP53和AKT1。富集分析结果显示,核心处方治疗RD的机制涉及IL-17、TNF、PI3K-Akt炎症相关信号传导和细胞凋亡途径。分子对接结果显示,槲皮素、芹菜素、汉黄芩素与筛选的潜在靶点具有较好的结合能力。结论 基于数据挖掘,总结出中药治疗RD的核心处方,并通过网络药理学和分子对接研究其治疗RD的潜在有效成分、靶点和相关信号通路,为中药治疗RD的临床应用提供理论依据。

面向小型边缘计算的深度可分离神经网络模型与硬件加速器设计

神经网络参数量和运算量的扩大,使得在资源有限的硬件平台上流水线部署神经网络变得更加困难。基于此,提出了一种解决深度学习模型在小型边缘计算平台上部署困难的方法。该方法基于应用于自定义数据集的深度可分离网络模型,在软件端使用迁移学习、敏感度分析和剪枝量化的步骤进行模型压缩,在硬件端分析并设计了适用于有限资源FPGA的流水线硬件加速器。实验结果表明,经过软件端的网络压缩优化,这种量化部署模型具有94.60%的高准确率,16.64 M的较低的单次推理定点数运算量和0.079 M的参数量。此外,经过硬件资源优化后,在国产FPGA开发板上进行流水线部署,推理帧率达到了366 FPS,计算能效为8.57 GOPS/W。这一研究提供了一种在小型边缘计算平台上高性能部署深度学习模型的解决方案。

基于DSP架构的软件应用流水线开发监测技术

软件流水线开发过程涉及不同的开发环境和测试环境,不同环境因素的影响会导致监测指令行间出现大量延迟,严重影响了监测技术的复用性。针对这一问题,提出基于DSP架构的软件应用流水线开发监测技术。派发监测指令前,在取指站设置一个分支计数器,以目的地址作为依据,启动分支计数器,完成监测指令预取。采用BWDSP100芯片搭建DSP架构,将预取内容部署到DSP架构中,同时对内部代码库进行部署,优化代码循环监测内容。设计监测引擎内部结构,建立与流水线之间的联系,设置身份权限验证功能和多个功能节点,完善监测流程,实现对软件应用流水线开发的完整监测。实验结果表明,面对开发环境的变化,所提技术在监测软件流水线开发过程中能够保证监测结果的准确和较高的监测效率,整体复用性得到了提高,具有一定的应用前景。

3D printed grafts with gradient structures for organized vascular regeneration

Synthetic vascular grafts suitable for small-diameter arteries(<6 mm) are in great need.However,there are still no commercially available small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVGs) in clinical practice due to thrombosis and stenosis after in vivo implantation.When designing SDVGs,many studies emphasized reendothelization but ignored the importance of reconstruction of the smooth muscle layer(SML).To facilitate rapid SML regeneration,a high-resolution 3D printing method was used to create a novel bilayer SDVG with structures and mechanical properties mimicking natural arteries.Bioinspired by the collagen alignment of SML,the inner layer of the grafts had larger pore sizes and high porosity to accelerate the infiltration of cells and their circumferential alignment,which could facilitate SML reconstruction for compliance restoration and spontaneous endothelialization.The outer layer was designed to induce fibroblast recruitment by low porosity and minor pore size and provide SDVG with sufficient mechanical strength.One month after implantation,the arteries regenerated by 3D-printed grafts exhibited better pulsatility than electrospun grafts,with a compliance(8.9%) approaching that of natural arteries(11.36%) and significantly higher than that of electrospun ones(1.9%).The 3D-printed vascular demonstrated a three-layer structure more closely resembling natural arteries while electrospun grafts showed incomplete endothelium and immature SML.Our study shows the importance of SML reconstruction during vascular graft regeneration and provides an effective strategy to reconstruct blood vessels through 3D-printed structures rapidly.

基于知识增强的配电网运行信息关系抽取方法

知识图谱可辅助现场人员处理配电网运行过程中积累的海量异构文本,挖掘高价值运行信息。针对知识图谱构建需求人工标注成本过高的问题,提出一种基于知识增强的远程监督关系抽取方法。利用GloVe编码与Bi-GRU网络对配电网运行语料库的句包进行向量表征;同时,新增外部知识增强模块,通过Attention-GCN模型获取编码文本的句法结构以及非线性关系,实现低成本的关系抽取,解决传统远程监督学习存在的长尾分布及噪声问题,提升关系抽取精度。实验结果表明,该方法在配电网运行信息关系抽取任务中表现优秀,相较于主流模型在精确率上提升6%。

初次妊娠女性孕期身体意象现状调查及影响因素分析

目的:调查分析初次妊娠女性孕期身体意象现状及其影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样对2023年1-10月本院产科门诊收治的孕妇为调查对象,采用电子问卷调查法进行孕期身体意象调查并分析影响因素。结果:回收问卷240份,剔除无效问卷7份,最终233份纳入数据分析,有效率94.2%。结果显示初次妊娠孕妇孕期身体意象得分为89.67±7.95分,与总分119比较偏中下;社会支持得分为36.64±17.15分,该得分与孕期身体意象得分呈负相关。多因素分析显示,社会支持度低、孕晚期、居住城市、配偶关系差为初次妊娠孕妇孕期身体意象得分的影响因素(P<0.001)。结论:本次调查的初次妊娠孕妇存在一定程度的身体意象失调,而城市居住、孕晚期、配偶关系较差及社会支持程度低是孕妇身体意象失调的原因。

基于Web of Science的癌症相关认知功能障碍研究热点及可视化分析

目的:分析癌症相关认知功能障碍(cancer-related cognitive impairment, CRCI)研究领域的研究现状、热点及前沿。方法:以Web of Science核心合集数据库为数据来源,检索建库至2022年12月31日CRCI的相关文献,利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对相关文献的国家、机构及关键词等进行分析。结果:共纳入2 093篇相关文献,发文量总体呈逐年增长趋势,美国、中国、荷兰是该领域发文量较多的国家,美国的加州大学系统、得克萨斯大学系统和哈佛大学是主要的研究机构,研究方向主要是肿瘤学和神经科学与神经病学,研究热点集中在CRCI病人认知功能与生活质量的研究、CRCI的发生机制、CRCI与疲乏及抑郁等症状负担的关系研究。研究前沿是CRCI的影响因素及评估方式。结论:近年来CRCI领域研究关注度逐年提高,以知识图谱的形式展示CRCI的研究热点及前沿趋势,可为今后国内相关研究提供借鉴。

基于思维导图的示错演示+角色体验教学法在护理操作中的应用

为探讨基于思维导图的示错演示+角色体验教学在护理操作实践教学中的应用价值,选取2023年来我院进行临床实践的60名实习护生作为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30人。观察组采用基于思维导图的示错演示+角色体验教学方法,对照组采用传统教学方法。教学完成后评价两组护生的操作考核成绩,1个月后评价两组护生对教学模式的满意度及临床带教教师对两组护生实习过程的满意度。实践表明,应用基于思维导图的示错演示+角色体验教学可以有效提高护生的操作技能、激发护生学习兴趣、提高护生对教学的满意度和人文关怀意识,教学效果显著。

野五育融合冶视域下学生多元化评价的内在逻辑与实践路径

基于“五育融合”的评价标准,是一种全新的评价教育质量体系。在“五育融合”视域下透视学生多元化评价,具有评价思维革新、评价目标调整、评价内容拓展、评价方式转型的内在逻辑。学生多元化评价具有推动学生个性化的全面发展、提升教师教学的胜任能力、助推学校特色的文化变革的独特价值意蕴。福建省厦门市大同小学基于学校“多元发展,和而不同”的核心理念,聚焦评价内容、评价方式、评价主体,开展“五育融合”视域下的评价,取得了一定实效。

Time-dependent Vibration Frequency Reliability Analysis of Blade Vibration of Compressor Wheel of Turbocharger for Vehicle Application

Blade vibration failure is one of the main failure modes of compressor wheel of turbocharger for vehicle application. The existing models for evaluating the reliability of blade vibration of compressor wheel are static, and can not reflect the relationship between the reliability of compressor wheel with blade vibration failure mode and the life parameter. For the blade vibration failure mode of compressor wheel of turbocharger, the reliability evaluation method is studied. Taking a compressor wheel of turbocharger for vehicle application as an example, the blade vibration characteristics and how they change with the operating parameters of turbocharger are analyzed. The failure criterion for blade vibration mode of compressor wheel is built with the Campbell diagram, and taking the effect of the dispersity of blade natural vibration frequency and randomness of turbocharger operating speed into account, time-dependent reliability models of compressor wheel with blade vibration failure mode are derived, which embody the parameters of blade natural vibration frequency, turbocharger operating speed, the blade number of compressor wheel, life index and minimum number of resonance, etc. Finally, the rule governing the reliability and failure rate of compressor wheel and the method for determining the reliable life of compressor with blade vibration is presented. A method is proposed to evaluate the reliability of compressor wheel with blade vibration failure mode time-dependently.

Application of Pyroligneous Acid in the Prevention and Control of Brown Blotch Disease in Pleurotus ostreatus

In the present study,agar diffusion test and field trials were carried out using a mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus)cultivar Shouyanping as the experimental material to determine the antibacterial activity of refined pyroligneous acid prepared from almond shell against Pseudomonas tolaasii and its effects on mycelial growth of mushroom.The results revealed that 1.25%,2.50%and 5.00%of refined pyroligneous acid obviously inhibited the occurrence of brown blotch disease in mushroom,but also greatly promoted mushroom mycelial growth.Therefore,1.25%and 2.50%of refined pyroligneous acid can be used in fields to prevent brown blotch disease,and 5.00%refined pyroligneous acid can be used to control the incidence of brown blotch disease when it widely occurs in fields.

Method for Evaluating the Reliability of Compressor Impeller of Turbocharger for Vehicle Application in Plateau Area

As turbocharging diesel engines for vehicle application are applied in plateau area, the environmental adaptability of engines has drawn more attention. For the environmental adaptability problem of turbocharging diesel engines for vehicle application, the present studies almost focus on the optimization of performance match between turbocharger and engine, and the reliability problem of turbocharger is almost ignored. The reliability problem of compressor impeller of turhocharger for vehicle application when diesel engines operate in plateau area is studied. Firstly, the rule that the rotational speed of turbocharger changes with the altitude height is presented, and the potential failure modes of compressor impeller are analyzed. Then, the failure behavior models of compressor impeller are built, and the reliability models of compressor impeller operating in plateau area are developed. Finally, the rule that the reliability of compressor impeller changes with the altitude height is studied, the measurements for improving the reliability of the compressor impellers of turbocharger operating in plateau area are given. The results indicate that when the operating speed of diesel engine is certain, the rotational speed of turbocharger increases with the increase of altitude height, and the failure risk of compressor impeller with the failure modes of hub fatigue and blade resonance increases. The reliability of compressor impeller decreases with the increase of altitude height, and it also decreases as the increase of number of the mission profile cycle of engine. The method proposed can not only be used to evaluating the reliability of compressor impeller when diesel engines operate in plateau area but also be applied to direct the structural optimization of compressor impeller.

肝激酶B1在小细胞肺癌中的表达及与患者临床特征的关系

目的探讨肝激酶B1(LKB1)在小细胞肺癌(SCLC)中的表达及与患者临床特征的关系。方法选取45例SCLC患者,取其SCLC组织及相应癌旁组织,采用免疫组化法检测LKB1蛋白的表达情况。比较不同临床特征SCLC患者SCLC组织中LKB1蛋白的表达情况。结果SCLC组织中LKB1蛋白的阳性表达率为71.1%,明显低于癌旁组织的95.6%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。不同性别、吸烟史SCLC患者SCLC组织中LKB1蛋白阳性表达率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);有淋巴结转移、TNM分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期SCLC患者SCLC组织中LKB1蛋白阳性表达率分别低于无淋巴结转移、TNM分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论LKB1蛋白在SCLC中低表达,其表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关,有望作为SCLC患者潜在的治疗靶点和预后评估指标。

Grain size characteristics and genesis of the Muxing loess in the Muling- Xingkai Plain,Northeast China

Thick loess is deposited on the platform in the piedmont zone of Muling-Xingkai Plain(Muxing Plain),but the genesis of the Muxing loess is still unclear.The aims of this study are to analyze the grain size characteristics of Muxing loess collected from the cores of a typical borehole(ZK1)in the piedmont zone of Muxing Plain,and to verify its genesis.The Muxing loess is mainly composed of the particles with diameter less than 50μm,with an average content of 92.48%.The coarse silt particles with diameter of 10-50μm are the basic composition of aeolian sediments,and their average content is 44.34% for the Muxing loess,which is the mode class among the particles with different diameters.The grain size parameters and frequency curves are similar to those of the typical aeolian sediments.The distribution characteristic of the Muxing loess in the C-M scatter diagram is consistent with that of the Xi Feng loess.In addition,the discriminant analysis shows the Muxing loess mostly consists of aeolian sediments.Therefore,it can be concluded that the Muxing loess mainly resulted from aeolian deposition based on the grain size characteristics.Muxing Plain is dominated by the monsoon climate,and the wind-blown dusts are gradually deposited after being transported over long distances.