印楝种子中柠檬苦素类成分及其抗菌活性研究

采用硅胶柱色谱、Pharmadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱以及HPLC色谱对印楝干燥种子95%乙醇提取物中的柠檬苦素类化合物进行分离纯化,并运用波谱方法对所分离的化合物进行结构鉴定,得到15个该类化合物:nimbocinol(1),17β-hydroxynimbocinol(2),1α,3α,7α-triacetylvilasinin(3),7α-benzoyltrichilinin(4),1,3-diacetyl-7-tigloyL^-12-hydroxyvilasinin(5),3-deacetylsalannin(6),1-O-acetyL^-1-detigloylsalannin (7),2’(R),3’-dihydrosalannin (8),2’(S),3’-dihydrosalannin (9),2,3-dihydronimbolide (10),6-homodesacetylnimbin (11),gedunin (12),7-deacetyl-7-epi-dihydrogedunin (13),7-deacetoxy-7α-hydroxygedunin(14)和nimbinene(15)。化合物7为新天然产物,化合物4,8,9,13和14为首次从印楝属中分离得到。在体外抗菌活性筛选中,化合物2对大肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌具有一定抑制活性,MIC分别为32,128 mg·L^-1。化合物10对表皮葡萄球菌有中等抑制活性,MIC为64 mg·L^-1。化合物11对大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌有一定抗菌活性,MIC为128 mg·L^-1。化合物15对绿脓杆菌有一定抑菌活性,MIC为128 mg·L^-1。

A review:biosynthesis of plant-derived labdane-related diterpenoids

Plant-derived labdane-related diterpenoids(LRDs)represent a large group of terpenoids.LRDs possess either a labdane-type bicyclic core structure or more complex ring systems derived from labdane-type skeletons,such as abietane,pimarane,kaurane,etc.Due to their various pharmaceutical activities and unique properties,many of LRDs have been widely used in pharmaceutical,food and perfume industries.Biosynthesis of various LRDs has been extensively studied,leading to characterization of a large number of new biosynthetic enzymes.The biosynthetic pathways of important LRDs and the relevant enzymes(especially diterpene synthases and cytochrome P450 enzymes)were summarized in this review.