The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of different vegetable oils [red palm olein (RPO), palm olein (PO), corn oil (CO) and coconut oil (COC)] on lipid profile in rat. Sixty six Sprague Dawley male ra...The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of different vegetable oils [red palm olein (RPO), palm olein (PO), corn oil (CO) and coconut oil (COC)] on lipid profile in rat. Sixty six Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into eleven groups of 6 rats per group and were treated with 15% concentrations of RPO, PO, CO and COC for 4 and 8 weeks. Rats in control group were given normal rat pellet only while in treated groups 15% of additional vegetable oils were given. The results at 4 weeks showed a decline in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) values at RPO and PO groups whereas in CO and COC groups the LDL-C were increased compared to the control group. The High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) values increased in RPO and PO groups whereas it was declined in CO and COC groups compared to the control group. At 8 weeks, there was no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in HDL-C of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. However, the LDL-C in RPO and PO was significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the LDL-C and there was no significant difference (P≥0.05) for CO and COC groups compared to the control groups. The mean value of the LDL-C after 8 weeks in the control group, RPO, PO, CO, and COC groups were 66.1 mg/dl, 31.9 mg/dl, 41.1 mg/dl, 50.41 mg/dl and 54.31 mg/dl respectively. There was significant decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the total cholesterol (TC) in RPO group for 4 weeks compared to the control group while the TC in PO, CO and COC were within the normal range. The results of TC in all treated rats for 8 weeks were within the normal range. There was no significant difference in TC of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. Triglycerides (TG) in all treated rats for 4 weeks were within the normal range whereas the TG in RPO, PO and CO groups for 8 weeks were significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group but there was no significant difference between the control group and COC group.展开更多
This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status and physical activities of university students that enrolled in military training with the age range of 20 - 34 years. Nutritional status assessment was base...This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status and physical activities of university students that enrolled in military training with the age range of 20 - 34 years. Nutritional status assessment was based on eating habit questionnaires, anthropometric measurements with body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), food intake records for three days and also food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Assessment of physical activities was carried out using physical activities records. Food intake and physical activities data were analyzed using the Nutri-Antro Web (NAW) software. Generally, the subjects were found to have good nutrition knowledge and food intake habits, except for having an irregular meal time (85.0%). Based on BMI studies, 80.0% of male subjects and 78.6% of female subjects were within normal range with the average of 22.94 ± 2.97 kg/m2 and 21.40 ± 3.06 kg/m2 respectively. None of the subjects had WHR above the cut-off point of 1.0 for men and 0.85 for women. The average energy intake for male and female was 2589 ± 687 kcal and 1959 ± 460 kcal respectively. Overall, nutrient intake of both genders fulfilled Malaysia Recommended Nutrient Intake 2005 (RNI) except for the average energy intake of the female subjects. The daily physiccal activities patterns revealed that 73.6% was used for light activities, 19.7% for moderate while 7.4% for heavy activities. The average daily energy expenditure for male subjects (3161 ± 444 kcal) was higher than the female subjects (2492 ± 388 kcal). Both male and female subjects have negative energy balance of -572 kcal and -533 kcal respecttively. Majority of the subjects were categorized as physically active (77.9%). Pearson correlation test showed that physical activities were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with BMI, WHR and nutrient intakes except for the intake of vitamin C. In conclusion, nutritional status and physical activity level of subjects were satisfactory.展开更多
文摘The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of different vegetable oils [red palm olein (RPO), palm olein (PO), corn oil (CO) and coconut oil (COC)] on lipid profile in rat. Sixty six Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into eleven groups of 6 rats per group and were treated with 15% concentrations of RPO, PO, CO and COC for 4 and 8 weeks. Rats in control group were given normal rat pellet only while in treated groups 15% of additional vegetable oils were given. The results at 4 weeks showed a decline in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) values at RPO and PO groups whereas in CO and COC groups the LDL-C were increased compared to the control group. The High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) values increased in RPO and PO groups whereas it was declined in CO and COC groups compared to the control group. At 8 weeks, there was no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in HDL-C of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. However, the LDL-C in RPO and PO was significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the LDL-C and there was no significant difference (P≥0.05) for CO and COC groups compared to the control groups. The mean value of the LDL-C after 8 weeks in the control group, RPO, PO, CO, and COC groups were 66.1 mg/dl, 31.9 mg/dl, 41.1 mg/dl, 50.41 mg/dl and 54.31 mg/dl respectively. There was significant decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the total cholesterol (TC) in RPO group for 4 weeks compared to the control group while the TC in PO, CO and COC were within the normal range. The results of TC in all treated rats for 8 weeks were within the normal range. There was no significant difference in TC of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. Triglycerides (TG) in all treated rats for 4 weeks were within the normal range whereas the TG in RPO, PO and CO groups for 8 weeks were significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group but there was no significant difference between the control group and COC group.
文摘This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status and physical activities of university students that enrolled in military training with the age range of 20 - 34 years. Nutritional status assessment was based on eating habit questionnaires, anthropometric measurements with body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), food intake records for three days and also food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Assessment of physical activities was carried out using physical activities records. Food intake and physical activities data were analyzed using the Nutri-Antro Web (NAW) software. Generally, the subjects were found to have good nutrition knowledge and food intake habits, except for having an irregular meal time (85.0%). Based on BMI studies, 80.0% of male subjects and 78.6% of female subjects were within normal range with the average of 22.94 ± 2.97 kg/m2 and 21.40 ± 3.06 kg/m2 respectively. None of the subjects had WHR above the cut-off point of 1.0 for men and 0.85 for women. The average energy intake for male and female was 2589 ± 687 kcal and 1959 ± 460 kcal respectively. Overall, nutrient intake of both genders fulfilled Malaysia Recommended Nutrient Intake 2005 (RNI) except for the average energy intake of the female subjects. The daily physiccal activities patterns revealed that 73.6% was used for light activities, 19.7% for moderate while 7.4% for heavy activities. The average daily energy expenditure for male subjects (3161 ± 444 kcal) was higher than the female subjects (2492 ± 388 kcal). Both male and female subjects have negative energy balance of -572 kcal and -533 kcal respecttively. Majority of the subjects were categorized as physically active (77.9%). Pearson correlation test showed that physical activities were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with BMI, WHR and nutrient intakes except for the intake of vitamin C. In conclusion, nutritional status and physical activity level of subjects were satisfactory.
