Pressure-Controlled Inverse Ratio Ventilation during General Anesthesia for Open Abdominal Surgery Improves Postoperative Pulmonary Function

Background: Studies have shown that pressure-controlled ventilation improves alveolar gas distribution. And inverse ratio ventilation has advantages of improving oxygenation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. However, the effects that pressure-controlled inverse ration ventilation in patients undergoes endotracheal intubation general anesthesia have not been assessed. Objective: To investigate whether pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation (PIV) would improve ventilatory and oxygenation parameters as well as lung function compared to conventional ventilation in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery. Interventions: In the conventional ventilation (CV) group, the ventilation strategy involved zero end-expiratory pressure and volume-controlled ventilation. In the pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation (PIV) group, the strategy involved P high starting at 7 cm H2O, P low starting at 4 cm H2O, T high at 4 s, T low at 2 s, and an inspiratory-to-expiratory time ratio of 2:1. The ΔP value was adjusted according to VT. Pressure levels were increased by 2 cm H2O until a maximal VT was observed. Inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2) was 1.0 and tidal volume (VT) was 6 mL/kg in both groups. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome is pulmonary function tests. Hemodynamic, ventilatory and oxygenation parameters were measured;visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and nausea and vomiting scores were also measured. Results: The PIV group tolerated pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation without significant hemodynamic instability. Mean airway pressure and static compliance were significantly higher in the PIV group than those in CV group (P P 2 h was well tolerated and improved respiratory compliance and lung function on the first postoperative day.

基于光致变色荧光粉发光可逆调控和颜色对比的光存储和防伪应用

光致变色和光致发光是两种有趣的光学现象,它们在单一材料中的结合可以应用于多级防伪和光学记忆存储等器件.然而,在双光刺激下开发一种同时具有光致变色和光致发光的材料是一个挑战.本工作利用缺陷诱导色心的形成制备了光致变色SrWO_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+),Bi^(3+)荧光粉,在254 nm紫外光和473 nm激光交替照射下,获得了从白色到暗黄色的可逆光致变色.SrWO_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+),Bi^(3+)的光致变色效应引起了可逆光致发光调控.基于相应的颜色对比和发光强度变化,实现了SrWO_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+),Bi^(3+)荧光粉的光存储和防伪应用.在实际应用中,柔性SrWO_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+),Bi^(3+)薄膜作为一种很有前途的替代材料,既能满足多样化的要求又能提高安全性,有望促进光致变色发光调控的研究.

飞秒激光辐照诱导光致变色玻璃中的上转换发光可逆调控和3D光学信息存储

快速响应、高发光对比度、三维存储和信息无损读取是光致变色材料光存储应用的几个关键因素.具有多光子非线性吸收的飞秒激光直写技术以其加工速度快、加工精度高等独特优势,正成为玻璃三维空间微加工功能单元的有效工具.本工作研究了800 nm飞秒激光照射下稀土离子掺杂透明玻璃的光致变色性质,结果证实在800 nm飞秒激光辐照下玻璃展现了快速光致变色响应.在光致变色玻璃中实现了92%的上转换发光调控.光致变色玻璃可通过热刺激漂白回原色,在800 nm飞秒激光辐照和热处理交替刺激下,光致变色玻璃的透射率和上转换调控表现出良好的重现性.通过800 nm飞秒激光照射,可将数据信息写入透明玻璃内部,实现三维信息存储.结果表明,800 nm飞秒激光辐照诱导的光致变色玻璃是理想的光学数据存储介质.