Untethered motile micro/nanorobots(MNRs)that can operate in hard-to-reach small space and perform noninvasive tasks in cellular level hold bright future in healthcare,nanomanufacturing,biosensing,and environmental rem...Untethered motile micro/nanorobots(MNRs)that can operate in hard-to-reach small space and perform noninvasive tasks in cellular level hold bright future in healthcare,nanomanufacturing,biosensing,and environmental remediation.Light,as a flexible encoding method with tunable freedom of intensity,wavelength,polarization,and propagation direction,endows unique spatialtemporal precision and dexterity to the manipulation of MNRs.Meanwhile,light has been extensively investigated as functional signals in bioimaging,phototherapy,as well as photoelectrochemical reactions.The hybridization of light and other actuation method ushers in novel MNRs with broadened design space,improved controllability,and advanced functionality.In this review,the fundamental mechanisms of light-driven MNRs will be revisited.On top of it,light hybrid systems,coupling with magnetic,electric,chemical,or ultrasound field,will be reviewed,with light for propulsion or as functional signal.The rational hybridization of multiple stimulus in MNRs not only promises simple combination of two driving forces,but more importantly,motivates rethinking of light-driven MNRs for unprecedented applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22005119,21731002,and 21975104)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515110404)+5 种基金Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202102020444)Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Research(No.2019B030302009)the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(RGC)General Research Fund(Nos.GRF17305917,GRF17303015,and GRF17304618)the Seed Funding for Interdisciplinary Research(University of Hong Kong)the Science Technology and Innovation Program of Shenzhen(No.JCYJ20170818141618963)the ShenzhenHong Kong Innovation Circle Program(No.SGDX2019081623341332).
文摘Untethered motile micro/nanorobots(MNRs)that can operate in hard-to-reach small space and perform noninvasive tasks in cellular level hold bright future in healthcare,nanomanufacturing,biosensing,and environmental remediation.Light,as a flexible encoding method with tunable freedom of intensity,wavelength,polarization,and propagation direction,endows unique spatialtemporal precision and dexterity to the manipulation of MNRs.Meanwhile,light has been extensively investigated as functional signals in bioimaging,phototherapy,as well as photoelectrochemical reactions.The hybridization of light and other actuation method ushers in novel MNRs with broadened design space,improved controllability,and advanced functionality.In this review,the fundamental mechanisms of light-driven MNRs will be revisited.On top of it,light hybrid systems,coupling with magnetic,electric,chemical,or ultrasound field,will be reviewed,with light for propulsion or as functional signal.The rational hybridization of multiple stimulus in MNRs not only promises simple combination of two driving forces,but more importantly,motivates rethinking of light-driven MNRs for unprecedented applications.
