Twelve family members with tetramine poisoning after consumption of vegetables grown in polluted soils

The main toxic component of tetramine is tetramethylenedisulfotetramine(TETS).It is a sulfonamide derivative without special antidote,tasteless and tasteless,with high toxicity and high mortality.[1]It was first discovered by a German scientist Hagen in 1949.Although its use has been banned worldwide due to its high toxicity and mortality rate,it is still available in certain countries and has led to cases of intentional and unintentional poisoning.Tetramine blocksγ-neurons,leading to dizziness,fatigue,nausea,vomiting,convulsions,and other symptoms.[2-4]Due to the lack of recognized effective antidotes,many poisoned people suff ocate and die as a result of continuous spasms of the respiratory muscles.[5-7]Tetramine poisoning sometimes occurs,but it is rare for vegetables grown in tetraminecontaminated soil to cause group poisoning after being eaten.

Dynamic observation of bone marrow suppression and chromosomal aberrations in patients with acute colchicine poisoning

Colchicine is a neutral lipophilic tricyclic alkaloid toxic to human cells containing tubulin,[1-2]and primarily stops the proliferation of active cells in the mitotic metaphase,such as intestinal mucosal cells and hematopoietic cells.It is widely used in treating gout and familial Mediterranean fever,while it is also used in establishing animal and plant experimental model.[3]In the recent study,treatment of patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)with colchicine may prove a viable path.[4]The course of colchicine poisoning can be divided into three stages,[5]and most of the patients died in the second stage(2-7 d,the multiple organ injury stage).The cause of death was heart failure[6]and bone marrow hematopoietic failure in the terminal phase.[7]Hematopoiesis is a classic sign of colchicine poisoning.Many cases of colchicine poisoning have been comprehensively reported,and the target organs included heart,digestive tract,muscle,lung,kidney,hematopoietic system,etc.[8-11]This study aimed to investigate the injury of bone marrow hematopoietic system after colchicine poisoning and evaluate the therapeutic effect of bone marrow hematopoietic stimulation drugs.

Chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic:Case series

BACKGROUND Misuse of disinfectants during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to several poisoning incidents.However,there are few clinical case reports on poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants.AIM To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment effects of chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of hypochlorite bleach with acidic cleaning agents.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed baseline and clinical data,clinical symptoms,and treatment methods of seven patients with chlorine poisoning who were admitted to the National Army Poisoning Treatment Center.RESULTS Among the seven patients,the average poisoning time(exposure to admission)was 57 h(4-240 h).All patients were involved in cleaning bathrooms.Chest computed tomography scans revealed bilateral lung effusions or inflammatory changes in five patients.The partial pressure of oxygen decreased in six patients,and respiratory failure occurred in one.Five patients had different degrees of increase in white blood cell count.Humidified oxygen therapy,non-invasive mechanical ventilation,anti-inflammatory corticosteroids,antioxidants,and antibiotics were administered for treatment.The average length of hospital stay was 7 d(4-9 d).All seven patients recovered and were discharged.CONCLUSION Improper mixing of household disinfectants may cause damage to the respiratory system due to chlorine poisoning.Corticosteroids may improve lung exudation in severe cases,and symptomatic supportive treatment should be performed early.