Combat training is a necessary requirement under the new situation to expand our military missions and tasks. For this principle of the requirements, it must not be mechanically rigid to be understood and implemented,...Combat training is a necessary requirement under the new situation to expand our military missions and tasks. For this principle of the requirements, it must not be mechanically rigid to be understood and implemented, we need to seriously understand and grasp the essence of the meaning. Overall, the primitive nature of the combat training, including realistic, confrontational, diversity and experimental features, can answer the question of what combat training is, why and how to do the fundamental issues from different angles, and explain the nature of the characteristics of combat training from general and universal of angle.展开更多
Calcium fluoride is widely used in optical lithography lenses and causes retardation that cannot be ignored.However,few studies have been conducted to compensate for the retardation caused by calcium fluoride in optic...Calcium fluoride is widely used in optical lithography lenses and causes retardation that cannot be ignored.However,few studies have been conducted to compensate for the retardation caused by calcium fluoride in optical lithography systems.In this Letter,a new index based on orientation Zernike polynomials is established to describe the value of retardation.Then,a method of retardation compensation is described.The method is implemented by clocking calcium fluoride lens elements,and the optimal rotation angles are calculated using a population-based stochastic optimization algorithm.Finally,an example is provided to validate the method.展开更多
文摘Combat training is a necessary requirement under the new situation to expand our military missions and tasks. For this principle of the requirements, it must not be mechanically rigid to be understood and implemented, we need to seriously understand and grasp the essence of the meaning. Overall, the primitive nature of the combat training, including realistic, confrontational, diversity and experimental features, can answer the question of what combat training is, why and how to do the fundamental issues from different angles, and explain the nature of the characteristics of combat training from general and universal of angle.
文摘Calcium fluoride is widely used in optical lithography lenses and causes retardation that cannot be ignored.However,few studies have been conducted to compensate for the retardation caused by calcium fluoride in optical lithography systems.In this Letter,a new index based on orientation Zernike polynomials is established to describe the value of retardation.Then,a method of retardation compensation is described.The method is implemented by clocking calcium fluoride lens elements,and the optimal rotation angles are calculated using a population-based stochastic optimization algorithm.Finally,an example is provided to validate the method.
