To distinguish Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mycobacterium avium, specific M. tuberculosis antigens had been studied for improving the early differential diagnosis effect of tuberculosis caused by different Mycobact...To distinguish Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mycobacterium avium, specific M. tuberculosis antigens had been studied for improving the early differential diagnosis effect of tuberculosis caused by different Mycobacterium. The rabbit anti-M. avium sera and anti-M. tuberculosis sera were analyzed for antibody-based reactivity by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF Mass) against M. tuberculosis proteins. The immunoreactive spots, which were attributed to the proteins HspX, GroES and CFP-10, were mostly located at 10 - 60 kDa and PI 4 - 6, subsequently Western blotting result proved that HspX and CFP-10 were specific to M. tuberculosis and ELISA testing result of 30 M. avium positive sera showed that GroES were cross-reactive to M. avium. Lastly, positive and negative tuberculosis reference sera and based on the mechanism of indirect ELISA, the specificity and the sensitivity of the methods targeting the antibodies HspX, GroES or CFP-10 were evaluated at 37% and 26%, 12% and 97%, 81% and 98%, respectively. The combination of these three antibody detection methods allowed to reached a specificity of 42%, and of 39% without taken into account of the method targeting the GroES antibody. Using proteomics approach, we found three M. tuberculosis specific antigens showed good potential in tuberculosis diagnosis, providing basic study for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.展开更多
AIM:To observe the effect of vincristine on hepatitis B virus(HBV) replication in vitro and to study its possible mechanisms.METHODS:Vincristine was added to the cultures of two cell lines stably expressing HBV.Then,t...AIM:To observe the effect of vincristine on hepatitis B virus(HBV) replication in vitro and to study its possible mechanisms.METHODS:Vincristine was added to the cultures of two cell lines stably expressing HBV.Then,the levels of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag),hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag),and hepatitis B core antigen(HBc Ag) in the supernatants or cytoplasm were examined using by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot.The HBV pregenome RNA(pg RNA) was detected using reverse transcription-PCR and realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-q PCR),and viral DNA was detected using Southern blot and RT-q PCR.Cell proliferation after drug treatment was detected using the Brd U incorporation test and the trypan blue exclusion assay.Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry and Western blot.RESULTS:Vincristine up-regulated HBV replication directly in vitro in a dose-dependent manner,and 24-h exposure to 0.1 μmol/L vincristine induced more than 4-fold and 3-fold increases in intracellular HBV DNA and the secretion of viral DNA,respectively.The expression of HBV pg RNA,intracellular HBs Ag and HBc Ag,and the secretion of HBe Ag were also increased significantly after drug treatment.Most importantly,vincristine promoted the cell excretion of HBV nucleocapsids instead of HBV Dane particles,and the nucleocapsids are closely related to the HBV pathogenesis.Furthermore,vincristine inhibited the proliferation of cells stably expressing HBV.The higher the concentration of the drug,the more significant the inhibition of the cell proliferation and the stronger the HBV replication ability in cells.Flow cytometry indicated that cell cycle arrest at S-phase was responsible for the cell proliferation inhibition.CONCLUSION:Vincristine has a strong stimulatory effect on HBV replication and induces cell cycle arrest,and cell proliferation inhibition may be conducive to viral replication.展开更多
本文的目的是在大数据框架下,系统地陈述了如何利用吉布斯抽样(Gibbs sam pling)方法作为工具,以样本误差容忍度为标准的大数据关联特征因子提取的推断原理为基础,在金融衍生品场景下对关联风险特征进行有效提取的思维和路径.具体来讲,...本文的目的是在大数据框架下,系统地陈述了如何利用吉布斯抽样(Gibbs sam pling)方法作为工具,以样本误差容忍度为标准的大数据关联特征因子提取的推断原理为基础,在金融衍生品场景下对关联风险特征进行有效提取的思维和路径.具体来讲,采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)框架下的吉布斯抽样(Gibbs sampling)算法为工具,通过"OR值"(odds ratio)(也称为"比值比"或"优势比")为验证标准,在大数据(包含传统的结构化和非结构化数据)一般框架下对高度关联特征因子提取推断的原理下,系统性地陈述了如何从海量数据中提取与金融衍生品价格或者风险关联度高的风险特征因子的随机搜索方法.为了能够比较全面地展示如何利用吉布斯抽样方法通过随机搜索算法来实现对金融衍生品风险特征的提取,在本文中,我们对三种金融产品的关联特征提取进行了比较全面和系统的讨论,他们是:1)对支持"基金中的基金"(fund of funds,简称"FOF")组建的影响基金业绩关联特征的挖掘;2)对影响大宗商品期货螺纹钢价格趋势变化的关联特征指标的挖掘;3)对影响大宗商品期货铜价格趋势分析的关联特征刻画的提取.本文的分析和实证结果表明,我们在大数据框架下建立的特征提取方法除了能够有效地筛选出刻画影响基金业绩的关联特征外,也够提取出影响螺纹钢期货和铜期货价格趋势变化的关联特征,这为业界对FOF的组建与管理,对应金融衍生品价格变化走势,特别是大宗期货交易和风险管理方面提供了一种新的分析维度和风险特征因子应用方向.另外,本文讨论的从大数据的视角筛选金融衍生品风险特征因子的方法,也与过去传统的计量分析方法不同,是金融科技在大数据金融方面分析和应用的创新点.展开更多
文摘To distinguish Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mycobacterium avium, specific M. tuberculosis antigens had been studied for improving the early differential diagnosis effect of tuberculosis caused by different Mycobacterium. The rabbit anti-M. avium sera and anti-M. tuberculosis sera were analyzed for antibody-based reactivity by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF Mass) against M. tuberculosis proteins. The immunoreactive spots, which were attributed to the proteins HspX, GroES and CFP-10, were mostly located at 10 - 60 kDa and PI 4 - 6, subsequently Western blotting result proved that HspX and CFP-10 were specific to M. tuberculosis and ELISA testing result of 30 M. avium positive sera showed that GroES were cross-reactive to M. avium. Lastly, positive and negative tuberculosis reference sera and based on the mechanism of indirect ELISA, the specificity and the sensitivity of the methods targeting the antibodies HspX, GroES or CFP-10 were evaluated at 37% and 26%, 12% and 97%, 81% and 98%, respectively. The combination of these three antibody detection methods allowed to reached a specificity of 42%, and of 39% without taken into account of the method targeting the GroES antibody. Using proteomics approach, we found three M. tuberculosis specific antigens showed good potential in tuberculosis diagnosis, providing basic study for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81201282 and No.30901280Grants from Chongqing Natural Science Foundation,No.cstc2012jj A10047the PhD Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China,No.20125503120004
文摘AIM:To observe the effect of vincristine on hepatitis B virus(HBV) replication in vitro and to study its possible mechanisms.METHODS:Vincristine was added to the cultures of two cell lines stably expressing HBV.Then,the levels of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag),hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag),and hepatitis B core antigen(HBc Ag) in the supernatants or cytoplasm were examined using by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot.The HBV pregenome RNA(pg RNA) was detected using reverse transcription-PCR and realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-q PCR),and viral DNA was detected using Southern blot and RT-q PCR.Cell proliferation after drug treatment was detected using the Brd U incorporation test and the trypan blue exclusion assay.Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry and Western blot.RESULTS:Vincristine up-regulated HBV replication directly in vitro in a dose-dependent manner,and 24-h exposure to 0.1 μmol/L vincristine induced more than 4-fold and 3-fold increases in intracellular HBV DNA and the secretion of viral DNA,respectively.The expression of HBV pg RNA,intracellular HBs Ag and HBc Ag,and the secretion of HBe Ag were also increased significantly after drug treatment.Most importantly,vincristine promoted the cell excretion of HBV nucleocapsids instead of HBV Dane particles,and the nucleocapsids are closely related to the HBV pathogenesis.Furthermore,vincristine inhibited the proliferation of cells stably expressing HBV.The higher the concentration of the drug,the more significant the inhibition of the cell proliferation and the stronger the HBV replication ability in cells.Flow cytometry indicated that cell cycle arrest at S-phase was responsible for the cell proliferation inhibition.CONCLUSION:Vincristine has a strong stimulatory effect on HBV replication and induces cell cycle arrest,and cell proliferation inhibition may be conducive to viral replication.
文摘本文的目的是在大数据框架下,系统地陈述了如何利用吉布斯抽样(Gibbs sam pling)方法作为工具,以样本误差容忍度为标准的大数据关联特征因子提取的推断原理为基础,在金融衍生品场景下对关联风险特征进行有效提取的思维和路径.具体来讲,采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)框架下的吉布斯抽样(Gibbs sampling)算法为工具,通过"OR值"(odds ratio)(也称为"比值比"或"优势比")为验证标准,在大数据(包含传统的结构化和非结构化数据)一般框架下对高度关联特征因子提取推断的原理下,系统性地陈述了如何从海量数据中提取与金融衍生品价格或者风险关联度高的风险特征因子的随机搜索方法.为了能够比较全面地展示如何利用吉布斯抽样方法通过随机搜索算法来实现对金融衍生品风险特征的提取,在本文中,我们对三种金融产品的关联特征提取进行了比较全面和系统的讨论,他们是:1)对支持"基金中的基金"(fund of funds,简称"FOF")组建的影响基金业绩关联特征的挖掘;2)对影响大宗商品期货螺纹钢价格趋势变化的关联特征指标的挖掘;3)对影响大宗商品期货铜价格趋势分析的关联特征刻画的提取.本文的分析和实证结果表明,我们在大数据框架下建立的特征提取方法除了能够有效地筛选出刻画影响基金业绩的关联特征外,也够提取出影响螺纹钢期货和铜期货价格趋势变化的关联特征,这为业界对FOF的组建与管理,对应金融衍生品价格变化走势,特别是大宗期货交易和风险管理方面提供了一种新的分析维度和风险特征因子应用方向.另外,本文讨论的从大数据的视角筛选金融衍生品风险特征因子的方法,也与过去传统的计量分析方法不同,是金融科技在大数据金融方面分析和应用的创新点.
