As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the e...As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the early 1990s, China has begun to implement the paid use and formed an institutional system comprised of three levels after developing it for more than two decades. From 2002 to 2015, the Chinese Government transferred the use right of sea area of 33,910 km2 by paid use and levied a total of 75.89 billion CNY (11.328 billion US dollars) of sea area use payment. Apart from this, the Government has gained rich experience in operating and managing the compensable use of sea area. After retrospectively analyzing the development history of paid use of China’s sea area, the research presents an institutional structure and the implementation of the management system for the paid use of sea area and the main problems therein. On this basis, management policies and feasible policy suggestions are proposed. Research results from this study can provide available references for other developing countries and emerging economies to apply and improve native management system for the paid use of sea area.展开更多
On the basis of making clear diversity characteristics of soil functions and multiple characteristics of income, this paper points out that the monetization of soil functions based functional maintenance and change de...On the basis of making clear diversity characteristics of soil functions and multiple characteristics of income, this paper points out that the monetization of soil functions based functional maintenance and change decision process can be regarded as a game process of different utilization methods at the background of different functions. The balance of this game process will determine monetary value of soil functions. After understanding money and monetization concepts, it introduces that measurability and exchangeability of soil functions provide objective conditions for monetization of soil functions. Finally, it discusses that usefulness value of soil functions provide basis for monetization of soil functions.展开更多
文摘As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the early 1990s, China has begun to implement the paid use and formed an institutional system comprised of three levels after developing it for more than two decades. From 2002 to 2015, the Chinese Government transferred the use right of sea area of 33,910 km2 by paid use and levied a total of 75.89 billion CNY (11.328 billion US dollars) of sea area use payment. Apart from this, the Government has gained rich experience in operating and managing the compensable use of sea area. After retrospectively analyzing the development history of paid use of China’s sea area, the research presents an institutional structure and the implementation of the management system for the paid use of sea area and the main problems therein. On this basis, management policies and feasible policy suggestions are proposed. Research results from this study can provide available references for other developing countries and emerging economies to apply and improve native management system for the paid use of sea area.
基金Supported by Hebei Provincial Social Science Foundation Project in 2012(HB12YJ055)
文摘On the basis of making clear diversity characteristics of soil functions and multiple characteristics of income, this paper points out that the monetization of soil functions based functional maintenance and change decision process can be regarded as a game process of different utilization methods at the background of different functions. The balance of this game process will determine monetary value of soil functions. After understanding money and monetization concepts, it introduces that measurability and exchangeability of soil functions provide objective conditions for monetization of soil functions. Finally, it discusses that usefulness value of soil functions provide basis for monetization of soil functions.
