Study on the Effect of Multi-Type Current Transformers Hybrid Operation on Differential Protection of the Bus Based on Dynamic Simulation

This paper analyzes characteristics of multi type current transformers hybrid operation for each branch of the bus and their effects on differential protection of the bus. By theoretically analyzing transmission characteristics of multi type current transformers and their influence factors, we study the dynamic model testing method of multi type current transformers for the bus, and design 3 kinds of testing schemes by making the equivalent model based on the field of P-level current transformer, TPY-level current transformer and electronic current transformer, and build the hybrid operation testing platform of multi type current transformers. Finally, we compare and analyze the transmission characteristics difference of multi type current transformers on the same branch and the characteristics difference of hybrid operation in two successive external faults, analyze the cause behind the differences, and put forward the corresponding improvement measures.

Single-end Protection Scheme Based on Transient Power Waveshape for Hybrid HVDC Transmission Lines

The recent in-depth development of hybrid highvoltage direct current(HVDC) transmission systems poses looming adaptability challenges to protection. The various and disparate direct current(DC) transmission topologies can profoundly affect the operating characteristics of DC transmission networks, which result in the lack of performance of conventional DC protection schemes in such topologies. This significantly limits the application of hybrid HVDC technologies. This paper proposes a single-end protection scheme based on the transient power waveshape for fast and sensitive detection and classification of different types of DC faults in hybrid HVDC transmission lines. The fault characteristics and their causes under different fault conditions are analyzed in detail with a pre-introduced linearized transient model of a hybrid HVDC transmission system, demonstrating that the formation of the fluctuation characteristics of local measurements is mainly determined by the buffering and absorption effects of lumped-parameter reactors on transient traveling-wave(TW) energy. Simulation results verify the sensitivity, rapidity, reliability, and anti-interference ability of the proposed scheme when applied to hybrid HVDC transmission lines. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the proposed scheme is adaptable to symmetric voltage-sourced converter(VSC) and conventional line-commutated converter(LCC) based HVDC transmission lines.

AC fault ride through control strategy on inverter side of hybrid HVDC transmission systems

Hybrid high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission systems employ a new type of HVDC transmission topology that combines the advantages of the linecommutated converter system and the voltage-source converter system.They can improve the efficiency and reliability of long-distance power transmission.However,realizing alternating-current(AC)grid-fault ride through on the inverter side of a hybrid HVDC transmission system is a challenge considering that a voltage-source converter based HVDC(VSC-HVDC)is used on the inverter side.In this study,a control strategy for an overvoltage fixed trigger angle based on the power-balance method is developed by fully utilizing the operation characteristics of a hybrid HVDC transmission system.The strategy reduces the inverter-side overvoltage of the HVDC system under a fault in the inverter-side AC system.Simulations based on Gezhou Dam are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Hierarchical protection control system of smart substations

This paper analyzes the problems of the relay protections and secondary circuits of traditional substations,and introduces the hierarchical protection and control system of smart substations based on the technologies like IEC 61850 Standard,electronic instrument transformer,process level network,and wide area optical fiber communication network,etc.The hierarchical protection and control system includes three levels:local area protection,substation area protection and control,and wide area protection and control.These three levels are combined to solve the problems of the relay protections in traditional substations,thus improving protection performance and control capability of the system.