The fish brain is crucial for adjusting to environmental changes.Metabolic changes play a vital role in the adaptation to salinity change in aquatic animals.However,few studies have evaluated the responses of the fish...The fish brain is crucial for adjusting to environmental changes.Metabolic changes play a vital role in the adaptation to salinity change in aquatic animals.However,few studies have evaluated the responses of the fish brain to salinity changes.To evaluate the response to various salinities,spotted scat(Scatophagus argus)was cultured in water with salinity levels of 5(low salinity:LS),25(control group:Ctrl),and 35(high salinity group:HS)for 22 days.The brain transcriptome was analyzed.In total,1698 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified between the HS and Ctrl groups,and 841 DEGs were identified between the LS and Ctrl groups.KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs in the HS vs.Ctrl comparison were involved in steroid biosynthesis,terpenoid backbone biosynthesis,fatty acid biosynthesis,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,other types of O-glycan biosynthesis,and fatty acid metabolism.Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,one carbon pool by folate,steroid biosynthesis,and cysteine and methionine metabolism were significantly enriched in the LS vs.Ctrl comparison.Additionally,the genes related to metabolism(acc,fas,hmgcr,hmgcs1,mvd,soat1,nsdhl,sqle,cel,fdft1,dnmt3a and mtr)were significantly up-regulated in the HS vs.Ctrl comparison.The genes related to metabolism(lipa,sqle,acc,fas,bhmt,mpst,dnmt3a,mtr,hao2,LOC111225351 and hmgcs1)were significantly up-regulated,while hmgcr and soat1 were significantly down-regulated in the LS vs.Ctrl compparison.These results suggest that salinity stress affects signaling pathways and genes’expressions involved in metabolic processes in the brain,and the differences in metabolism play an important role in adaptation to hyperhaline or hypohaline environments in spotted scat.This research provides a comprehensive overview of transcriptional changes in the brain under hyperhaline or hypohaline conditions,which is helpful to understand the mechanisms underlying salinity adaptation in euryhaline fishes.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to examine the trends in stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults in China.Methods Data were obtained from the China national vital registration system.Significant changes in mort...Objective This study aimed to examine the trends in stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults in China.Methods Data were obtained from the China national vital registration system.Significant changes in mortality were assessed by Joinpoint regression.Age-period-cohort analysis was used to explain the reasons for the changes.Future mortality and counts were predicted by the Bayesian age-period-cohort model.Results Between 2002 and 2019,a total of 6,253,951 stroke mortality in young and middle-aged adults were recorded.The age-adjusted mortality rates(AAMRs)of women showed a downward trend.The annual percent changes(APC)were-3.5%(-5.2%,-1.7%)for urban women and-2.8%(-3.7%,-1.9%)for rural women.By contrast,the AAMRs per 100,000 for rural men aged 25–44 years continued to rise from 9.40 to 15.46.The AAMRS for urban men aged 25–44 years and urban and rural men aged 45–64years did not change significantly.Between 2020 and 2030,the projected stroke deaths are 1,423,584 in men and 401,712 in women.Conclusion Significant sex and age disparities in the trends of stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults were identified in China.Targeted health policy measures are needed to address the burden of stroke in the young generation,especially for rural men,with a focus on the prevention and management of high risk factors.展开更多
专属性主题是创新研究的重要议题,对其进行全面量化比较分析具有重要学术价值。本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库(1986-2017年)和中文CSSCI数据库(1998-2017年)中专属性研究文献,运用文献计量和内容分析方法,借助CiteSpace软件呈...专属性主题是创新研究的重要议题,对其进行全面量化比较分析具有重要学术价值。本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库(1986-2017年)和中文CSSCI数据库(1998-2017年)中专属性研究文献,运用文献计量和内容分析方法,借助CiteSpace软件呈现专属性主题中英文文献引文共被引聚类和关键词共现图谱,结合图谱中重要节点文献深度挖掘,揭示并比较中英文文献所承载的专属性研究的发展机理、共性与差异。结果表明:专属性主题中英文研究有着各自的知识结构、知识基础及范式;在研究逻辑、主题涵盖和研究方法等方面具有共性;研究内容侧重和相似主题的研究视角存在差异,同时也存在不同的研究热点;关于理论渊源与主题形成,在原创性、连续性、系统性等方面存在水平差异。本文对于深入认识专属性问题研究特点、促进学术交流和创新实践、建设中国情境下的专属性理论体系具有重要启示。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31972775 and 32172971).
文摘The fish brain is crucial for adjusting to environmental changes.Metabolic changes play a vital role in the adaptation to salinity change in aquatic animals.However,few studies have evaluated the responses of the fish brain to salinity changes.To evaluate the response to various salinities,spotted scat(Scatophagus argus)was cultured in water with salinity levels of 5(low salinity:LS),25(control group:Ctrl),and 35(high salinity group:HS)for 22 days.The brain transcriptome was analyzed.In total,1698 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified between the HS and Ctrl groups,and 841 DEGs were identified between the LS and Ctrl groups.KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs in the HS vs.Ctrl comparison were involved in steroid biosynthesis,terpenoid backbone biosynthesis,fatty acid biosynthesis,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,other types of O-glycan biosynthesis,and fatty acid metabolism.Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,one carbon pool by folate,steroid biosynthesis,and cysteine and methionine metabolism were significantly enriched in the LS vs.Ctrl comparison.Additionally,the genes related to metabolism(acc,fas,hmgcr,hmgcs1,mvd,soat1,nsdhl,sqle,cel,fdft1,dnmt3a and mtr)were significantly up-regulated in the HS vs.Ctrl comparison.The genes related to metabolism(lipa,sqle,acc,fas,bhmt,mpst,dnmt3a,mtr,hao2,LOC111225351 and hmgcs1)were significantly up-regulated,while hmgcr and soat1 were significantly down-regulated in the LS vs.Ctrl compparison.These results suggest that salinity stress affects signaling pathways and genes’expressions involved in metabolic processes in the brain,and the differences in metabolism play an important role in adaptation to hyperhaline or hypohaline environments in spotted scat.This research provides a comprehensive overview of transcriptional changes in the brain under hyperhaline or hypohaline conditions,which is helpful to understand the mechanisms underlying salinity adaptation in euryhaline fishes.
文摘Objective This study aimed to examine the trends in stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults in China.Methods Data were obtained from the China national vital registration system.Significant changes in mortality were assessed by Joinpoint regression.Age-period-cohort analysis was used to explain the reasons for the changes.Future mortality and counts were predicted by the Bayesian age-period-cohort model.Results Between 2002 and 2019,a total of 6,253,951 stroke mortality in young and middle-aged adults were recorded.The age-adjusted mortality rates(AAMRs)of women showed a downward trend.The annual percent changes(APC)were-3.5%(-5.2%,-1.7%)for urban women and-2.8%(-3.7%,-1.9%)for rural women.By contrast,the AAMRs per 100,000 for rural men aged 25–44 years continued to rise from 9.40 to 15.46.The AAMRS for urban men aged 25–44 years and urban and rural men aged 45–64years did not change significantly.Between 2020 and 2030,the projected stroke deaths are 1,423,584 in men and 401,712 in women.Conclusion Significant sex and age disparities in the trends of stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults were identified in China.Targeted health policy measures are needed to address the burden of stroke in the young generation,especially for rural men,with a focus on the prevention and management of high risk factors.
文摘专属性主题是创新研究的重要议题,对其进行全面量化比较分析具有重要学术价值。本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库(1986-2017年)和中文CSSCI数据库(1998-2017年)中专属性研究文献,运用文献计量和内容分析方法,借助CiteSpace软件呈现专属性主题中英文文献引文共被引聚类和关键词共现图谱,结合图谱中重要节点文献深度挖掘,揭示并比较中英文文献所承载的专属性研究的发展机理、共性与差异。结果表明:专属性主题中英文研究有着各自的知识结构、知识基础及范式;在研究逻辑、主题涵盖和研究方法等方面具有共性;研究内容侧重和相似主题的研究视角存在差异,同时也存在不同的研究热点;关于理论渊源与主题形成,在原创性、连续性、系统性等方面存在水平差异。本文对于深入认识专属性问题研究特点、促进学术交流和创新实践、建设中国情境下的专属性理论体系具有重要启示。
