Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging for Interventional Application

The incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases and gastrointestinal cancer have gradually increased in recent years,and these diseases have become major social and public-health concerns.New requirements have been proposed for the clinical diagnosis of these diseases in the hope that,by accessing accurate structural information,to further grasp the functional information which closely related to the development of the diseases.Photoacoustic imaging is a new imaging method in which ultrasonic signals are generated from biological samples by laser-pulse irradiation.It has the advantages of high optical contrast,large ultrasound penetration depth,and high resolution.Additionally,it can acquire spectral information.The integration of a photoacoustic imaging system into a tiny imaging catheter can realize interventional imaging based on photoacoustic principles.The combination of structural imaging of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal lesion regions with photoacoustic spectroscopy to identify and quantify tissue components can realize highly sensitive functional imaging.After surveying the recent progress in the development of the photoacoustic imaging method for interventional application,with a particular emphasis on intravascular photoacoustic imaging,photoacoustic endoscopy,and photoacoustic spectroscopy,we summarize and identify future research directions for interventional photoacoustic imaging.

基于质谱与生物信息学的冠状动脉严重钙化患者血浆蛋白质组学研究

目的:基于非标记蛋白组学方法筛选冠状动脉(冠脉)严重钙化病变患者外周血浆中的特异性蛋白质标志物。方法:采用数据非依赖采集质谱技术检测30例冠脉严重钙化病变患者与30例非钙化对照人群血浆,生物信息学软件进一步分析差异表达蛋白质数据。结果:冠脉严重钙化病变患者与非钙化人群血浆相比较,共筛选出表达量差异2倍以上的差异蛋白共28种(其中表达上调的蛋白20种,表达下调的蛋白8种),基因本体论(GO)分析差异表达蛋白主要分布于细胞外区域、细胞外泌体和胞外细胞器部分;生物学过程主要涉及细胞过程、肌动蛋白细胞骨架和应激反应、白细胞介导的免疫和细胞活化;而其分子功能与蛋白质结合、信号受体结合和肌动蛋白结合相关。京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析显示差异表达蛋白与补体和凝血级联、糖酵解/糖异生作用、细胞凋亡、HIF-1和Rap1信号通路相关。结论:冠脉严重钙化病变患者和非钙化人群的血浆蛋白质组学存在显著差异,这些差异表达蛋白质有望成为冠脉严重钙化病变鉴别诊断的新型生物标志物。