Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the synthesis and research of various rare-earth (RE) doped fluoride nanomaterials because of their high refractive index and appropriate phonon energy, which have p...Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the synthesis and research of various rare-earth (RE) doped fluoride nanomaterials because of their high refractive index and appropriate phonon energy, which have potential applications in optics, optoelectronics, microelectronics, and tribology. Many methods have been utilized to synthesize the nanomaterials of RE doped fluorides with controllable sizes, shapes, and nanostructures. Comparatively, the microwave irradiation (MWI) method is simple, fast, and unique in its potential for large-scale synthesis without suffering thermal gradient effects.展开更多
he present paper focuses on the modifying effects of ion beam mixing, ion im-planting and ion sputtering on hydrogen evolution electrodes. It was discovered thatthe four types of electrodes possessed excellent catalyt...he present paper focuses on the modifying effects of ion beam mixing, ion im-planting and ion sputtering on hydrogen evolution electrodes. It was discovered thatthe four types of electrodes possessed excellent catalytic activity in acid or alkalinemedia and potential stability in long term electrolysis of water under high currentdensity. Their stability and applying life-span greatly surpass those of other elec-trodes activated by electrodepositing and other method. The effects of temperatureand roughness on function of electrodes were also examined. XPS and AES wereapplied to analyse the surface composition and bond states of the electrodes, andthe distribution of concentration varying with depth, and to explain the law of theexperiments .展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10474096 and 50672030).
文摘Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the synthesis and research of various rare-earth (RE) doped fluoride nanomaterials because of their high refractive index and appropriate phonon energy, which have potential applications in optics, optoelectronics, microelectronics, and tribology. Many methods have been utilized to synthesize the nanomaterials of RE doped fluorides with controllable sizes, shapes, and nanostructures. Comparatively, the microwave irradiation (MWI) method is simple, fast, and unique in its potential for large-scale synthesis without suffering thermal gradient effects.
文摘he present paper focuses on the modifying effects of ion beam mixing, ion im-planting and ion sputtering on hydrogen evolution electrodes. It was discovered thatthe four types of electrodes possessed excellent catalytic activity in acid or alkalinemedia and potential stability in long term electrolysis of water under high currentdensity. Their stability and applying life-span greatly surpass those of other elec-trodes activated by electrodepositing and other method. The effects of temperatureand roughness on function of electrodes were also examined. XPS and AES wereapplied to analyse the surface composition and bond states of the electrodes, andthe distribution of concentration varying with depth, and to explain the law of theexperiments .