Rose is a highly significant ornamental plant with substantial edible and medicinal value,cultivated worldwide primarily for perfume production.Recently,Rosa yangii,a new species found in northwestern Yunnan,China,has...Rose is a highly significant ornamental plant with substantial edible and medicinal value,cultivated worldwide primarily for perfume production.Recently,Rosa yangii,a new species found in northwestern Yunnan,China,has drawn attention due to its strong sweet scented flowers.In this study,the floral components of R.yangii were extracted at different flowering stages using solid phase micro extraction(SPME)and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).A total of 131 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were detected from R.yangii,including 69 odor compounds.The production and release of floral VOCs were the highest during the initial-open stage,making it the most suitable time for harvesting as a significant number of floral components were synthesized and preserved.The analysis of the odor activity values(OAV)highlighted several key aromatic ingredients of R.yangii,such as eugenol,methyleugenol,benzeneacetaldehyde and phenylethylalcohol,heptanal,decanal,(E)-2-hexen-1-yl acetate,caryophyllene,and others.Metabolome and time-order gene co-expression networks(TO-GCN)revealed that VOCs and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids,along with associated genes,played a pivotal role in the overall floral regulatory network of R.yangii.MYB and bHLH were identified as the essential regulatory factors governing the regulation of eugenol synthase(EGS)and isoeugenol synthase(IGS),consequently influencing the sweet scent of R.yangii.The findings of this study provide a scientific foundation for enhancing fragrance through molecular breeding of ornamental plants.Furthermore,the study facilitated the development and utilization of this new plant’s essential oil material in various industries,including food storage,aromatherapy,cosmetic,and perfumery.展开更多
Rose is one of the most important ornamental and economic plants in the world.Modern rose cultivars are primarily tetraploid,and during meiosis,they may exhibit double reduction or preferential chromosome pairing.Ther...Rose is one of the most important ornamental and economic plants in the world.Modern rose cultivars are primarily tetraploid,and during meiosis,they may exhibit double reduction or preferential chromosome pairing.Therefore,the construction of a high density genetic map of tetraploid rose is both challenging and instructive.In this study,a tetraploid rose population was used to conduct a genetic analysis using genome sequencing.A total of 17382 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers were selected from 2308042 detected SNPs.Combined with 440 previously developed simple sequence repeats(SSR)and amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)markers,a marker dosage of 6885 high quality markers was successfully assigned by GATK software in the tetraploid model.These markers were used in the construction of a high density genetic map,containing the expected seven linkage groups with 6842 markers,a total map length of 1158.9 c M,and an average inter-marker distance of 0.18 c M.Quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis was subsequently performed to characterize the genetic architecture of petal number and flower diameter.One major QTL(qpnum-3-1)was detected for petal number in three consecutive years,which explained 20.18–22.11%of the variation in petal number.Four QTLs were detected for flower diameter;the main locus,qfdia-2-2,was identified in two consecutive years.Our results will benefit the molecular marker-assisted breeding of modern rose cultivars.In addition,this study provides a guide for the genetic and QTL analysis of autotetraploid plants using sequencing-based genotyping methods.展开更多
To classify the Chinese wintersweet（Chimonanthus praecox） cultivars and to study their evolution based on pollen morphology.Pollens of 12 representative wintersweet cultivars were examined by scanning electron micro...To classify the Chinese wintersweet（Chimonanthus praecox） cultivars and to study their evolution based on pollen morphology.Pollens of 12 representative wintersweet cultivars were examined by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Q-cluster analysis was carried out based on the observation results.Results are as follows：（1） The pollen grains were 2lobed circular in polar view,elliptic in equatorial view.The pollen shapes were spheroidal or super-spheroidal by P/E（polar axis length/equatorial axis length） criteria.（2） According to pollen exine ornamentation,it was indicated that white wintersweet is most original.Yellow floral group could be classified into three subgroups：purple-hearted,halo-hearted and yellow-hearted type.Their evolutionary relationship was purple-hearted halo-hearted yellow-hearted.（3） Different wintersweet cultivars showed a different exine sculpture.Palynological analysis could be used in the classification of wintersweet cultivars.The result of cluster analysis indicated that the cultivars could be classified into three groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.41.Each group had similar pollen exine sculpture.It was found that the palynological classification coincided well with morphological classification.Our results support the suggestion that purple streaks or patches of inner-petals should be served as the first-order criteria in wintersweet classification.展开更多
基金supported by the Beijing High-Precision Discipline Project,Discipline of Ecological Environment of Urban and Rural Human Settlements and the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD1000400)。
文摘Rose is a highly significant ornamental plant with substantial edible and medicinal value,cultivated worldwide primarily for perfume production.Recently,Rosa yangii,a new species found in northwestern Yunnan,China,has drawn attention due to its strong sweet scented flowers.In this study,the floral components of R.yangii were extracted at different flowering stages using solid phase micro extraction(SPME)and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).A total of 131 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were detected from R.yangii,including 69 odor compounds.The production and release of floral VOCs were the highest during the initial-open stage,making it the most suitable time for harvesting as a significant number of floral components were synthesized and preserved.The analysis of the odor activity values(OAV)highlighted several key aromatic ingredients of R.yangii,such as eugenol,methyleugenol,benzeneacetaldehyde and phenylethylalcohol,heptanal,decanal,(E)-2-hexen-1-yl acetate,caryophyllene,and others.Metabolome and time-order gene co-expression networks(TO-GCN)revealed that VOCs and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids,along with associated genes,played a pivotal role in the overall floral regulatory network of R.yangii.MYB and bHLH were identified as the essential regulatory factors governing the regulation of eugenol synthase(EGS)and isoeugenol synthase(IGS),consequently influencing the sweet scent of R.yangii.The findings of this study provide a scientific foundation for enhancing fragrance through molecular breeding of ornamental plants.Furthermore,the study facilitated the development and utilization of this new plant’s essential oil material in various industries,including food storage,aromatherapy,cosmetic,and perfumery.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600565)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,China(ZZ13-YQ-053)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Beijing Common Construction Project,ChinaDr.Peter M.Bourke from Plant Breeding,Wageningen University&Research,The Netherlands,was partly funded through the TKI polyploids project(BO-26.03-009-004 and BO-50-002-022)。
文摘Rose is one of the most important ornamental and economic plants in the world.Modern rose cultivars are primarily tetraploid,and during meiosis,they may exhibit double reduction or preferential chromosome pairing.Therefore,the construction of a high density genetic map of tetraploid rose is both challenging and instructive.In this study,a tetraploid rose population was used to conduct a genetic analysis using genome sequencing.A total of 17382 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers were selected from 2308042 detected SNPs.Combined with 440 previously developed simple sequence repeats(SSR)and amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)markers,a marker dosage of 6885 high quality markers was successfully assigned by GATK software in the tetraploid model.These markers were used in the construction of a high density genetic map,containing the expected seven linkage groups with 6842 markers,a total map length of 1158.9 c M,and an average inter-marker distance of 0.18 c M.Quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis was subsequently performed to characterize the genetic architecture of petal number and flower diameter.One major QTL(qpnum-3-1)was detected for petal number in three consecutive years,which explained 20.18–22.11%of the variation in petal number.Four QTLs were detected for flower diameter;the main locus,qfdia-2-2,was identified in two consecutive years.Our results will benefit the molecular marker-assisted breeding of modern rose cultivars.In addition,this study provides a guide for the genetic and QTL analysis of autotetraploid plants using sequencing-based genotyping methods.
基金the DUS Project (Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness,Uniformity and Stability for Wintersweet,2006002) for funding assistance
文摘To classify the Chinese wintersweet（Chimonanthus praecox） cultivars and to study their evolution based on pollen morphology.Pollens of 12 representative wintersweet cultivars were examined by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Q-cluster analysis was carried out based on the observation results.Results are as follows：（1） The pollen grains were 2lobed circular in polar view,elliptic in equatorial view.The pollen shapes were spheroidal or super-spheroidal by P/E（polar axis length/equatorial axis length） criteria.（2） According to pollen exine ornamentation,it was indicated that white wintersweet is most original.Yellow floral group could be classified into three subgroups：purple-hearted,halo-hearted and yellow-hearted type.Their evolutionary relationship was purple-hearted halo-hearted yellow-hearted.（3） Different wintersweet cultivars showed a different exine sculpture.Palynological analysis could be used in the classification of wintersweet cultivars.The result of cluster analysis indicated that the cultivars could be classified into three groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.41.Each group had similar pollen exine sculpture.It was found that the palynological classification coincided well with morphological classification.Our results support the suggestion that purple streaks or patches of inner-petals should be served as the first-order criteria in wintersweet classification.
