Recovery of heat energy from internal combustion engine exhaust will achieve significant road transportation CO2 reduction. Turbocharging and turbogenerating are most commonly used technologies to recover engine exhau...Recovery of heat energy from internal combustion engine exhaust will achieve significant road transportation CO2 reduction. Turbocharging and turbogenerating are most commonly used technologies to recover engine exhaust heat energy.Engine exhaust pulse flow can significantly affect the turbine performance of turbocharging and turbogenerating systems,and it is necessary to consider the pulse flow effects in turbine design and performance analysis.An investigation was carried out by numerical simulation on the mixed flow turbine pulse flow performance and flow fields.Results showed that the variations of the turbine efficiency and flowfiled under pulsating flow conditions demonstrate significant unsteady effects.The effect of blade leading edge sweep on turbine pulse flow performance was studied.It is shown that increasing of the leading edge sweep angle can improve the turbine average instantaneous efficiency by about 2 percent under pulsating flow conditions.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of the Chinese herbal compound Guizhu capsule(CGZC)on lung cancer and explore the possible mechanism underlying its actions by evaluating its effects on the expression of ph...OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of the Chinese herbal compound Guizhu capsule(CGZC)on lung cancer and explore the possible mechanism underlying its actions by evaluating its effects on the expression of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten(PTEN) and murine double mimute 2(MDM2) in lung cancer model mice.METHODS: A mouse model of transplanted lung cancer was established by subcutaneous inoculation of cancer cells into the axillae of mice. Twenty-four hours later, the mice were weighed and randomly divided into the model control group, cisplatin group(DDP group), and high, moderate and low dosage CGZC groups, with ten mice in each group. The control mice received an equal volume of distilled water. DDP was intraperitoneally injected at 1 mg/kg in the DDP group, once a day for 3days. CGZC diluted with distilled water was admin-istered at 20 g/kg(10 times the clinical adult dosage) in the high-dose group, 10 g/kg(5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the moderate-dose group and 5 g/kg(2.5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the low-dose group once a day for 10 days. On the11 th day, the mice were weighed and killed. The tumor tissues were weighed and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. PTEN and MDM2 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues.RESULTS: The CGZC high-and moderate-dose groups showed a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth(P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group(P > 0.05). The CGZC high-dose group also showed enhanced expression of PTEN protein(P <0.01) and decreased expression of MDM2 protein(P < 0.01) in lung cancer cells of the mice. There was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group.CONCLUSION: CGZC has a significant inhibitory effect on transplanted lung cancer in mice. The mechanism may involve reducing expression of PTEN and decreasing the expression of MDM2 in the lung cancer tissues of the mice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Program)(Grant No.2011CB707204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50706020)
文摘Recovery of heat energy from internal combustion engine exhaust will achieve significant road transportation CO2 reduction. Turbocharging and turbogenerating are most commonly used technologies to recover engine exhaust heat energy.Engine exhaust pulse flow can significantly affect the turbine performance of turbocharging and turbogenerating systems,and it is necessary to consider the pulse flow effects in turbine design and performance analysis.An investigation was carried out by numerical simulation on the mixed flow turbine pulse flow performance and flow fields.Results showed that the variations of the turbine efficiency and flowfiled under pulsating flow conditions demonstrate significant unsteady effects.The effect of blade leading edge sweep on turbine pulse flow performance was studied.It is shown that increasing of the leading edge sweep angle can improve the turbine average instantaneous efficiency by about 2 percent under pulsating flow conditions.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(No.73062)the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(No.2007Z3-E5091)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of the Chinese herbal compound Guizhu capsule(CGZC)on lung cancer and explore the possible mechanism underlying its actions by evaluating its effects on the expression of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten(PTEN) and murine double mimute 2(MDM2) in lung cancer model mice.METHODS: A mouse model of transplanted lung cancer was established by subcutaneous inoculation of cancer cells into the axillae of mice. Twenty-four hours later, the mice were weighed and randomly divided into the model control group, cisplatin group(DDP group), and high, moderate and low dosage CGZC groups, with ten mice in each group. The control mice received an equal volume of distilled water. DDP was intraperitoneally injected at 1 mg/kg in the DDP group, once a day for 3days. CGZC diluted with distilled water was admin-istered at 20 g/kg(10 times the clinical adult dosage) in the high-dose group, 10 g/kg(5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the moderate-dose group and 5 g/kg(2.5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the low-dose group once a day for 10 days. On the11 th day, the mice were weighed and killed. The tumor tissues were weighed and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. PTEN and MDM2 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues.RESULTS: The CGZC high-and moderate-dose groups showed a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth(P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group(P > 0.05). The CGZC high-dose group also showed enhanced expression of PTEN protein(P <0.01) and decreased expression of MDM2 protein(P < 0.01) in lung cancer cells of the mice. There was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group.CONCLUSION: CGZC has a significant inhibitory effect on transplanted lung cancer in mice. The mechanism may involve reducing expression of PTEN and decreasing the expression of MDM2 in the lung cancer tissues of the mice.
