《化工单元操作技术》课程思政教学的隐性融合与实践

介绍了《化工单元操作技术》课程思政的目标、内容,就教师如何利用课堂在教授专业知识的同时强化思政教育,以及如何通过思政的观点和思维方法激发、提升学生学习的兴趣和动力,提高专业知识的学习效果,对课程思政教学的任务和目标、课程思政元素的挖掘以及课程思政教学方法等提出了一些观点和体会,收到了良好的效果,具有相当的现实意义及应用价值。

中药多糖对血管内皮细胞的保护作用及机制研究进展

血管内皮细胞参与多种血管性疾病的发生发展过程,抗血管内皮细胞损伤在血管性疾病治疗过程中具有非常重要的意义。中药多糖具有抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节、神经保护等作用,其机制与调节血管活性物质的含量密切相关。系统总结中药多糖对血管内皮细胞的保护作用及其机制具有重要的临床参考价值。本文综述了近年来中药多糖对血管内皮细胞的保护作用及机制研究,以期为中药多糖应用于血管性疾病的治疗提供依据。

黄芩素对阿尔茨海默病大鼠早期脑组织蛋白表达谱的影响

目的观察黄芩素对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠发病早期认知功能和皮层、海马组织蛋白表达谱的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法实验大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、黄芩素组,每组12只。黄芩素组大鼠予黄芩素药液灌胃,模型组和对照组大鼠予等量生理盐水灌胃。灌胃体积均为2 m L,连续10 d。利用Morris水迷宫评估治疗效果,并运用双向凝胶电泳技术对脑组织蛋白进行分离,考马斯蓝染显色,应用PDQuest8.0软件对双向电泳图谱进行差异分析,通过MALDI-TOF-MS/MS和数据库查询鉴定差异明显的蛋白质点,并利用String在线分析软件对差异表达蛋白进行生物信息学分析。结果黄芩素可显著缓解β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)1-40导致的认知功能减退。黄芩素作用下,位于大鼠大脑皮层和海马组织的8种蛋白表达水平变化明显。质谱鉴定结果显示,差异蛋白涉及4种生物学功能,与神经传导关系最为密切,其中3种蛋白与其他蛋白存在相互作用关系。结论黄芩素对AD大鼠早期认知功能损伤的改善作用与其能够调节神经传导相关蛋白的表达相关。

基于三维激光数据的水泥路面裂缝宽度检测可靠性研究

为研究三维激光点横向间距对水泥路面裂缝宽度检测结果的可靠性,文章采用室内三维激光检测系统,获取4组激光点横向间距为0.5 mm~1.5 mm的水泥混凝土裂缝试件高程数据,并建立三维模型,识别裂缝宽度并划分为3种分级水平,分析了激光横向点间距对不同严重等级裂缝宽度检测结果的可靠性及其误差变化规律。结果表明:随着激光点间距增加,裂缝宽度检测相对误差明显增大;而当裂缝宽度不断增大时,0.5 mm间距下重复检测结果的变异系数由2.62%降低至0.22%;裂缝宽度检测的绝对误差可能会高估病害严重程度等级,影响路面破损状况评价准确性。

沥青路面养护剂的研究现状及展望

沥青路面养护剂的使用对改善路面路用性能、延长沥青公路使用寿命具有积极的作用。简要介绍了沥青路面养护剂的发展现状;重点阐述了国内外五种典型沥青养护剂的养护机理及工程使用效果,同时概括总结了各养护剂存在的优缺点;最后对沥青路面养护剂的发展趋势进行了展望。

基于红曲高产莫纳可林K的固态发酵工艺条件优化

利用响应面法优化红曲固态发酵产莫纳可林K的工艺条件。在采用变温发酵,发酵时间固定的条件下,单因素试验研究接种量、装料量、玉米粉添加量和蛋白胨添加量等4个因素对红曲固态发酵莫纳可林K产量的影响。在此基础上,应用Design-Expert软件建立数学模型,进行四因素三水平的响应面分析。结果表明,红曲固态发酵高产莫纳可林K工艺条件为接种量17.50%,装料量32.95 g/250 mL、玉米粉添加量3.80%和蛋白胨添加量2.37%。此条件下进行验证试验,莫纳可林K产量为11.25 mg/g,与回归方程预测值无显著差异,说明该法优化红曲固态发酵过程中莫纳可林K的产量可行。

交通强国背景下高等工程人才培养体系研究与对策

在建设社会主义现代化强国进程中,“交通强国”具有基础性的地位和作用,它对高等交通工程人才的需求更大、要求更高。从培养目标、培养内容、培养方式3个关键指标分析,当前,交通行业高校在高等交通工程人才培养体系方面还面临着一些挑战和掣肘,需要构建更科学、更完善、更系统的人才培养体系。核心是完善面向社会需求的专业知识培养体系、健全符合时代要求的综合素质培养体系、探索更加科学更加全面的考核评价体系和构建交通工程人才培养的支持保障体系,从而保障人才培养质量,为“交通强国”提供有力、有效的支撑。

化学工程与工艺专业“四层次”实验教学体系改革研究

对于地方高校化工学科,实验教学在创新人才培养和素质教育中起着非常重要的作用。根据我校化学工程学院所开设化学工程与工艺专业的实际情况,打破传统的实验教学模式,构建了一套满足“专业认证”要求的“四层次”教学实验体系,即基础实验、专业实验、设计实验及研究实验,为地方高校进行化工学科的实验课程改革探索了一种新模式。

β淀粉样蛋白引起认知障碍的脑神经机制

Aβ级联假说是阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)病理发展理论中最为学术界所认可的。许多研究者认为AP神经毒性弓I起的神经细胞损伤和认知功能障碍在AD的发生与发展中发挥了重要的作用。本文概述了Aβ在脑内沉积模式,归纳了AP对认知功能、脑结构和脑功能的影响,并对未来的研究提出展望。

Many-Agent Controlled Teleportation of Multi-qubit Quantum Information via Quantum Entanglement Swapping

We present a method to teleport multi-qubit quantum information in an easy way from a sender to a receiver via the control of many agents in a network. Only when all the agents collaborate with the quantum information receiver can the unknown states in the sender＇s qubits be fully reconstructed in the receiver＇s qubits. In our method, agents＇s control parameters are obtained via quantum entanglement swapping. As the realization of the many-agent controlled teleportation is concerned, compared to the recent method [G.P. Yang, et al., Phys. Rev. A 70 （2004） 022329], our present method considerably reduces the preparation difficulty of initial states and the identification difficulty of entangled states, moreover, it does not need local Hadamard operations and it is more feasible in technology.

基于正交试验的废轮胎胶粉改性沥青微观特性研究

通过4水平4因素正交试验设计方案制备了废轮胎胶粉改性沥青,并对最优组合胶粉改性沥青进行了薄膜烘箱老化试验。通过对沥青基础指标的测试及傅里叶变换红外光谱、四组分及热重的分析,从宏观角度评价了不同沥青的性能变化,微观角度分析了胶粉改性沥青的化学组分及变化规律。研究结果表明,胶粉改性沥青的最优配比组合为胶粉掺量17%(质量分数,下同)、搅拌温度180℃、改性剂质量配比1/6和增塑剂掺量4%。用胶粉改性后沥青的红外光谱特征吸收峰的形状及位置未变,但强度发生变化;使化学组分的含量产生了变化,饱和分和芳香分减少、胶质和沥青质增加。胶粉的掺入降低了沥青的热降解速率,提高了初始降解温度及最终残留物含量,改善了沥青的热稳定性。

Eavesdropping on Quantum Secure Direct Communication with W State in Noisy Channel

Security of the quantum secure direct communication protocol （i.e., the C-S QSDC protocol） recently proposed by Cao and Song [Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 （2006） 290] is analyzed in the case of considerable quantum channel noise. The eavesdropping scheme is presented, which reveals that the C-S QSDC protocol is not secure if the quantum bit error rate （QBER） caused by quantum channel noise is higher than 4.17%. Our eavesdropping scheme induces about 4.17% QBER for those check qubits. However, such QBER can be hidden in the counterpart induced by the noisy quantum channel if the eavesdropper Eve replaces the original noisy channel by an ideal one. Furthermore, if the QBER induced by quantum channel noise is lower than 4.17%, then in the eavesdropping scheme Eve still can eavesdrop part of the secret messages by safely attacking a fraction of the transmitted qubits. Finally, an improvement on the C-S QSDC protocol is put forward.

Assisted Cloning and Orthogonal Complementing of an Arbitrary Unknown Two-Qubit Entangled State

Based on A.K. Pati＇s original idea [Phys. Rev. A 61 （2000） 022308] on single-qubit-state-assisted clone, very recently Zhan has proposed two assisted quantum cloning protocols of a special class of unknown two-qubit entangled states [Phys. Lett. A 336 （2005） 317]. In this paper we further generalize Zhan＇s protocols such that an arbitrary unknown two-qubit entangled state can be treated.

改性废轮胎橡胶粉对温拌沥青特性影响的研究

采用高速剪切法制备废橡胶粉改性温拌沥青,并对添加温拌剂E26和DWMA胶粉的改性沥青进行短期模拟老化试验。研究结果表明,加入温拌剂E26和DWMA改变了沥青四组分的含量,沥青内部结构未发生明显变化;短期老化后,针入度和延度减小,软化点升高;芳香分质量分数降低,胶质和沥青质质量分数增多。对比发现,添加DWMA温拌剂的胶粉改性沥青,老化前后三大指标和四组分变化幅度最小,官能团减小幅度最小,说明抗老化能力优于添加E26和未添加温拌剂的改性沥青。

Tripartite Arbitrary Two-Qutrit Quantum State Sharing

A tripartite scheme for securely sharing an arbitrary unknown two-qutrit state is proposed, where two generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） states serve as the quantum channel linking the three legitimate parties. The quantum information （i.e., the arbitrary unknown two-qutrit state） from the sender can be split in such a way that it can be reconstructed deterministically by any agent via a proper unitary operation provided that both agents collaborates together. Moreover, the generalization of the tripartite scheme to more-party case is also outlined.

Classical Communication and Entanglement Cost in Preparing a Class of Multi-qubit States

Recently, several similar protocols [J. Opt. B 4 （2002） 380; Phys. Lett. A 316 （2003） 159; Phys. Lett. A 355 （2006） 285; Phys. Lett. A 336 （2005） 317] for remotely preparing a class of multi-qubit states （i.e, α[0...0〉 ＋β[1... 1〉） were proposed, respectively. In this paper, by applying the controlled-not （CNOT） gate, a new simple protocol is proposed for remotely preparing such class of states. Compared to the previous protocols, both classical communication cost and required quantum entanglement in our protocol are remarkably reduced. Moreover, the difficulty of identifying some quantum states in our protocol is also degraded. Hence our protocol is more economical and feasible.

Remote Preparation of Three-Particle GHZ Class States

We propose a remote state preparation （RSP） scheme of three-particle Greenberger Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） class states, where quantum channels are composed of two maximally entangled states. With the aid of forward classical bits, the preparation of the original state can be successfully realized with the probability 1/2, the necessary classical communication cost is 0.5 bit on average. If the state to be prepared belongs to some special states, the success probability of preparation can achieve 1 after consuming one extra bit on average. We then generalize this scheme to the case that the quantum channels consist of two non-maximally entangled states.

Generalized Quantum Two-Qutrit-State Splitting

A three-party scheme for splitting an arbitrary unknown two-qutrit state is proposed,where two non-maximally-entangled three-qutrit states are taken as the quantum channel among three parties.With the sender'shelp,if and only if both receivers collaborate together,they can securely share the quantum state in a probabilisticway by introducing an ancilla qutrit and performing appropriate unitary operations.The relation between the successprobability and coefficients characterizing the quantum channel is revealed.The security of the present scheme is analyzedand confirmed.Moreover,the generalization of the three-party scheme to more-party case is also sketched.

Tripartite Splitting Arbitrary 2-Qubit Quantum Information by Using Two Asymmetric W States

In this paper we propose a tripartite scheme for splitting an arbitrary 2-qubit quantum information by using two asymmetric W states as the quantum channel. In the schemem if the two recipients collaborate together, they can deterministically recover the quantum information by performing first a 4-qubit collective unitary operation and then two single-qubit unitary operations. In addition, since the asymmetric W states are employed as the quantum channel, the scheme is robust against decoherence.

Quantum Correlations in a Family of Bipartite Qubit-Qutrit Separable States

Quantum correlations in a family of bipartite separable qubit-qutrit quantum-classical correlated states are investigated by using two popular measures,i.e.,the original quantum discord(OQD)method by Ollivier and Zurek[Phys.Rev.Lett.88(2001)017901]and the measurement-induced disturbance(MID)method by Luo[Phys.Rev.A 77(2008)022301].It is found that both of them are functions of a parameter partially characterizing the concerned states,however,quantum correlations evaluated via the convenient MID method are somewhat overestimated.