BACKGROUND： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has been shown to induce inflammatory reactions, including white blood cell activation and adhesion molecule expression. These reactions often lead to aggravated neuro...BACKGROUND： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has been shown to induce inflammatory reactions, including white blood cell activation and adhesion molecule expression. These reactions often lead to aggravated neuronal injury. OBJECTIVE： To observe corticocerebral pathology, as well as ultrastructural changes, in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through optical and electron microscopy, and to investigate interventional effects of ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture （a brain-activating and orifice-opening acupuncture method）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuropathology, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between April and June 2004. MATERIALS： A total of 50 healthy, male, Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups, with 10 rats per group： control, sham-operated, model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao ＂. Transmission electron microscope （TEM 400ST） was provided by Philips, Netherlands. Electro-acupuncture treatment apparatus （KWD-8082） was provided by Changzhou Wujin Great Wall Medical Instrument, China. METHODS： Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ groups. Rats from the control group did not undergo any treatment. The sham-operated group received identical experimental procedures as the model group, except that the nylon suture was not inserted into the right internal carotid artery. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury induction, rats from the Xingnao Kaiqiao group underwent 1-minute acupuncture at the bilateral ＂Neiguan＂ （PC 6） acupoint, using a reducing method of lifting-thrusting and twirling-rotating. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to acupuncture at the ＂Renzhong＂ （DU26） acupoint 10 times by a heavy bird-pecking method. The non-acupoint group received acupuncture administration at the bilateral costal region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： After ischemia for 1 hour and reperfusion for 24 hours, corticocerebral morphology and ultrastructural changes were observed on the injured side through the use of optical and electron microscopy. RESULTS： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion resulted in damage to neurons, glial cells, and capillary vessels in the rat brain. ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture produced superior curative effects when it was performed 3 hours after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induction, resulting in slightly recovered neuronal structures, alleviated cellular interstitial edema, and more capillary vessels. At each corresponding time point, the ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ group exhibited improved neuronal structure and cellular interstitial edema, compared with the non-acupoint group. CONCLUSION： ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture results in protective effects on corticocerebral neuronal morphology and ultrastructure in rats following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for fibromyalgiasyndrome.METHODS: Two review authors independently selected the trials for the Meta-analysis, assessed their method...OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for fibromyalgiasyndrome.METHODS: Two review authors independently selected the trials for the Meta-analysis, assessed their methodological quality and extracted relevant data. A quality assessment was conducted according to the Cochrane Review Handbook 5.0.RevMan 5.0.20 software was used in the statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 523 trials were reviewed and 9trials were selected for Meta-analysis.(a) Compared acupuncture with sham acupuncture, there was a significant difference in the visual analogue scale,but no difference in the pressure pain threshold.Additionally,and there was a difference in the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire and the multidisciplinary pain inventory after 4 weeks of treatment,but no difference after 7 weeks of therapy. There was no difference in the numerical rating scale in weeks 3, 8 and 13.(b) Acupuncture versus drugs.There were differences in the VAS after 20 days of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment comparing with the drug amitriptyline, and after 4 weeks of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment comparing with the drug fluoxetine and amitriptyline.There were also differences in the number of tender points when comparing acupuncture with amitriptyline or fluoxetine. There was no difference in total efficiency when comparing acupuncture with amitriptyline after 4 weeks of treatment, but there were differences between the two groups 45 days after treatment.There were also differences in total efficiency comparing acupuncture with fluoxetine,and when comparing 4 weeks post-treatment of acupuncture with a combination of amitriptyline,oryzanol and vitamin B.(c) A comparison of acupuncture, drugs and exercise with drugs and exercise showed PPT differences in months 3 and 6.There was no difference between the two comparison groups after follow-up visits in months 12 and 24.CONCLUSION: Compared with sham acupuncture,there was not enough evidence to prove the efficacy of acupuncture therapy for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Some evidence testified that the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy for fibromyalgia was superior to drugs; however, the included trials were not of high quality or had high bias risks.Acupuncture combined with drugs and exercise could increase pain thresholds in the short term, but there is a need for higher quality randomized controlled trials to further confirm this.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has been shown to induce inflammatory reactions, including white blood cell activation and adhesion molecule expression. These reactions often lead to aggravated neuronal injury. OBJECTIVE： To observe corticocerebral pathology, as well as ultrastructural changes, in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through optical and electron microscopy, and to investigate interventional effects of ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture （a brain-activating and orifice-opening acupuncture method）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuropathology, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between April and June 2004. MATERIALS： A total of 50 healthy, male, Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups, with 10 rats per group： control, sham-operated, model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao ＂. Transmission electron microscope （TEM 400ST） was provided by Philips, Netherlands. Electro-acupuncture treatment apparatus （KWD-8082） was provided by Changzhou Wujin Great Wall Medical Instrument, China. METHODS： Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ groups. Rats from the control group did not undergo any treatment. The sham-operated group received identical experimental procedures as the model group, except that the nylon suture was not inserted into the right internal carotid artery. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury induction, rats from the Xingnao Kaiqiao group underwent 1-minute acupuncture at the bilateral ＂Neiguan＂ （PC 6） acupoint, using a reducing method of lifting-thrusting and twirling-rotating. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to acupuncture at the ＂Renzhong＂ （DU26） acupoint 10 times by a heavy bird-pecking method. The non-acupoint group received acupuncture administration at the bilateral costal region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： After ischemia for 1 hour and reperfusion for 24 hours, corticocerebral morphology and ultrastructural changes were observed on the injured side through the use of optical and electron microscopy. RESULTS： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion resulted in damage to neurons, glial cells, and capillary vessels in the rat brain. ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture produced superior curative effects when it was performed 3 hours after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induction, resulting in slightly recovered neuronal structures, alleviated cellular interstitial edema, and more capillary vessels. At each corresponding time point, the ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ group exhibited improved neuronal structure and cellular interstitial edema, compared with the non-acupoint group. CONCLUSION： ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture results in protective effects on corticocerebral neuronal morphology and ultrastructure in rats following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
基金Supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.81330088)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for fibromyalgiasyndrome.METHODS: Two review authors independently selected the trials for the Meta-analysis, assessed their methodological quality and extracted relevant data. A quality assessment was conducted according to the Cochrane Review Handbook 5.0.RevMan 5.0.20 software was used in the statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 523 trials were reviewed and 9trials were selected for Meta-analysis.(a) Compared acupuncture with sham acupuncture, there was a significant difference in the visual analogue scale,but no difference in the pressure pain threshold.Additionally,and there was a difference in the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire and the multidisciplinary pain inventory after 4 weeks of treatment,but no difference after 7 weeks of therapy. There was no difference in the numerical rating scale in weeks 3, 8 and 13.(b) Acupuncture versus drugs.There were differences in the VAS after 20 days of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment comparing with the drug amitriptyline, and after 4 weeks of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment comparing with the drug fluoxetine and amitriptyline.There were also differences in the number of tender points when comparing acupuncture with amitriptyline or fluoxetine. There was no difference in total efficiency when comparing acupuncture with amitriptyline after 4 weeks of treatment, but there were differences between the two groups 45 days after treatment.There were also differences in total efficiency comparing acupuncture with fluoxetine,and when comparing 4 weeks post-treatment of acupuncture with a combination of amitriptyline,oryzanol and vitamin B.(c) A comparison of acupuncture, drugs and exercise with drugs and exercise showed PPT differences in months 3 and 6.There was no difference between the two comparison groups after follow-up visits in months 12 and 24.CONCLUSION: Compared with sham acupuncture,there was not enough evidence to prove the efficacy of acupuncture therapy for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Some evidence testified that the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy for fibromyalgia was superior to drugs; however, the included trials were not of high quality or had high bias risks.Acupuncture combined with drugs and exercise could increase pain thresholds in the short term, but there is a need for higher quality randomized controlled trials to further confirm this.
