IoT Based Greenhouse Real-Time Data Acquisition and Visualization through Message Queuing Telemetry Transfer (MQTT) Protocol

One of the most indispensable needs of life is food and its worldwide availability endorsement has made agriculture an essential sector in recent years. As the technology evolved, the need to maintain a good and suitable climate in the greenhouse became imperative to ensure that the indoor plants are more productive hence the agriculture sector was not left behind. That notwithstanding, the introduction and deployment of IoT technology in agriculture solves many problems and increases crop production. This paper focuses mainly on the deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) in acquiring real- time data of environmental parameters in the greenhouse. Various IoT technologies that can be applicable in greenhouse monitoring system was presented and in the proposed model, a method is developed to send the air temperature and humidity data obtained by the DHT11 sensor to the cloud using an ESP8266-based NodeMCU and firstly to the cloud platform Thing- Speak, and then to Adafruit.IO in which MQTT protocol was used for the reception of sensor data to the application layer referred as Human-Machine Interface. The system has been completely implemented in an actual prototype, allowing the acquiring of data and the publisher/subscriber concept used for communication. The data is published with a broker’s aid, which is responsible for transferring messages to the intended clients based on topic choice. Lastly, the functionality testing of MQTT was carried out and the results showed that the messages are successfully published.

Orientin and vitexin attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells:a molecular docking study,biochemical characterization,and mechanism analysis

Plant flavonoids have received considerable attention for their health benefits.However,structure-activity relationships between flavonoids such as orientin and vitexin with similar structures are rarely reported.In the present study,molecular docking study suggested that orientin and vitexin suppressed inflammatory responses through the modulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.Moreover,RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of orientin and vitexin,based on the inflammation-related cytokines production,quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR,and western blotting analysis.As a result,orientin or vitexin attenuated inflammatory responses through modulation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway by suppressing NF-κB translocation.

Aldh2 deficiency plays a dual role in lung tumorigenesis and tumor progression

Alcohol consumption contributes to global mortality and cancer development.Acetaldehyde(ACE),the oxidized metabolite of alcohol,is highly reactive towards DNA,resulting in DNA adducts.ACE can be detoxified to acetate by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2(ALDH2).ALDH2 deficiency can lead to ACE accumulation and DNA damage.