大汶河梯级拦蓄水库富营养化评估

基于大汶河沿线4个监测点2007—2014年水质资料,分析溶解氧、化学需氧量、氨氮等9项指标的年际变化特征,采用灰色模式识别模型评价大汶河水质状况。通过9个梯级水库2015年丰、平、枯水期水质现场调查,分析氮、磷营养盐时空变化特征,运用加权综合营养状态指数法评价梯级水库营养状态。结果表明:2007—2014年间,受流域内各项减排措施影响,大汶河有机污染得到有效缓解;受拦蓄工程影响,河段内TP明显变优,TN总体变差;灰色综合指数表明,水质状况整体有所好转,且季节波动趋于平稳。因污染程度不同,梯级水库富营养化状态有明显差异,部分库区丰水期和枯水期已分别爆发蓝藻和硅藻水华,不同水期因下泄流量不同等造成流动条件的差异,对库区水质有较大影响,水污染程度、工程拦蓄与运行造成的流动条件差异共同对库区内藻类生长与爆发产生重要影响。

废弃泥陶粒掺碎石制备植生混凝土性能研究

以由清淤海泥、市政污泥为原料制备的陶粒及碎石为组合骨料,选择5组不同的骨料配比制备植生混凝土进行性能比较分析。结果表明,V(陶粒)∶V(碎石)=1∶1时试件的28 d抗压强度可达到10.5 MPa;5组试样植生效果均较好,其中配置陶粒骨料的4个试验组发芽率均高于单一碎石骨料的试验组;5组试样对TN、TP和CODcr均有较好的去除效果,总体上配置陶粒后植生混凝土水质净化效果更优,以骨料中V(陶粒)∶V(碎石)=3∶1植生混凝土的综合性能最优;控制同一降雨强度(0.8 mm/min)条件下,试件滞蓄雨水能力随着骨料中陶粒占比增大而增大。

水热法表面改性陶粒及其对水中磷的吸附性能

采用水热法制备碳改性陶粒和铁/碳改性陶粒,对改性陶粒表面进行了表征,研究了改性陶粒对废水中磷的吸附效果。表征结果显示,改性后陶粒形貌更规则,比表面积增加,有机官能团种类增多。吸附实验结果表明,碳改性陶粒和铁/碳改性陶粒在初始磷质量浓度为5 mg/L、pH分别为6和5、陶粒投加量为0.03 mg/L的条件下,于35℃下吸附8 h,磷的去除率分别达到97.28%和93.10%,剩余磷质量浓度分别为0.136 mg/L和0.345 mg/L;Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学方程更适合描述两种改性陶粒对磷的吸附过程,且改性后陶粒均具有良好的解吸能力,解吸率随解吸剂浓度的增加而增大。

Surface Energy and Work of Adhesion of Titanium Oxide Related Materials

Surface energy and work of adhesion of titanium oxide related materials were investigated.Titanium oxide(TiOx) films were deposited by electron-beam evaporation system using TiO2 as a source material.The films deposited by various thickness and growth rate were etched subsequently by different plasma using various gases like Ar and O2.TiOx films were further modified by self-assembled monolayer(SAM)of silanes and ultraviolet(UV)irradiation.The surface modified TiOx films showed a wide range of water contact angles from 6.9°to 75.2°.The surface energies of Titania-related films and their work of adhesion with human blood were varied with different surface modification process.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)revealed that hydroxyl group present on the surface explains the hydrophilicity of the surface modified TiOx films.We also suggest that some surface modified samples can provide an excellent hemocompatible surface from the estimated work of adhesion between the surface modified TiOx samples and human blood.