The effects of ultrafine WC(WC_(UF),0.5μm) or W(1μm) and C(0.3μm)(W+C)_(UF) additives on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbides were compared systematically.O...The effects of ultrafine WC(WC_(UF),0.5μm) or W(1μm) and C(0.3μm)(W+C)_(UF) additives on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbides were compared systematically.Overall,the cemented carbides with WC_(UF)/(W+C)_(UF) additives are almost fully densification to be higher than 99%,and the average grain size is kept above 2.8μm.The WC_(UF) additive assists grains to(truncated)trigonal prism shape by two dimensional(2D) growth,whereas the(W+C)_(UF) additive assists grains to rounded shape by three dimensional(3D) growth,lowers WC contiguity and increases face-centered-cubic Co.The hardness and bending strength of(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co are 86.6 HRA and 2 272 MPa,respectively,both higher than those of(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co,which could be ascribed to the enhanced densification and unblemished grains.However,the fracture toughness of the(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co is 23.5 MPa·m^(1/2),higher than that of the(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co due to the uniform WC-Co structure and flexible binder phase.展开更多
针对采用爆破破岩方式对金属矿山遗留矿柱进行回采存在安全性差与矿石损失率高的局限性,将具有无振动特征的高效静态破碎剂(High Range Static Cracking Agent,HSCA)引入遗留矿柱回采中。通过设计HSCA膨胀压应力测试试验与静力破岩试验...针对采用爆破破岩方式对金属矿山遗留矿柱进行回采存在安全性差与矿石损失率高的局限性,将具有无振动特征的高效静态破碎剂(High Range Static Cracking Agent,HSCA)引入遗留矿柱回采中。通过设计HSCA膨胀压应力测试试验与静力破岩试验,分析了HSCA径向膨胀压应力大小及其分布规律与水灰比的关系。分别从膨胀压应力分布特征、主裂纹定向控制方法与破岩时效性3个方面,论证了通过HSCA静力破岩实现金属矿山遗留矿柱安全低损回采的可行性。研究结果表明:当水灰比大于理论最优水灰比时,膨胀压应力随着水灰比的增大而减小。对于上向倾斜装药孔膨胀压应力沿孔底至孔口方向呈增大趋势,对于下向倾斜装药孔膨胀压应力则呈减小趋势。采用HSCA静力破岩对遗留矿柱进行回采,遗留矿柱主裂纹走向可通过对装药孔进行预切槽、增设诱导片或新增诱导孔等方式进行定向控制,进而有效降低非破岩区矿岩的再损伤。因此,对于不宜采用爆破破岩方式对遗留矿柱进行回采的区域,HSCA静力破岩不仅有利于保障遗留矿柱回采安全,而且可提高遗留矿柱回收率。研究成果可为进一步探索金属矿山遗留矿柱回采破岩新理论与新技术提供参考。展开更多
基金Funded by the Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(No.2022QFY08-02)。
文摘The effects of ultrafine WC(WC_(UF),0.5μm) or W(1μm) and C(0.3μm)(W+C)_(UF) additives on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbides were compared systematically.Overall,the cemented carbides with WC_(UF)/(W+C)_(UF) additives are almost fully densification to be higher than 99%,and the average grain size is kept above 2.8μm.The WC_(UF) additive assists grains to(truncated)trigonal prism shape by two dimensional(2D) growth,whereas the(W+C)_(UF) additive assists grains to rounded shape by three dimensional(3D) growth,lowers WC contiguity and increases face-centered-cubic Co.The hardness and bending strength of(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co are 86.6 HRA and 2 272 MPa,respectively,both higher than those of(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co,which could be ascribed to the enhanced densification and unblemished grains.However,the fracture toughness of the(75WC_(C)-15(W+C)_(UF))-10Co is 23.5 MPa·m^(1/2),higher than that of the(75WC_(C)-15WC_(UF))-10Co due to the uniform WC-Co structure and flexible binder phase.
文摘目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)患者大脑灰质体积、灰质皮层厚度及基于皮层厚度的结构协变网络(structural covariance network,SCN)的拓扑属性改变。材料与方法本研究共筛选了250例来自ADNI数据库的被试,包括AD组100人,健康对照(healthy controls,HCs)组150人。首先,利用基于体素的形态学分析方法(voxel-based morphometry,VBM)和基于表面的形态学分析方法(surface-based morphometry,SBM)分别计算每组被试的灰质体积和皮层厚度并比较其组间差异。其次,将有组间差异的脑区定义为感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),提取每一个ROI的灰质体积和皮层厚度值,与认知量表进行偏相关分析。最后,构建基于皮层厚度的SCN并利用图论分析方法分析该网络的全局属性及局部属性的变化特征。结果第一,相较于HCs组,AD组的灰质体积和皮层厚度显著下降[体素和顶点水平总体误差(family-wise error,FWE)校正后P<0.001]。AD组灰质体积下降的脑区主要包括双侧海马、双侧眶额皮层、左侧岛叶、右侧枕下回、左侧楔前叶、左侧中央前回、左侧中央扣带回。AD组皮层厚度变薄的脑区主要包括双侧颞叶、双侧额叶、双侧顶叶、双侧扣带回、双侧梭状回、双侧岛回、双侧楔前叶等。第二,偏相关分析表明,AD组简易精神状态检查量表(Mini-Mental State Examination,MMSE)得分分别与右侧海马体积[rs=0.35,错误发现率(false discovery rate,FDR)校正后P<0.001]、左侧海马体积(r_(s)=0.38,FDR校正后P<0.001)、右侧梭状回皮层厚度(r_(s)=0.38,FDR校正后P<0.001)呈正相关;临床痴呆评定量表(Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes,CDR-SB)评分与左侧梭状回皮层厚度(r_(s)=-0.39,FDR校正后P<0.001)呈负相关。第三,脑网络分析表明,AD组SCN的全局效率(P<0.001)、局部效率(P=0.03)及小世界属性(P<0.001)高于HCs组,最短路径低于HCs组(P<0.001)。结论联合VBM、SBM的形态学分析及SCN的图论分析有助于全面理解AD患者脑网络的重组及其意义,进而为AD患者神经影像学改变提供新的见解和证据。
文摘针对采用爆破破岩方式对金属矿山遗留矿柱进行回采存在安全性差与矿石损失率高的局限性,将具有无振动特征的高效静态破碎剂(High Range Static Cracking Agent,HSCA)引入遗留矿柱回采中。通过设计HSCA膨胀压应力测试试验与静力破岩试验,分析了HSCA径向膨胀压应力大小及其分布规律与水灰比的关系。分别从膨胀压应力分布特征、主裂纹定向控制方法与破岩时效性3个方面,论证了通过HSCA静力破岩实现金属矿山遗留矿柱安全低损回采的可行性。研究结果表明:当水灰比大于理论最优水灰比时,膨胀压应力随着水灰比的增大而减小。对于上向倾斜装药孔膨胀压应力沿孔底至孔口方向呈增大趋势,对于下向倾斜装药孔膨胀压应力则呈减小趋势。采用HSCA静力破岩对遗留矿柱进行回采,遗留矿柱主裂纹走向可通过对装药孔进行预切槽、增设诱导片或新增诱导孔等方式进行定向控制,进而有效降低非破岩区矿岩的再损伤。因此,对于不宜采用爆破破岩方式对遗留矿柱进行回采的区域,HSCA静力破岩不仅有利于保障遗留矿柱回采安全,而且可提高遗留矿柱回收率。研究成果可为进一步探索金属矿山遗留矿柱回采破岩新理论与新技术提供参考。