Identification of new chlorophyll-deficient mutants will provide materials for studying signaling components and pathways between plastid and nucleus. A novel chlorophyll-deficient mutant, named Mt6172, was obtained b...Identification of new chlorophyll-deficient mutants will provide materials for studying signaling components and pathways between plastid and nucleus. A novel chlorophyll-deficient mutant, named Mt6172, was obtained by spaceflight environment induction. Genetic analysis showed that its inheritance was controlled by nuclear and cytoplamic genes. Leaf color of its self-fertilized progenies was albino, narrow-white striped, or green. Only a few cells with abnormal chloroplasts were observed in albino plants and white section of narrow-white striped plants. These chloroplasts had obvious flaws in inner structure, and granum lamellae was extremely disordered. The narrow-white striped plants were characterized with green- and-narrow-white striped leaves, and the width of stripes between different plants was even, their plant height, number of productive tillers, and 1 000-grain weight were lower than those of the wild type. The narrow-white striped plants and the wild type had significant difference in the value of potential activity of photosystem II at all tested stages. At elongation stage, which was impacted the most seriously, effective quantum yield significantly decreased, whereas the energy for photoprotection and photodamage significantly increased. changes of electron transport rate, photochemical dissipation, Under different photosynthetic active radiation conditions, and effective quantum yield were different, electron transport rate was more impacted than other parameters. Therefore, the leaf morphology and inheritance of mutant Mt6172 was different from the other reported mutants in wheat, and it was a novel mutant of chloroDhvll deficiency.展开更多
Low stature in wheat is closely associated with lodging resistance,and this impacts harvest index and grain yield.The discovery of novel dwarfing or semi-dwarfing genes can have great significance for dwarf wheat bree...Low stature in wheat is closely associated with lodging resistance,and this impacts harvest index and grain yield.The discovery of novel dwarfing or semi-dwarfing genes can have great significance for dwarf wheat breeding.In this study,we identified an EMS induced dwarf wheat mutant JE0124 from the elite cultivar Jing411.JE0124 possesses increased stem strength and a 33%reduction in plant height compared with wild type.Giberelic acid(GA)treatment analysis suggested that JE0124 was GA-sensitive.Analysis of the frequency distribution of plant height in four F,populations derived from crosses between JE0124 and the relatively taller varieties Nongda 5181 and WT indicated that the dwarfism phenotype was quantitatively inherited.We used two F,populations and 312 individuals from the reciprocal cross of Nongda 5181 and JE0124 to map the quantitative trait locus(QTL)for reduced height to a 0.85-cM interval on chromosome 2DL.The mapping was done by using a combination of 660K SNP array-based bulked segregant analysis(BSA)and genetic linkage analysis,with logarithm of odds(LOD)scores of 5.34 and 5.78,respectively.Additionally,this QTL accounted for 8.27-8.52%of the variation in the phenotype.The dwarf mutant JE0124 and the newly discovered dwarfing gene on chromosome 2DL in this study will enrich genetic resources for dwarf wheat breeding.展开更多
To study the effects of different concentrations of Abscisic Acid(ABA) on leaf tissue structure of Korla fragrant pear and lay the foundation for the cultivation and regulation of Korla fragrant pear. Using the paraff...To study the effects of different concentrations of Abscisic Acid(ABA) on leaf tissue structure of Korla fragrant pear and lay the foundation for the cultivation and regulation of Korla fragrant pear. Using the paraffin section method, the leaf thickness, the epidermis thickness, the palisade tissue thickness and the sponge tissue thickness were measured; palisade spongy ratio, Cell Tightness(CT) and Cell Looseness(CL) were examined after treatments with exogenous ABA. Leaf thickness, leaf palisade spongy ratio and palisade tissue thickness increased significantly after exogenous ABA treatment compared with CK, while the effect on leaf epidermis was not obvious. The leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness increased evidently after 70 mg · LABA treatment by 24.89% and 41.10%, respectively. The tissue structures of leaves were more compact, while CL was lower after 70 and 90 mg · LABA treatments. The effects of different concentrations of exogenous ABA could increase the leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness of Korla fragrant pear and CT, reduced the thickness of spongy tissue and CL. Among those concentrations of exogenous ABA, the effect of spraying 70 mg · Lexogenous ABA was suitable for improving cold resistance of Korla fragrant pear.展开更多
基金funded by the National High-Tech R&D Program of China (2012AA101202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31100610)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest, China(201103007)the International Atomic Energy Agency Project
文摘Identification of new chlorophyll-deficient mutants will provide materials for studying signaling components and pathways between plastid and nucleus. A novel chlorophyll-deficient mutant, named Mt6172, was obtained by spaceflight environment induction. Genetic analysis showed that its inheritance was controlled by nuclear and cytoplamic genes. Leaf color of its self-fertilized progenies was albino, narrow-white striped, or green. Only a few cells with abnormal chloroplasts were observed in albino plants and white section of narrow-white striped plants. These chloroplasts had obvious flaws in inner structure, and granum lamellae was extremely disordered. The narrow-white striped plants were characterized with green- and-narrow-white striped leaves, and the width of stripes between different plants was even, their plant height, number of productive tillers, and 1 000-grain weight were lower than those of the wild type. The narrow-white striped plants and the wild type had significant difference in the value of potential activity of photosystem II at all tested stages. At elongation stage, which was impacted the most seriously, effective quantum yield significantly decreased, whereas the energy for photoprotection and photodamage significantly increased. changes of electron transport rate, photochemical dissipation, Under different photosynthetic active radiation conditions, and effective quantum yield were different, electron transport rate was more impacted than other parameters. Therefore, the leaf morphology and inheritance of mutant Mt6172 was different from the other reported mutants in wheat, and it was a novel mutant of chloroDhvll deficiency.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0102100 and 2016YFD0101802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801346)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-03).
文摘Low stature in wheat is closely associated with lodging resistance,and this impacts harvest index and grain yield.The discovery of novel dwarfing or semi-dwarfing genes can have great significance for dwarf wheat breeding.In this study,we identified an EMS induced dwarf wheat mutant JE0124 from the elite cultivar Jing411.JE0124 possesses increased stem strength and a 33%reduction in plant height compared with wild type.Giberelic acid(GA)treatment analysis suggested that JE0124 was GA-sensitive.Analysis of the frequency distribution of plant height in four F,populations derived from crosses between JE0124 and the relatively taller varieties Nongda 5181 and WT indicated that the dwarfism phenotype was quantitatively inherited.We used two F,populations and 312 individuals from the reciprocal cross of Nongda 5181 and JE0124 to map the quantitative trait locus(QTL)for reduced height to a 0.85-cM interval on chromosome 2DL.The mapping was done by using a combination of 660K SNP array-based bulked segregant analysis(BSA)and genetic linkage analysis,with logarithm of odds(LOD)scores of 5.34 and 5.78,respectively.Additionally,this QTL accounted for 8.27-8.52%of the variation in the phenotype.The dwarf mutant JE0124 and the newly discovered dwarfing gene on chromosome 2DL in this study will enrich genetic resources for dwarf wheat breeding.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Projects of China during the 12th Five-year Plan-key Techniques of High Quality and High Efficiency Production of Fruit Trees(2014BAD16B07)Central Finance Forestry Science and Technology Extension Project(ZYLTKJTG2015017)National Featured Fruit Trees Root Stock Germplasm Resources Platform(Luntai)(NICGR2017-60)
文摘To study the effects of different concentrations of Abscisic Acid(ABA) on leaf tissue structure of Korla fragrant pear and lay the foundation for the cultivation and regulation of Korla fragrant pear. Using the paraffin section method, the leaf thickness, the epidermis thickness, the palisade tissue thickness and the sponge tissue thickness were measured; palisade spongy ratio, Cell Tightness(CT) and Cell Looseness(CL) were examined after treatments with exogenous ABA. Leaf thickness, leaf palisade spongy ratio and palisade tissue thickness increased significantly after exogenous ABA treatment compared with CK, while the effect on leaf epidermis was not obvious. The leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness increased evidently after 70 mg · LABA treatment by 24.89% and 41.10%, respectively. The tissue structures of leaves were more compact, while CL was lower after 70 and 90 mg · LABA treatments. The effects of different concentrations of exogenous ABA could increase the leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness of Korla fragrant pear and CT, reduced the thickness of spongy tissue and CL. Among those concentrations of exogenous ABA, the effect of spraying 70 mg · Lexogenous ABA was suitable for improving cold resistance of Korla fragrant pear.
