铟的还原浸出动力学及分步沉淀选择性分离

开展硫化锌精矿还原浸出高铁锌浸出渣高效浸铟及浸出液中铟选择性分离的研究。结果表明:在固体物料粒度74~105μm、反应温度90℃、浸出时间300 min、硫酸浓度1.4 mol/L的条件下,铟的浸出率达95%以上。采用收缩核模型对还原浸出动力学进行分析,不同条件下的浸出实验结果表明反应受穿过固体产物层的扩散控制,活化能为17.96 k J/mol,相对于硫酸浓度的反应级数为2.41。铁粉置换沉铜过程铜和砷的沉淀率均达99%以上。98%以上的铟从含高亚铁离子浓度的硫酸锌溶液中选择性分离,获得铟含量约为2.4%的富铟渣,经酸浸-萃取-电积工艺流程进一步处理后可得到纯铟。

Transcriptional regulation effect of constituents in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. based on human progesterone X receptor(hPXR) mediated CYP3A4 rapid screening system

OBJECTIVE This study investigated transcriptional regulation of the main chemical con.stituents of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.including Stilbene Glucoside(THSG) and anthraquinone constituents(Emodin,Rhein,Aloeemodin,Chrysophanol and Physcion) and six potential liver injury constituents(gallic acid,quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol,resveratrol) on mediated by PXR CYP3A4.Early establishment of pregnane X receptor mediated CYP3A4 drug induced rapid screening technique was used to determine the effects of these constituents.METHODS First,effect of constituents on the cell activity was detected by MTS cell viability assay.IC50 was calculated.Second,the expression vector and reporter vector were co-transfected into Hep G2 cells,10 μmol·L^(-1) Rifampicin as a positive control,10 μmol·L^(-1) Ketoconazole as a negative control.After treated with different concentrations of(the an.thraquinone constituents concentrations were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol·L^(-1);the concentrations of Gallic Acid,Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol,Apigenin,Resveratrol concentrations were 5,10 and 20 μmol·L^(-1)) for24 h,the cells were tested for dual luciferase activity.RESULTS The results show that the inhibitory ef.fect of THSG,Chrysophanol,Emodin,Rhein and Aloeemodin on CYP3A4 was inhibited by co-transfec.tion of pcDNA3.1 and pGL4.17-CYP3A4.The expression of pcDNA3.14-PXR and pGL4.17-CYP3A4 was induced by the four constituents.Besides,Emodin has a directly inducing effect.Four anthraqui.none constituentscan induce the effect of CYP3A4 by PXR,but Emodin can directly induce CYP3A4.THSG can inhibit CYP3A4,but in the presence of PXR plasmid can induce CYP3A4.For the six poten.tial liver injury constituents,results show that the plasmid pcDNA3.1 was cotransfected with pGL4.17-CYP3A4 regulation of Gallic Acid and Resveratrol on CYP3A4 inhibitory effects of Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol have an induce effect;after pcDNA3.14-PXR and pGL4.17-CYP3A4 cotransfected,Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol,Apigenin,Resveratrol have induced effect,three constituents' induc.tion effect had significant difference.CONCLUSION 12 kinds of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.constit.uents have inhibitory or activating effects on CYP3A4,after the participation of PXR,9 components have induced effects on CYP3A4,and the induction effect of 6 components has significant difference.The results suggested that we should pay attention to potential drug interactions when combined with Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,and improve safety and efficacy.

Clinical effect of Calcium Dobesilate combinated with Alprostadil in the vascular endothelium of patients with diabetic nephropathy

Objective: To research the effect of calcium dobesilate combinated with alprostadil on the changes of vascular endothelium function in patients with t diabetic nephropathy (DN), and assess the clinical effect and record the untoward effect. Method: A totoal of 120 patients with DN, then they were randomly divided into control group (n=60) and observation group(n=60). Two groups were given hypoglycemic (melbinum)+improving circulatory (calcium dobesilate), and observation group were given alprostadil on the basic, they were treated 30 days. After treatment, we observed the changes of fasting plasma glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), the factot of vasomotion angiokinesis (nitrogen oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)), diastolic function of vascular endothelium (flow mediated dilation (FMD), nitroglycerin mediated dilation (NMD)), renal function index (glomerular filtration rate (GFR), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin excrete rate (AER), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary albumin evacuate ratio (UAER)), and record the untoward effect. Results: After treatment, the FBG, 2hPBG were both lower than before treatment in both groups, the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05), and the FBG, 2hPBG in the observation group were lower than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the ET-1, VEGF were both lower than before treatment in both groups, the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05), and the ET-1, VEGF in the observation group were lower than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the NO, FDM, NDM were higher than before treatment in both groups, the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05), and the NO, FDM, NDM in the observation group were higher than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the GFR, Cr, BUN, AER, UACR, and UAER were both lower than before treatment in both groups, the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05), and the GFR, Cr, BUN, UACR, and UAER in the observation group were lower than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions: Treatment of the patients with DN before improving the cardiovascular system and hypoglycemic, giving the alprostadil can improve the function of vascular endothelium, rasing the clinical effect and safety.