Effect of Selective Dorsal Neurectomy on Erectile Function in Rats

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of penile selective dorsal neurectomy(SDN)on erectile function in rats.Methods Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats(15 weeks old)were divided into three groups(n=4 per group):in control group,rats received no treatment;in sham group,rats underwent a sham operation;in SDN group,rats underwent SDN with half of the dorsal penile nerve severed.The mating test was performed,and the intracavernous pressure(ICP)assessed six weeks after the surgical treatment.Results At postoperative six weeks,the mating test revealed no significant difference in mounting latency and mounting frequency among the three groups(P>0.05),while the ejaculation latency(EL)was significantly longer and ejaculation frequency(EF)lower in the SDN group than in the control and sham groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in preoperative and postoperative ICP and ICP/mean arterial blood pressure(MAP)among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion SDN does not adversely affect the erectile function and sexual desire of rats,and at the same time it can reduce EL and EF,providing an application basis for SDN in the clinical treatment of premature ejaculation.

Diagnosis and evaluation of gastric cancer by positron emission tomography

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.The diagnosis of gastric cancer has been significantly improved with the broad availability of gastrointestinal endoscopy.Effective technologies for accurate staging and quantitative evaluation are still in demand to merit reasonable treatment and better prognosis for the patients presented with advanced disease.Preoperative staging using conventional imaging tools,such as computed tomography(CT)and endoscopic ultrasonography,is inadequate.Positron emission tomography(PET),using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)as a tracer and integrating CT for anatomic localization,holds a promise to detect unsuspected metastasis and has been extensively used in a variety of malignancies.However,the value of FDG PET/CT in diagnosis and evaluation of gastric cancer is still controversial.This article reviews the current literature in diagnosis,staging,response evaluation,and relapse monitoring of gastric cancer,and discusses the current understanding,improvement,and future prospects in this area.

Influencing Factors for Erectile Dysfunction of Young Adults with No Response to PDE5i

Erectile dysfunction(ED)is a common male disorder.Although orally-administered phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors(PDE5 inhibitors)are now recognized as the primary pharmacological treatment method for ED,20%-30%of the patients treated with PDE5 inhibitors exhibit no significant effects.This study aims to investigate the influencing factors of ED in young adults with no response to PDE5 inhibitors.ED patients who would take PDE5 inhibitors were included and investigated with a questionnaire.Patients with no response to PDE5 inhibitors(tadalafil and sildenafil)served as study group,and those with response to PDE5 inhibitors as control group.Then Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were applied to find the potential influencing factors.In total,378 ED patients were included.Ninety-three(24.6%)cases were non-responsive to PDE5 inhibitors,and the remaining 285(75.4%)responded to PDE5 inhibitors.In multiple logistic regression analysis,we found that history of drinking(OR=3.152;95%CI 1.672-6.975),spousal noncooperation(OR=2.994;95%CI 1.589-5.638),number of fixed sex partners(OR=0.358;95%CI 0.132-0.651),duration of ED(OR=3.356;95%CI 1.352-8.333),and depression(OR=3.689;95%CI 1.579-8.979)could be the influencing factors for ED patients’non-response to PDE5 inhibitors.In conclusion,history of drinking,spousal noncooperation,number of fixed sex partner,long duration of ED,and depression could be the influencing factors for ED patients'non-response to PDE5 inhibitors.Patients and doctors should pay attention to these factors.

Potential application of neogalactosylalbumin in positron emission tomography evaluation of liver function

AIM To investigate the evaluation of neogalactosylalbumin(NGA) for liver function assessment based on positron emission tomography technology.METHODS Female Kunming mice were assigned randomly to two groups: fibrosis group and normal control group. A murine hepatic fibrosis model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of 10% carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4) at 0.4 m L every 48 h for 42 d. ^(18)F-labeled NGA([^(18)F]FNGA) was synthesized and administered at a dosage of 3.7 MBq/mouse to both fibrosis mice and normal control mice. Distribution of [^(18)F]FNGA amongst organs was examined, and dynamic scanning was performed. Parameters were set up to compare the uptake of tracers by fibrotic liver and healthy liver. Serologic tests for liver function were also performed.RESULTS The liver function of the fibrosis model mice was significantly impaired by the use of CCl_4. In the fibrosis model mice, hepatic fibrosis was verified by naked eye assessment and pathological analysis. [^(18)F]FNGA was found to predominantly accumulate in liver and kidneys in both control group(n = 21) and fibrosis group(n = 23). The liver uptake ability(LUA), peak time(T_p), and uptake rate(LUR) of [^(18)F]FNGA between healthy liver(n = 8) and fibrosis liver(n = 10) were significantly different(P < 0.05, < 0.01, and < 0.05, respectively). LUA was significantly correlated with total serum protein level(TP)(P < 0.05). T_p was significantly correlated with both TP and glucose(Glu) concentration(P < 0.05 both), and LUR was significantly correlated with both total bile acid and Glu concentration(P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively).CONCLUSION[^(18)F]FNGA mainly accumulated in liver and remained for sufficient time. Functionally-impaired liver showed a significant different uptake pattern of [^(18)F]FNGA compared to the controls.

Evaluation of the long-term safety and effectiveness of tadalafil once daily in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction： interim results of a multicenter, randomized, open-label trial

一次每日的 tadalafil 管理很好被建立了；然而，关于在中国人口的一次每日的治疗正在缺乏的 tadalafil 学习。在这分阶段执行 4， postmarketing 学习，我们查明了 tadalafil 的长期的安全和有效性 2.5 mg 和在有可勃起的机能障碍的中国人从前每日的 5.0 mg (n = 635 ) 。学习的主要端点是在由经历至少一个处理突现的不利事件的病人的比例估计了的 12 个月的安全(严肃或 nonserious ) 。第二等的端点包括了安全和有效性，由可勃起的功能可勃起的功能(IIEF-EF ) 领域分数的国际索引测量了。到 tadalafil 的已知的安全侧面的类似的不利事件例如鼻咽炎，上面的呼吸的道感染，头疼，和头昏，被检测。没有新心血管的安全担心被观察。在 3 月治疗以后， IIEF-EF 领域分数的重要增加为两 2.5-mg 被检测(最少的广场[LS ] 吝啬的变化：6.3；95% 信心间隔[CI ] ：5.4-7.1；P < 0.001 ) 并且 5.0-mg (LS 吝啬的变化：7.4；95% CI：6.8-7.9；P < 0.001 ) tadalafil 剂量，和意义被维持直到 12 个月。另外，约 40% 病人重获跟随 1 年 tadalafil 的正常可勃起的功能(IIEF-EF 26 ) 一次每日的治疗。在这研究的调查结果为 tadalafil 的扩大有效性和 tolerability 提供证据，示威不新的安全担心，在一张中国人口并且为与可勃起的机能障碍在中国人改进性性能和满足使一次每日的 tadalafil 管理成为一种可行选择。