Effects of the adaptations to climate changes on the income of herdsmen in Qinghai Province

This study aims to implement the empirical analysis of the effects of the adaptive measures on the income of herdsmen in the context of the climate change with the positive mathematical programming(PMP)model.The survey was first implemented in three counties in the Three Headwaters Region.Finally the measures and recommendations suitable for the economic development in the ecologically fragile areas were proposed.The main conclusions are as follows:priority can be given to the measures to prevent the damage from rats and the engineering measures for pasture maintenance in Zeku County,where the geological conditions and grass quality are inferior,while the fiscal subsidy can be prioritized in Tongde County where the grassland area is relatively less.These recommendations can not only provide good reference for the protection of grassland resources,but they also lay a foundation for the implementation of more suitable measures to help the herdsmen in the ecologically fragile areas to adapt to the climate change.

Analysis of Investigation on Ebian Spotted Cattle and Suggestions

Ebian spotted cattle has the ability to adapt to the local natural ecological environment,and is one of the excellent local cattle breeds in Sichuan.Ebian spotted cattle is a breed of cattle for both service and meat use and formed through long-term natural selection and artificial selection.Because of the weak development and utilization of this breed,the economic benefits of excellent breeds have not been fully brought into play,and farmers'enthusiasm in breeding is poor,so that the number of Ebian spotted cattle has reduced year by year.In order to strengthen the protection,development and utilization of Ebian spotted cattle as a local excellent breed,combined with the third national survey of livestock and poultry genetic resources in 2021,Ebian spotted cattle was investigated,and a comprehensive,scientific and objective analysis of its population numbers was conducted.Besides,reasonable suggestions were put forward.

松辽黑猪、雷香猪、杜长大白猪肉质性状及肌肉营养成分比较研究

为了比较松辽黑猪、雷香猪、杜长大白猪肉质性状及肌肉营养成分,选取松辽黑猪、雷香猪、杜长大白猪进行屠宰,对肉质性状、肌肉氨基酸及脂肪酸含量进行测定,结果表明:松辽黑猪剪切力、肌内脂肪含量显著高于杜长大白猪(P<0.05),熟肉率显著高于雷香猪(P<0.05),雷香猪剪切力、肌内脂肪含量极显著高于杜长大白猪(P<0.01);松辽黑猪和雷香猪肌肉中丙氨酸含量极显著高于杜长大白猪(P<0.01),甘氨酸含量松辽黑猪显著高于雷香猪(P<0.05),极显著高于杜长大白猪(P<0.01);雷香猪亚油酸含量显著低于杜长大白猪(P<0.05)。文章对优质高端黑猪肉生产群体的选择提供了参考。

优质黑猪育种30年工作体会

品种是影响养猪生产中的最重要因素,猪育种是一项复杂且系统的工程,文章从育种素材筛选、育种方案设计、育种方法选择、品种审定以及扩群产业化推广等方面进行详细的阐述,并结合育种经验提出相应猪育种建议。

Biomass Accumulation and Water Purification of Water Spinach Planted on Water Surface by Floating Beds for Treating Biogas Slurry

To find a new way treating the wastewater from biogas reactors in a pig farm, vegetated floating bed was built for observing the water-purifying capability of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) planted on the water surface. Experiments were carried out to record the growth and biomass accumulation of water spinach and its effect on purification of biogas wastewater. The results show that the water which mixed with biogas wastewater has been purified significantly by water spinach on the floating bed. During its growth season within four months, the overall length of water spinach reached 199 ± 35 cm, while its root length reached 63 ± 28.6 cm. The average weight of individual fresh plant is of 1285 ± 619.7 g. Meanwhile, the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in water under the floating bed decreased from 8.9 ± 0.062 mg·L-1 to 0.5 ± 0.011 mg·L-1;the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) decreased from 4.4 ± 0.236 mg·L-1 to 0.92 ± 0.024 mg·L-1;the concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased from 87.3 ± 6.68 mg·L-1 to 0.74 ± 0.46 mg·L-1. It suggests that the water spinach removed more than 90% of pollutants in terms of TN, TP, and COD from the water. Results show that the vegetated floating bed technique is a feasible way to dispose the biogas slurry.

Construction of DNA Fingerprint Using SSR Marker for Hybrid Rice Cultivars Approved by Hunan Province

[Objective] This study aimed to construct DNA fingerprint for hybrid rice cultivars those have been approved by Hunan Province. [Method] The primers which produced polymorphic and bright DNA bands were selected to construct the DNA molecular fingerprint map for 77 major hybrid rice cultivars approved by Hunan Province. [ Result] A total of 48 SSR primers were selected. Every cultivar had its unique fingerprint map so that the obtained data could identify differ- ent hybrid rice cultivars. [ Conclusion] This study made great contributions to the perfection of hybrid rice germplasm identification.

The Growth Characteristics of Three Terrestrial Plants Cultivated with Biogas Slurry as a Hydroponic Medium

Biogas slurry is a traditional high-quality organic liquid fertilizer. Three terrestrial plants with high economic value, fu gui cai, yang xin cai and strawberry, were selected for hydroponic cultivation using an optimal dilution of biogas slurry. The results of the experiments showed that strawberries could bloom and bear fruit and fu gui cai and yang xin cai grew well. However, in comparison with the control groups planted in soil, all three crops were subject to a certain degree of environmental stress, as shown by changes in growth, biomass indicators, physiological indicators and morphological indicators. The leaves and stems of yang cai and fu gui cai were tested for several types of heavy metals, and all met the requirements for human consumption. It is feasible to cultivate these three plants with biogas slurry. The results of this study can help guide hydroponic production practices and have practical significance and reference value.

Genome Warehouse: A Public Repository Housing Genome-scale Data

The Genome Warehouse(GWH)is a public repository housing genome assembly data for a wide range of species and delivering a series of web services for genome data submission,storage,release,and sharing.As one of the core resources in the National Genomics Data Center(NGDC),part of the China National Center for Bioinformation(CNCB;https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn),GWH accepts both full and partial(chloroplast,mitochondrion,and plasmid)genome sequences with different assembly levels,as well as an update of existing genome assemblies.For each assembly,GWH collects detailed genome-related metadata of biological project,biological sample,and genome assembly,in addition to genome sequence and annotation.To archive high-quality genome sequences and annotations,GWH is equipped with a uniform and standardized procedure for quality control.Besides basic browse and search functionalities,all released genome sequences and annotations can be visualized with JBrowse.By May 21,2021,GWH has received 19,124 direct submissions covering a diversity of 1108 species and has released 8772 of them.Collectively,GWH serves as an important resource for genomescale data management and provides free and publicly accessible data to support research activities throughout the world.GWH is publicly accessible at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gwh.

Silicon-based epitaxial ferroelectric memristor for high temperature operation in self-assembled vertically aligned BaTiO_(3)-CeO_(2) films

Ferroelectric memristors,as one of the most potential non-volatile memory to meet the rapid development of the artificial intelligence era,have the comprehensive function of simulating brain storage and calculation.However,due to the high dielectric loss of traditional ferroelectric materials,the durability of ferroelectric memristors and Si based integration have a great challenge.Here,we report a silicon-based epitaxial ferroelectric memristor based on self-assembled vertically aligned nanocomposites BaTiO_(3)(BTO)-CeO_(2) films.The BTO-CeO_(2) memristors exhibit a stable resistance switching behavior at a high temperature of 100℃ due to higher Curie temperatures of BTO-CeO_(2) films with in-plane compressive strain.And the endurance of the device can reach the order of magnitude of 1×106 times.More importantly,the device has excellent functions for simulating artificial synaptic behavior,including excitatory post-synaptic current,paired-pulse facilitation,paired-pulse depression,spike-time-dependent plasticity,and short and long-term plasticity.Digits recognition ability of the memristor devices is evaluated though a single-layer perceptron model,in which recognition accuracy of digital can reach 86.78%after 20 training iterations.These results provide new way for epitaxial composite ferroelectric films as memristor medium with high temperature intolerance and better durability integrated on silicon.

IC4R-2.0:Rice Genome Reannotation Using Massive RNA-seq Data

Genome reannotation aims for complete and accurate characterization of gene models and thus is of critical significance for in-depth exploration of gene function.Although the availability of massive RNA-seq data provides great opportunities for gene model refinement,few efforts have been made to adopt these precious data in rice genome reannotation.Here we reannotate the rice(Oryza sativa L.ssp.japonica)genome based on integration of large-scale RNA-seq data and release a new annotation system IC4 R-2.0.In general,IC4 R-2.0 significantly improves the completeness of gene structure,identifies a number of novel genes,and integrates a variety of functional annotations.Furthermore,long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)and circular RNAs(circRNAs)are systematically characterized in the rice genome.Performance evaluation shows that compared to previous annotation systems,IC4 R-2.0 achieves higher integrity and quality,primarily attributable to massive RNA-seq data applied in genome annotation.Consequently,we incorporate the improved annotations into the Information Commons for Rice(IC4 R),a database integrating multiple omics data of rice,and accordingly update IC4 R by providing more user-friendly web interfaces and implementing a series of practical online tools.Together,the updated IC4 R,which is equipped with the improved annotations,bears great promise for comparative and functional genomic studies in rice and other monocotyledonous species.The IC4 R-2.0 annotation system and related resources are freely accessible at http://ic4 r.org/.

Effects of Imports and Exports on China's PM2.5 Pollution

This paper examines the effects o f imports and exports on Chinas PM2.5 pollution using data from 31 provinces during the period 2001-2016.At the aggregate level,our analysis shows that exports have a pollution-generating effect while imports have a pollution-shifting effect on provincial PM2.5 pollution.Cross-sectional analysis reveals that imports and exports exhibit opposite effects on manufacturing and high-tech industries,but demonstrate the same pollution-generating effect for the heavy industry sector.At the regional level,the effects are similar to those at the aggregate level.We also examine the impacts o f other factors on PM2.5 pollution.Our empirical evidence shows that PM2.5 pollution is positively correlated with domestic sales,population density,economic growth,urbanization rate,and transportation,but negatively correlated with energy efficiency and industry structure.This paper suggests that reducing exports and increasing imports will help to reduce PM2.5 pollution.