Activities of some defense proteins associated with age or plant family in larch needles of Larix olgensis and L. kaempferi× L. gmelinii

Defence proteins are a kind of chemical defence compounds. They play a key role in plant restraining biotic and abiotic harm. To illuminate activities of some defense proteins associated with age or plant family of larch, the larch needles were collected from two different families of Korean larch, Larix olgensis and a hybrid larch, L. kaempferi × L. gmelinii, respectively, and then the activities of defence proteins in those were tested using a UV spectrophotometry. The results showed that the activities of protective enzymes at thel6-/17- and 19-year-age groups were higher than those at the other age groups in the both larch species. While the activities of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） at the 16-/17-year-age group and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL） and protease inhibitors at the 19-year-age group were the highest among all age groups. Then, compared with L. olgensis, the hybrid larch had significant effects on the activities of protective enzymes. The effects of plant family on the activities of PAL and chymotrypsin inhibitor were significantly different, and then those on the activities of PPO were not significantly different. The effects of the two families in L. olgensis on the activities of trypsin inhibitor （TI） were significantly different, while those in the hybrid larch on the activities of TI were contrary. To conclusions showed that the different age and plant family significantly affected the activities of defence proteins in the needles of two larch species, and then enhanced the larch resistance to pests. These could play a key function in forestry tree genetic improvement and management in future.

急性共同性内斜视患者的立体视觉功能及相关因素分析

目的:分析急性共同性内斜视(AACE)患者的立体视觉功能及相关危险因素。方法:系列病例研究。连续收集2022年1月至2023年3月于北京同仁医院斜视与小儿眼科确诊的AACE患者共127例。收集患者的临床资料包括病史、屈光度、斜视度、双眼视觉功能(双眼同时视功能、融合功能、远立体视觉功能、近立体视觉功能、动态立体视觉功能)等眼部情况。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较看远和看近斜视度,Logistic回归模型分析远立体视、动态立体视觉功能的相关危险因素,线性回归模型分析近立体视觉功能的相关危险因素。结果:127例AACE患者中,正视6例,远视14例,近视107例。初次发病年龄4~57(22.2±12.4)岁,每日近距离用眼时间为2~16(8.3±3.0)h。看远斜视度为+30^(△)(+19^(△),+45^(△)),看近斜视度为+25^(△)(+15^(△),+45^(△)),看远斜视度大于看近斜视度,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.17,P=0.002)。所有患者中存在同时视功能126例,存在融合功能116例,存在远立体视觉功能71例。近立体视觉功能方面,存在中心立体视17例,周边立体视42例,立体视盲68例。动态立体视觉功能方面,33例低速通过,26例高速通过,68例高速不通过。发病年龄早、眼位偏斜角度大是远立体视觉功能[OR=1.05,95%可信区间(CI):1.01-1.10,P=0.024;OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.98,P<0.001]、近立体视觉功能(β=-0.16,t=-2.00,P=0.048;β=0.51,t=6.29,P<0.001)和动态立体视觉功能(OR=1.05,95%CI:1.00-1.09,P=0.032;OR=0.95,95%CI:0.92-0.98,P<0.001)损伤的危险因素。结论:AACE患者立体视觉功能存在不同程度的损伤,发病年龄早和斜视角度大是立体视觉功能损伤的重要危险因素。

视感知觉检查系统对共同性外斜视术后立体视功能重建的相关预测因素

目的:引入视感知觉可塑性评分检查训练系统,评价该检测方法在临床应用中预测共同性外斜视术后立体视恢复状况的准确度以及灵敏度和特异度。方法:前瞻性临床研究。连续收集2017年1─9月在北京同仁医院诊断为共同性外斜视且进行手术治疗的患者136例,在术后1周接受视感知觉可塑性评分检查。采用秩相关分析手术年龄、病程时长、术前斜视角度、术后1周斜视角度等因素与可塑性评分相关性。所有患者均从术后1周开始进行视感知觉训练,分别于术后1、3、6个月进行远、近立体视功能检测,制作ROC曲线,评价可塑性评分对术后不同时间点远、近立体视功能恢复预测的准确度及灵敏度和特异度。采用Delong test将可塑性评分以及传统临床指标对半年立体视功能的恢复状况的预测效能进行比较。结果:间歇性外斜视患者109例(80.2%),恒定性外斜视27例(19.9%)。可塑性评分分别与年龄、术前斜视度、斜视病程、外斜视类型、术后1周斜视度相关(r=-0.3、-0.2、-0.3、0.4、-0.3,均P<0.05)。可塑性评分在术后半年内不同时间点对立体视功能均具有预测能力,其中对术后6个月远、近立体视功能恢复正常均具有中等程度的预测意义,曲线下面积(AUC)均>0.7,P<0.001。传统临床指标中,术前近立体视功能对术后半年近立体视功能有较低的预测能力(AUC=0.63<0.7,P=0.009);术前看远斜视角度对术后6个月远、近立体视功能能否完全恢复正常具有较低的预测能力(AUC=0.66<0.7,P=0.02),但这些指标与可塑性评分的预测能力相比,差异无统计学意义(Z=1.2、1.4,P>0.05)。结论:视感知觉检查训练系统中,可塑性评分可以有效地预测共同性外斜视患者术后远、近立体视功能的恢复状况,为术后患者制定进一步的诊疗策略提供依据。

Wind speed equalization-based incoming wind classification by aggregating DFIGs

With the development of wind energy,it is necessary to develop equivalent models to represent dynamic behaviors of wind farms in power systems.The equivalent wind method is investigated for the aggregation of doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines.The detailed procedures for the calculation of equivalent wind are analyzed.The necessity of classifying incoming winds is shown.To improve the performances of the method,incoming winds are classified according to mean wind speeds and positive/negative semi-variances of wind speeds,and a group of turbines with similar incoming winds are aggregated together.The effectiveness of the method is verified through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink.

Adrb1 and Adrb2b are the major β-adrenergic receptors regulating body axis straightening in zebrafish

Maintaining a straight body axis is essential for proper development of vertebrate embryos.During gastrulation,body axis establishment and elongation require highly orchestrated convergence-extension movements within the primordial tissues bringing them toward the midline(Myers et alM 2002;Tada and Heisenberg,2012).