In order to verify the feasibility of semi-automatic garlic planter with inclined belt program and determine its reasonable operating parameters, the semi-automatic test-bed with inclined belt of garlic transplanting ...In order to verify the feasibility of semi-automatic garlic planter with inclined belt program and determine its reasonable operating parameters, the semi-automatic test-bed with inclined belt of garlic transplanting machine was designed, and the garlic box experiments were conducted. The angle of inclined belt on the test-bed and its running speed were adjustable. Single factor test results showed that the program of the semi-automatic garlic planter with inclined belt was feasible, and the angle of inclined belt and the test bed running speed affected the indicators. Orthogonal experiment results showed that the angle of inclined belt was the main factor affecting the test indicators. It is also found that the best angle was 30 degrees, while the most reasonable running speed was 0.75 Km/h.展开更多
Transposable elements （TEs） have no longer been totally considered as ＂junk DNA＂ for quite a time since the continual discoveries of their multifunctional roles in eukaryote genomes. As one of the most important a...Transposable elements （TEs） have no longer been totally considered as ＂junk DNA＂ for quite a time since the continual discoveries of their multifunctional roles in eukaryote genomes. As one of the most important and abundant TEs that still active in human genome, Alu, a SINE family, has demonstrated its indispensable regulatory functions at sequence level, but its spatial roles are still unclear. Tech- nologies based on 3C （chromosome conformation capture） have revealed the mysterious three-dimensional structure of chromatin, and make it possible to study the distal chromatin interaction in the genome. To find the role TE playing in distal regulation in human genome, we compiled the new released Hi-C data, TE annotation, histone marker annotations, and the genome-wide methylation data to operate correlation analysis, and found that the density of Alu elements showed a strong positive correlation with the level of chromatin interactions （hESC： r= 0.9, P〈 2.2 × 10^16; IMRg0 fibroblasts： r= 0.94, P 〈 2.2 ×10^16） and also have asignificant positive correlation with some remote functional DNA elements like enhancers and promoters （Enhancer： hESC： r= 0.997, P= 2.3× 10^-4; IMR90： r- 0.934, P= 2 × 10^-2; Promoter： hESC： r= 0.995, P= 3.8 × 10^-4; IMR90： r= 0.996, P = 3.2 × 10^-4）. Further investigation involving GC content and methylation status showed the GC content of Alu covered sequences shared a similar pattern with that of the overall sequence, suggesting that Alu elements also function as the GC nucleotide and CpG site provider. In all, our results suggest that the Alu elements may act as an alternative parameter to evaluate the Hi-C data, which is confirmed by the correlation analysis of Alu elements and histone markers. Moreover, the GC-rich Alu sequence can bring high GC content and methylation flexibility to the regions with more distal chromatin contact, regulating the transcription of tissue-specific genes.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2022YFC370110]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 42077194,42061134008,and 42377098]+1 种基金the Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project[grant number 21230780200]the Shanghai General Project[grant number 23ZR1406100].
文摘In order to verify the feasibility of semi-automatic garlic planter with inclined belt program and determine its reasonable operating parameters, the semi-automatic test-bed with inclined belt of garlic transplanting machine was designed, and the garlic box experiments were conducted. The angle of inclined belt on the test-bed and its running speed were adjustable. Single factor test results showed that the program of the semi-automatic garlic planter with inclined belt was feasible, and the angle of inclined belt and the test bed running speed affected the indicators. Orthogonal experiment results showed that the angle of inclined belt was the main factor affecting the test indicators. It is also found that the best angle was 30 degrees, while the most reasonable running speed was 0.75 Km/h.
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 91131901）, Fudan Graduate Students Innovative Grant （EZH1322383/001/002） and PSCIRT for financial support.
文摘Transposable elements （TEs） have no longer been totally considered as ＂junk DNA＂ for quite a time since the continual discoveries of their multifunctional roles in eukaryote genomes. As one of the most important and abundant TEs that still active in human genome, Alu, a SINE family, has demonstrated its indispensable regulatory functions at sequence level, but its spatial roles are still unclear. Tech- nologies based on 3C （chromosome conformation capture） have revealed the mysterious three-dimensional structure of chromatin, and make it possible to study the distal chromatin interaction in the genome. To find the role TE playing in distal regulation in human genome, we compiled the new released Hi-C data, TE annotation, histone marker annotations, and the genome-wide methylation data to operate correlation analysis, and found that the density of Alu elements showed a strong positive correlation with the level of chromatin interactions （hESC： r= 0.9, P〈 2.2 × 10^16; IMRg0 fibroblasts： r= 0.94, P 〈 2.2 ×10^16） and also have asignificant positive correlation with some remote functional DNA elements like enhancers and promoters （Enhancer： hESC： r= 0.997, P= 2.3× 10^-4; IMR90： r- 0.934, P= 2 × 10^-2; Promoter： hESC： r= 0.995, P= 3.8 × 10^-4; IMR90： r= 0.996, P = 3.2 × 10^-4）. Further investigation involving GC content and methylation status showed the GC content of Alu covered sequences shared a similar pattern with that of the overall sequence, suggesting that Alu elements also function as the GC nucleotide and CpG site provider. In all, our results suggest that the Alu elements may act as an alternative parameter to evaluate the Hi-C data, which is confirmed by the correlation analysis of Alu elements and histone markers. Moreover, the GC-rich Alu sequence can bring high GC content and methylation flexibility to the regions with more distal chromatin contact, regulating the transcription of tissue-specific genes.
