Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the human body can be latent in neurons for long time and be reactivated leading to recurrence at high rate. Currently there is no effective clinical strategy for the prevention...Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the human body can be latent in neurons for long time and be reactivated leading to recurrence at high rate. Currently there is no effective clinical strategy for the prevention and treatment of the disease relapse. HSV LAT gene is expressed in large quantities and lytic genes are turned off leading to HSV latency. Disruption of the gene expression is thought to cause HSV reactivation and disease relapse. To reveal the essence of HSV latency and reactivation, we summarized and innovatively classified the role, mechanism and transcriptional regulation of LAT in HSV latency and reactivation. This review may have important implications for future studies on HSV latency and reactivation, HSV disease prevention and treatment, and safer and more effective oncolytic HSVs (oHSVs).展开更多
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that has been used with modification as oncolytic viruses (OVs) against a number of tumor types. OVs represent a new class of therapeutic agents th...Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that has been used with modification as oncolytic viruses (OVs) against a number of tumor types. OVs represent a new class of therapeutic agents that promote anti-tumour responses through a dual mechanism of action that is dependent on selective tumor cell killing and the induction of systemic anti-tumour immunity. Among OVs, HSVs preferentially replicate in and lyse cancer cells, leading to in situ autovaccination, adaptive anti-virus and anti-tumor immunity. Suppression of antitumor immunity after OV therapy has been observed and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action are recently reported. ICP47, a small protein produced by the herpes simplex virus, is considered as an important factor in the evasion of cellular immune responses in HSV-infected cells. Therefore, reviewing the research status of ICP47 is certainly helpful to improve the anti-tumor effect of oncolytic HSVs (oHSVs). Here, this review will focus on the following contents: 1) Anti-tumor mechanism of OVs;2) Functions of early HSV genes;3) The mechanism of immune escape of ICP47;4) Recombinant HSV against cancer;5) The functional verification of ICP47 deletion. This review highlights the current understanding of recombinant HSVs against cancers.展开更多
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large class of transcripts lacking evident protein coding potential, and play versatile roles in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. Mounting evidences have indi...Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large class of transcripts lacking evident protein coding potential, and play versatile roles in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. Mounting evidences have indicated that ncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a wealth of diseases such as cataract. Cataract is a cloudy lens caused by radiation, age, drugs and other factors. NcRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, have been identified to regulate the occurrence and development of cataract. Current studies indicate that ncRNAs exert the multifaceted functions in the lens of cataract patients and have been proved as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cataracts. This review summarizes the study of relationship between the lens and ncRNAs, which can provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of cataract.展开更多
This article reviews the precision nursing of cancer patients from three aspects: concept, system construction and clinical application. It is suggested that nurses should correctly understand the connotation of preci...This article reviews the precision nursing of cancer patients from three aspects: concept, system construction and clinical application. It is suggested that nurses should correctly understand the connotation of precision nursing, expand the research content, enrich the research methods, actively carry out the targeted cancer precision nursing practice, improve the quality of life of the patients, and then form the shape of the patient. It is a localized nursing care system that can provide the best medical care for every cancer patient.展开更多
The exon numbers and lengths vary in different eukaryotic species. With increasing completed genomic sequences, it is indispensable to reanalyze the gene organization in diverse eukaryotic genomes. We performed a larg...The exon numbers and lengths vary in different eukaryotic species. With increasing completed genomic sequences, it is indispensable to reanalyze the gene organization in diverse eukaryotic genomes. We performed a large-scale comparative analysis of the exon-intron structure in 72 eukaryotic organisms, including plants, fungi and animals. We confirmed that the exon-intron structure varies massively among eukaryotic genomes and revealed some lineage-specific features of eukaryotic genes. These include a teleost-specific exon-intron structure pattern, relatively small introns and large exons in fungi and algae, and a gradual expansion of introns in vertebrates. Furthermore, the conservation analysis of exon-intron boundaries indicates that several bases near splice site junctions are different in introns with variable length among different species. After comparison, we identified a trend showing increases in intron densities and lengths in diverse species from fungi, plants, invertebrates to vertebrates, while it was the opposite in relation to exon lengths. The statistical properties of eukaryotic genomic organization suggest that genome-specific features are preserved by diverse evolutionary processes, which paves way for further research on the diversification of eukaryotic evolution.展开更多
Non-coding regions are the major component of human genomes and the long non-coding RNA（IncRNA）is a class of pervasive genes located in noncoding regions（Morris and Mattick,2014）.IncRNAs play a wide range of regul...Non-coding regions are the major component of human genomes and the long non-coding RNA（IncRNA）is a class of pervasive genes located in noncoding regions（Morris and Mattick,2014）.IncRNAs play a wide range of regulatory roles in gene transcription,translation,epigenetic modification and protein function by interacting with different types of molecules including DNA,展开更多
文摘Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the human body can be latent in neurons for long time and be reactivated leading to recurrence at high rate. Currently there is no effective clinical strategy for the prevention and treatment of the disease relapse. HSV LAT gene is expressed in large quantities and lytic genes are turned off leading to HSV latency. Disruption of the gene expression is thought to cause HSV reactivation and disease relapse. To reveal the essence of HSV latency and reactivation, we summarized and innovatively classified the role, mechanism and transcriptional regulation of LAT in HSV latency and reactivation. This review may have important implications for future studies on HSV latency and reactivation, HSV disease prevention and treatment, and safer and more effective oncolytic HSVs (oHSVs).
文摘Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that has been used with modification as oncolytic viruses (OVs) against a number of tumor types. OVs represent a new class of therapeutic agents that promote anti-tumour responses through a dual mechanism of action that is dependent on selective tumor cell killing and the induction of systemic anti-tumour immunity. Among OVs, HSVs preferentially replicate in and lyse cancer cells, leading to in situ autovaccination, adaptive anti-virus and anti-tumor immunity. Suppression of antitumor immunity after OV therapy has been observed and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action are recently reported. ICP47, a small protein produced by the herpes simplex virus, is considered as an important factor in the evasion of cellular immune responses in HSV-infected cells. Therefore, reviewing the research status of ICP47 is certainly helpful to improve the anti-tumor effect of oncolytic HSVs (oHSVs). Here, this review will focus on the following contents: 1) Anti-tumor mechanism of OVs;2) Functions of early HSV genes;3) The mechanism of immune escape of ICP47;4) Recombinant HSV against cancer;5) The functional verification of ICP47 deletion. This review highlights the current understanding of recombinant HSVs against cancers.
文摘Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large class of transcripts lacking evident protein coding potential, and play versatile roles in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. Mounting evidences have indicated that ncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a wealth of diseases such as cataract. Cataract is a cloudy lens caused by radiation, age, drugs and other factors. NcRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, have been identified to regulate the occurrence and development of cataract. Current studies indicate that ncRNAs exert the multifaceted functions in the lens of cataract patients and have been proved as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cataracts. This review summarizes the study of relationship between the lens and ncRNAs, which can provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of cataract.
文摘This article reviews the precision nursing of cancer patients from three aspects: concept, system construction and clinical application. It is suggested that nurses should correctly understand the connotation of precision nursing, expand the research content, enrich the research methods, actively carry out the targeted cancer precision nursing practice, improve the quality of life of the patients, and then form the shape of the patient. It is a localized nursing care system that can provide the best medical care for every cancer patient.
文摘The exon numbers and lengths vary in different eukaryotic species. With increasing completed genomic sequences, it is indispensable to reanalyze the gene organization in diverse eukaryotic genomes. We performed a large-scale comparative analysis of the exon-intron structure in 72 eukaryotic organisms, including plants, fungi and animals. We confirmed that the exon-intron structure varies massively among eukaryotic genomes and revealed some lineage-specific features of eukaryotic genes. These include a teleost-specific exon-intron structure pattern, relatively small introns and large exons in fungi and algae, and a gradual expansion of introns in vertebrates. Furthermore, the conservation analysis of exon-intron boundaries indicates that several bases near splice site junctions are different in introns with variable length among different species. After comparison, we identified a trend showing increases in intron densities and lengths in diverse species from fungi, plants, invertebrates to vertebrates, while it was the opposite in relation to exon lengths. The statistical properties of eukaryotic genomic organization suggest that genome-specific features are preserved by diverse evolutionary processes, which paves way for further research on the diversification of eukaryotic evolution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31270885 and 31471247)the open fund of Functional Oil Laboratory Associated by Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Infinitus (China) Company Ltd
文摘Non-coding regions are the major component of human genomes and the long non-coding RNA（IncRNA）is a class of pervasive genes located in noncoding regions（Morris and Mattick,2014）.IncRNAs play a wide range of regulatory roles in gene transcription,translation,epigenetic modification and protein function by interacting with different types of molecules including DNA,
