Here,we report a Ru/TS-1 catalyst for selective hydrogenolysis of guaiacol to benzene in the aqueous phase at conditions of 240℃ and 0.2 MPa H2,achieving a benzene yield of 86% with a hydrogenolysis rate of 103.1 mmo...Here,we report a Ru/TS-1 catalyst for selective hydrogenolysis of guaiacol to benzene in the aqueous phase at conditions of 240℃ and 0.2 MPa H2,achieving a benzene yield of 86% with a hydrogenolysis rate of 103.1 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).It was found that Silicalite-1(MFI type) with suitable pore sizes supported Ru nanoparticles(NPs) favored for hydrogenolysis of guaiacol,whereas de-aluminated Ru/HBEA,Ru/HY and Ru/MWW(without acidic sites) accelerated the parallel reactions of hydrogenation of aromatics.In addition,Ru NPs located at the orifice of Silicalite-1 was proved to be more electron-deficient and active than Ru NPs on the outer surface,as evidenced by CO-IR characterization and activity tests on Ru/Silicalite-1(with and without templates).Moreover,Br?nsted acid sites(BAS) on Ru/MFI highly promoted the hydrogenation rates of aromatics,while Lewis acid sites(LAS) on Ru/TS-1 and Ru/MFI led to a linear increase of guaiacol hydrogenolysis rate to benzene,probably due to the enhanced absorbance capability of guaiacol and phenol on the LAS of MFI.Thus,pore structure properties of MFI coupled with abundant LAS(TS-1) as well as Ru NPs on the orifice of pores of TS-1 construct a promising catalyst for achieving efficient aromatic hydrocarbons from selective hydrogenolysis of lignin.展开更多
NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs ba...NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs based on the enhanced NTRU algorithm. One is a light-weight and fast NTRU core, it performs encryption only. This work has a gate-count of 1175 gates and a power consumption of 1.51 μW. It can finish the whole encryption process in 1498 μs at 500 kHz. As such, it is perfect for wireless sensor network. Another high-speed NTRU core is capable of both encryption and decryption, with delays of 16,064 μs and 128,010 μs in encryption and decryption respectively. Moreover, it consists of 25,758 equivalent gates and has a total power consumption of 59.2 μW (it will be reduced greatly if low power methods were adopted). This core is recommended to be used in base stations or servers in wireless network.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0701100)the Recruitment Program of Global Young Experts in China, Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21573075)。
文摘Here,we report a Ru/TS-1 catalyst for selective hydrogenolysis of guaiacol to benzene in the aqueous phase at conditions of 240℃ and 0.2 MPa H2,achieving a benzene yield of 86% with a hydrogenolysis rate of 103.1 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).It was found that Silicalite-1(MFI type) with suitable pore sizes supported Ru nanoparticles(NPs) favored for hydrogenolysis of guaiacol,whereas de-aluminated Ru/HBEA,Ru/HY and Ru/MWW(without acidic sites) accelerated the parallel reactions of hydrogenation of aromatics.In addition,Ru NPs located at the orifice of Silicalite-1 was proved to be more electron-deficient and active than Ru NPs on the outer surface,as evidenced by CO-IR characterization and activity tests on Ru/Silicalite-1(with and without templates).Moreover,Br?nsted acid sites(BAS) on Ru/MFI highly promoted the hydrogenation rates of aromatics,while Lewis acid sites(LAS) on Ru/TS-1 and Ru/MFI led to a linear increase of guaiacol hydrogenolysis rate to benzene,probably due to the enhanced absorbance capability of guaiacol and phenol on the LAS of MFI.Thus,pore structure properties of MFI coupled with abundant LAS(TS-1) as well as Ru NPs on the orifice of pores of TS-1 construct a promising catalyst for achieving efficient aromatic hydrocarbons from selective hydrogenolysis of lignin.
文摘NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs based on the enhanced NTRU algorithm. One is a light-weight and fast NTRU core, it performs encryption only. This work has a gate-count of 1175 gates and a power consumption of 1.51 μW. It can finish the whole encryption process in 1498 μs at 500 kHz. As such, it is perfect for wireless sensor network. Another high-speed NTRU core is capable of both encryption and decryption, with delays of 16,064 μs and 128,010 μs in encryption and decryption respectively. Moreover, it consists of 25,758 equivalent gates and has a total power consumption of 59.2 μW (it will be reduced greatly if low power methods were adopted). This core is recommended to be used in base stations or servers in wireless network.
