African horse sickness(AHS)is an acute and fatal vectorborne infectious disease of equids,caused by the African horse sickness virus(AHSV).The World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH)has classified AHS as a notifiab...African horse sickness(AHS)is an acute and fatal vectorborne infectious disease of equids,caused by the African horse sickness virus(AHSV).The World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH)has classified AHS as a notifiable animal disease,and AHS has also been classified as a Class I animal infectious disease in China.AHS is mainly found in Africa,the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula.China is currently recognized by the WOAH as an AHS-free zone.展开更多
The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great break...The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great breakthroughs to control the pore size and volume, wall thickness, surface area, and connectivity of porous carbons, which result in the development of functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials. The effects of porous carbons on the electrochemical properties are further discussed. The porous carbons as ideal matrixes to incorporate active materials make a great improvement on the electrochemical properties because of high surface area and pore volume, excellent electronic conductivity, and strong adsorption capacity. Large numbers of the composite electrode materials have been used for the devices of electrochemical energy conversion and storage, such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), Li-S batteries, and Li-O2 batteries. It is believed that functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials will continuously contribute to the field of lithium secondary batteries.展开更多
In this paper,we report on the preparation of Li2FeSiO4,sintered Li2FeSiO4,and Li2FeSiO4-C composite with spindle-like morphologies and their application as cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries.Spindle-like Li2F...In this paper,we report on the preparation of Li2FeSiO4,sintered Li2FeSiO4,and Li2FeSiO4-C composite with spindle-like morphologies and their application as cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries.Spindle-like Li2FeSi04 was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method with(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 as the iron source.The spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 was sintered at 600 ℃ for 6 h in Ar atmosphere.Li2FeSiO4-C composite was obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 in glucose solution at 190 ℃ for 3 h.Electrochemical measurements show that after carbon coating,the electrode performances such as discharge capacity and high-rate capability are greatly enhanced.In particular.Li2FeSiO4-C with carbon content of 7.21 wt%delivers the discharge capacities of 160.9 mAh·g-1 at room temperature and 213 mAh·g-1 at45℃(0.1 C),revealing the potential application in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scor...Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scoring system(GC-RSS)was developed based on questionnaire-based predictors for gastric cancer derived from systematic literature review.To assess the capability of this system for discrimination,risk scores for 8,214 and 7,235 outpatient subjects accepting endoscopic examination in two endoscopy centers,and 32,630 participants in a community-based cohort in China were calculated to plot receiver operating characteristic curves and generate area under the curve(AUC).To evaluate the performance of GC-RSS,the screening proportion,sensitivity and detection rate ratio compared to universal screening were used under different risk score cutoff values.Results:GC-RSS comprised nine predictors including advanced age,male gender,low body mass index(<18.5 kg/m^(2)),family history of gastric cancer,cigarette smoking,consumption of alcohol,preference for salty food,irregularity of meals and consumption of preserved food.This tool performed well in determining the risk of malignant gastric lesions with AUCs of 0.763,0.706 and 0.696 in three validation sets.When subjects with risk scores≥5 were evaluated with endoscopy,nearly 50%of these endoscopies could be saved with a detection rate of over 1.5 times achieved.When the cutoff was set at 8,only about 10%of subjects with the highest risk would be offered endoscopy,and detection rates for gastric cancer could be increased 2-4 fold compared to universal screening.Conclusions:An effective questionnaire-based GC-RSS was developed and validated.This tool may play an important role in establishing a tailored screening strategy for gastric cancer in China.展开更多
Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested wi...Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort with up to 8 visits of oral swab collection for each subject over an 11-year period in a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China.The oral microbiome was evaluated with 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing in 428 pre-diagnostic oral specimens from 84 cases with esophageal lesions of severe squamous dysplasia and above(SDA)and 168 matched healthy controls.DESeq analysis was performed to identify taxa of differential abundance.Differential oral species together with subject characteristics were evaluated for their potential in predicting SDA risk by constructing conditional logistic regression models.Results:A total of 125 taxa including 37 named species showed significantly different abundance between SDA cases and controls(all P<0.05&false discovery rate-adjusted Q<0.10).A multivariate logistic model including 11 SDA lesion-related species and family history of esophageal cancer provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84-0.93).Cross-validation and sensitivity analysis,excluding cases diagnosed within 1 year of collection of the baseline specimen and their matched controls,or restriction to screenendoscopic-detected or clinically diagnosed case-control triads,or using only bacterial data measured at the baseline,yielded AUCs>0.84.Conclusions:The oral microbiome may play an etiological and predictive role in esophageal cancer,and it holds promise as a non-invasive early warning biomarker for risk stratification for esophageal cancer screening programs.展开更多
Numerical wave tanks are widely-acknowledged tools in studying waves and wave-structure interactions. They can generate waves under realistic scales and offers more information on the fluid field. However, most numeri...Numerical wave tanks are widely-acknowledged tools in studying waves and wave-structure interactions. They can generate waves under realistic scales and offers more information on the fluid field. However, most numerical wave tanks suffer from issues known as the numerical dissipation and numerical dispersion. The former causes wave energy to be slowly dissipated and the latter shifts wave frequencies during wave propagation. This paper proposes a simple method of depressing numerical dissipation effects on the basis of solving Euler equations using the finite difference method(FDM). The wave propagation solutions are solved analytically taking into account the influence of the damping terms. The main idea of the method is to append a source term to the momentum equation, whose strength is determined by how strong the numerical damping effect is. The method is verified by successfully depressing numerical effects during the simulation of regular linear waves, Stokes waves and irregular waves. By applying the method, wave energy is able to be close to its initial value after long distance of travel.展开更多
X-ray speckle tracking based methods can provide results with best reported angular accuracy up to 2 nrad. However,duo to the multi-frame requirement for phase retrieval and the possible instability of the x-ray beam,...X-ray speckle tracking based methods can provide results with best reported angular accuracy up to 2 nrad. However,duo to the multi-frame requirement for phase retrieval and the possible instability of the x-ray beam, mechanical and background vibration, the actual accuracy will inevitably be degraded by these time-dependent fluctuations. Therefore,not only spatial position, but also temporal features of the speckle patterns need to be considered in order to maintain the superiority of the speckle-based methods. In this paper, we propose a parallel acquisition method with advantages of real time and high accuracy, which has potential applicability to dynamic samples imaging as well as on-line beam monitoring.Through simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce the phase error caused by the fluctuations to1% at most compared with current speckle tracking methods. Meanwhile, it can keep the accuracy deterioration within0.03 nrad, making the high theoretical accuracy a reality. Also, we find that waveforms of the incident beam have a little impact on the phase retrieved and will not influence the actual accuracy, which relaxes the requirements for speckle-based experiments.展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease dia...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease diagnosis and the development of biological detection methods.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)catalyzes continuous polymerization of deoxynucleotide triphosphates at the 30-OH end of single-stranded DNA in the absence of a template.In this study,we developed a highly sensitive and selective method based on TdT and endonuclease Ⅳ(Endo Ⅳ)to quantify ALP activity.After ALP hydrolyzes the 30-PO_(4) end of the substrate and generates 30-OH,TdT can effectively elongate the 30-OH end with deoxynucleotide adenine triphosphate(dATP)and produce a poly A tail,which can be detected by the poly T probes.Endo Ⅳ digests the AP site in poly T probes to generate a fluorescent signal and a new 30-OH end,leading to the generation of exponential fluorescence signal amplification.The substrate for TdT elongation was optimized,and a limit of detection of 4.3×10^(-3) U/L was achieved for ALP by the optimized substrate structure.This method can also detect ALP in the cell lysate of a single cell.This work has potential applications in disease diagnosis and biomedical detection.展开更多
Metal phosphides have shown great potential for potassium-ion batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity.Nevertheless,most of the metal phosphide anodes are plagued by rapid capacity decay(caused by...Metal phosphides have shown great potential for potassium-ion batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity.Nevertheless,most of the metal phosphide anodes are plagued by rapid capacity decay(caused by the large volume changes during the discharge/charge process),which would restrict their further practical application.Herein,a chemically bonded CuP_(2)/C composite was prepared by a facile high-energy ball milling method.A potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(KFSI)-based electrolyte was adopted instead of a conventional KPF6-based electrolyte for the CuP_(2)/C composite anode.Benefiting from the synergistic effects of the formation of strong P-O-C chemical bonds and the KFSIbased electrolyte,the CuP_(2)/C composite anode exhibited high reversible capacity(451.4 mAh g^(-1) at50 mA g^(-1)),excellent rate performance(123.5 mAh g^(-1) at 1000 mA g^(-1)),and superior cycling stability(300 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles).This work paves the way for the development of high-performance CuP_(2) anode for potassium-ion batteries.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver-stomach disharmony functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients with functional dyspepsia of liv...Objective:To explore the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver-stomach disharmony functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients with functional dyspepsia of liver-stomach disharmony type admitted to our hospital from January to August 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into two groups,a study group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.The main observations were stomachache or pain over bilateral flanks,emotionally depressed,belching,fullness and discomfort over the abdomen and flanks,acid regurgitation,loss of appetite,frequent sighing,noisy epigastric,and the treatment effect.Results:According to the classification of symptom severity on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score table,statistics were made on the corresponding severity of the main symptoms and secondary symptoms of the two groups of patients,and the data of the two groups were compared by Wilcoxon test.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of TCM symptoms between the two groups;the study group’s total effective rate of pain relief(recovery+markedly effective+effective)was 96.67%,and Fisher’s χ^(2) test indicated a significant difference in the total effective rate of pain relief between the two groups(P=0.027<0.05).Conclusion:The use of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is clearly better than the simple application of western medicine.It is safe and has no side effects.It can be used as a treatment for patients with functional dyspepsia.展开更多
Traditionally,optical microscopy is used to visualize the morphological features of pathogenic bacteria,of which the features are further used for the detection and ident ification of the bacteria.However,due to the r...Traditionally,optical microscopy is used to visualize the morphological features of pathogenic bacteria,of which the features are further used for the detection and ident ification of the bacteria.However,due to the resolution limitation of conventional optical microscopy as well as the lack of standard pattern library for bacteria identification,the ffectiveness of this optical microscopy-based method is limited.Here,we reported a pilot study on a combined use of Structured Illumination Microscopy(SIM)with machine learning for rapid bacteria identification.After applying machine learning to the SIM image datasets from three model bacteria(including Escherichia coli,Mycobacterium smegmatis,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa),we obtained a classifcation accuracy of up to 98%.This study points out a promising possibility for rapid bacterial identification by morphological features.展开更多
The reliability and safety of fuel cell vehicle are crucial for the daily operation. Insulation resistance serves as a crucial index of vehicle reliability, especially when fuel cells operate at high voltages. Low ins...The reliability and safety of fuel cell vehicle are crucial for the daily operation. Insulation resistance serves as a crucial index of vehicle reliability, especially when fuel cells operate at high voltages. Low insulation resistance can lead to vehicle malfunctions, exposing the operator to the risk of electric shock. In this study, long-term insulation resistance data from thirteen vehicles equipped with three different types of fuel cell systems are analyzed to diagnose possible low insulation resistance issues. For this purpose, a robust locally weighted scatterplot smoothing method is utilized to filter the original data. In this research, an insulation variation model is developed using a data-driven long short-term memory neural network to identify insulation resistance value anomalies caused by deionizer failure. The results indicate that the coefficient of determination of the failure model is 99.78 %. Moreover, current model efficiently identifies insulation faults resulting from reliability issues, such as conductivity issues of cooling pipes and erosion of vehicle wiring harnesses.展开更多
Fluorescent probe is an important tool for investigation of biological events in plant tissues.However,the research on small-molecule based fluorescent probe for plant imaging still stays at the initial stage.In order...Fluorescent probe is an important tool for investigation of biological events in plant tissues.However,the research on small-molecule based fluorescent probe for plant imaging still stays at the initial stage.In order to noninvasively achieve the subcellular information of Arabidopsis thaliana,a two-photon and fluorene based fluorophore with a bi-oligo(ethylene glycol)functional group was synthesized.Under the laser's irradiation at 750 nm,the subcellular structures of Arabidopsis thaliana including stomata and root tips were clearly observed without slicing,which displayed significant superiorities over traditional single-photon excitation microscopy.Subsequently,the above functionalized fluorophore was further modified with a recognition group(dipicolylamine)to form a smart fluorescent probe(LJTP1).As results,LJTP1 not only can sensitively detect Cu^(2+)/S^(2-)with fluorescence“on-off-on”response in vitro and in vivo,but also can achieve noninvasive imaging in Arabidopsis thaliana tissues under two-photon microscopy.We believe this study will open up a new mind for noninvasive imaging in plant tissues.展开更多
Over the past few decades,I-III-VI quantum dots(QDs)have attracted considerable attention due to their large Stokes shifts,good eco-friendliness,and wide tunable emissions.In this work,a facile microwave-assisted aque...Over the past few decades,I-III-VI quantum dots(QDs)have attracted considerable attention due to their large Stokes shifts,good eco-friendliness,and wide tunable emissions.In this work,a facile microwave-assisted aqueous route using glutathione(GSH)and citric acid(CA)as dual stabilizers is introduced to synthesize AgInGaS/ZnS(AIGS/ZnS)core/shell QDs.An exceptional photoluminescence quantum yield(PL QY)as high as 79%is successfully achieved,boosting the best performance of water-dispersible AIGS QDs.By varying the Ag/Ga ratio,the PL peak wavelength can be tuned from 547 to 616 nm,and luminescent hydrogel films with different colors are obtained by embedding AIGS/ZnS QDs in polyacrylamide/poly-vinyl alcohol(PAAm/PVA)hydrogels.The white light-emitting diode(WLED)with a high color rendering index(CRI)of 92.1(R_(9)=92.0)and a correlated color temperature(CCT)of 3022 K is fabricated using QDs-PAAm/PVA hydrogel films in combination with a blue InGaN LED chip,indicating that the as-prepared QDs are competitive color-conversion materials for WLEDs.展开更多
Monitoring neuronal activity in vivo is critical to understanding the physiological or pathological functions of the brain.Two-photon Ca^(2+)imaging in vivo using a cranial window and specific neuronal labeling enable...Monitoring neuronal activity in vivo is critical to understanding the physiological or pathological functions of the brain.Two-photon Ca^(2+)imaging in vivo using a cranial window and specific neuronal labeling enables realtime,in situ,and long-term imaging of the living brain.Here,we constructed a recombinant rabies virus containing the Ca^(2+)indicator GCaMP6 s along with the fluorescent protein DsRed2 as a baseline reference to ensure GCaMP6 s signal reliability.This functional tracer was applied to retrogradely label specific V1-thalamus circuits and detect spontaneous Ca^(2+)activity in the dendrites of V1 corticothalamic neurons by in vivo two-photon Ca^(2+)imaging.Notably,we were able to record single-spine spontaneous Ca2+activity in specific circuits.Distinct spontaneous Ca^(2+)dynamics in dendrites of V1 corticothalamic neurons were found for different V1-thalamus circuits.Our method can be applied to monitor Ca^(2+)dynamics in specific input circuits in vivo,and contribute to functional studies of defined neural circuits and the dissection of functional circuit connections.展开更多
Drug resistance is one of the most serious issues in epilepsy.Despite using various appropriate anti-epileptic drugs(AEDs),30%of epilepsy patients are still drugresistant.The percentage of resistance in temporal lobe ...Drug resistance is one of the most serious issues in epilepsy.Despite using various appropriate anti-epileptic drugs(AEDs),30%of epilepsy patients are still drugresistant.The percentage of resistance in temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is even higher[1].Although epilepsy surgery and deep brain stimulation are emerging as alternative therapeutic strategies,the curative outcome is still unsatisfactory.展开更多
Quantum dots-hydrogel composites are promising new materials that have attracted extensive attention due to their incomparable biocompatibility and acceptable biodegradability, leading to enormous potential applicatio...Quantum dots-hydrogel composites are promising new materials that have attracted extensive attention due to their incomparable biocompatibility and acceptable biodegradability, leading to enormous potential applications for various fields. This review summarizes the recent advances in quantum dots-hydrogel composites with a focus on synthesis methods, including hydrogel gelation in quantum dots(QDs) solution, embedding prepared QDs into hydrogels after gelation, forming QDs in situ within the preformed gel and cross-linking via QDs to form hydrogels. In particularly, biomedical applications as bioimaging,biosensing and drug delivery are also reviewed, followed by a discussion on the inherent challenges of design optimization, biocompatibility and bimodal applications and the prospect of the future development. These results will guide the development of quantum dots-hydrogel composites and provide critical insights to inspire researchers in future.展开更多
The source-to-sink system of the northern South China Sea(SCS) has been widely discussed during the past few decades. Sr–Nd isotope, clay minerals and trace elements were extensively used as the proxies of sediment p...The source-to-sink system of the northern South China Sea(SCS) has been widely discussed during the past few decades. Sr–Nd isotope, clay minerals and trace elements were extensively used as the proxies of sediment provenance, however, still little is known about the transport processes and controlling mechanisms on detailed spatiotemporal scales due to the limitations of these methods. Here we put forward the new provenance proxies RAKand RKCNbased on major element compositions to study the spatiotemporal changes in sediment provenance since 150 ka mainly from four sites, DLW3101, MD12-3429, ZHS-176 and MD12-3432, which are located on the northern SCS continental slope. Our results show that, spatially, the pathways and intensities of contour currents and gravity flows play important roles in sediment transport. For alongslope processes, the South China Sea Branch of Kuroshio Current(SCSBKC) and the Deep Water Current(DWC) transport sediments from southwestern Taiwan,while the Intermediate Water Current(IWC) can carry sediments from Hainan, the Red River or the Indochina Peninsula. For downslope processes, gravity flows transport materials from the Pearl River delta and shelf to the slope. Moreover, seafloor bathymetry influences sediment transport by altering the pathways of ocean currents.Temporally, the impacts of sea level and monsoon rainfall fluctuations are always superimposed over the last 150 ka. Sea level fluctuations could significantly change the distance from the Pearl River estuary to the slope, while variations in the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) rainfall would affect continental erosion rates in the source regions.展开更多
Dear Editor,Equine piroplasmosis(EP)is an infectious,tick-borne dis-ease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi(T.equi)and Babesia caballi(B.caballi).EP affects all wild and domestic equids,and clinical ...Dear Editor,Equine piroplasmosis(EP)is an infectious,tick-borne dis-ease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi(T.equi)and Babesia caballi(B.caballi).EP affects all wild and domestic equids,and clinical presentation is related to intravascular hemolysis and associated systemic illness(Scoles and Ueti,2015).This disease has considerable ve-terinary and economic impact on the equine industry worldwide,and is listed as a reportable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE).Importantly,a ne-gative EP test is mandatory for animals participating in equestrian sports and the horse trade.It is estimated that 90%of the global horse population resides in EP-endemic areas.Many risk factors are associated with the infection rate,in-cluding animal species,age,gender,breed,activities,and environmental factors(Onyiche et al.,2019).展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and the Development Project of China(2022YFD1800504)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(TD2022C006)。
文摘African horse sickness(AHS)is an acute and fatal vectorborne infectious disease of equids,caused by the African horse sickness virus(AHSV).The World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH)has classified AHS as a notifiable animal disease,and AHS has also been classified as a Class I animal infectious disease in China.AHS is mainly found in Africa,the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula.China is currently recognized by the WOAH as an AHS-free zone.
基金supported by the Programs of National 973 (2011CB935900)NSFC (51231003 and 21231005)+1 种基金111 Project (B12015)Tianjin High-Tech (10SYSYJC27600)
文摘The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great breakthroughs to control the pore size and volume, wall thickness, surface area, and connectivity of porous carbons, which result in the development of functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials. The effects of porous carbons on the electrochemical properties are further discussed. The porous carbons as ideal matrixes to incorporate active materials make a great improvement on the electrochemical properties because of high surface area and pore volume, excellent electronic conductivity, and strong adsorption capacity. Large numbers of the composite electrode materials have been used for the devices of electrochemical energy conversion and storage, such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), Li-S batteries, and Li-O2 batteries. It is believed that functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials will continuously contribute to the field of lithium secondary batteries.
基金supported by the Programs of National 973(2011CB935900)NSFC(21231005)+1 种基金MOE(B12015 and 113016A)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘In this paper,we report on the preparation of Li2FeSiO4,sintered Li2FeSiO4,and Li2FeSiO4-C composite with spindle-like morphologies and their application as cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries.Spindle-like Li2FeSi04 was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method with(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 as the iron source.The spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 was sintered at 600 ℃ for 6 h in Ar atmosphere.Li2FeSiO4-C composite was obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 in glucose solution at 190 ℃ for 3 h.Electrochemical measurements show that after carbon coating,the electrode performances such as discharge capacity and high-rate capability are greatly enhanced.In particular.Li2FeSiO4-C with carbon content of 7.21 wt%delivers the discharge capacities of 160.9 mAh·g-1 at room temperature and 213 mAh·g-1 at45℃(0.1 C),revealing the potential application in lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2019FY101102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073626,81773501)+5 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0901404)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project(No.J200016)the Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority(No.XXZ0204)the Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme(No.QML20201101)Sanming Project of Shenzhen(No.SZSM201612061)the Beijing Nova Program(No.Z201100006820093)。
文摘Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scoring system(GC-RSS)was developed based on questionnaire-based predictors for gastric cancer derived from systematic literature review.To assess the capability of this system for discrimination,risk scores for 8,214 and 7,235 outpatient subjects accepting endoscopic examination in two endoscopy centers,and 32,630 participants in a community-based cohort in China were calculated to plot receiver operating characteristic curves and generate area under the curve(AUC).To evaluate the performance of GC-RSS,the screening proportion,sensitivity and detection rate ratio compared to universal screening were used under different risk score cutoff values.Results:GC-RSS comprised nine predictors including advanced age,male gender,low body mass index(<18.5 kg/m^(2)),family history of gastric cancer,cigarette smoking,consumption of alcohol,preference for salty food,irregularity of meals and consumption of preserved food.This tool performed well in determining the risk of malignant gastric lesions with AUCs of 0.763,0.706 and 0.696 in three validation sets.When subjects with risk scores≥5 were evaluated with endoscopy,nearly 50%of these endoscopies could be saved with a detection rate of over 1.5 times achieved.When the cutoff was set at 8,only about 10%of subjects with the highest risk would be offered endoscopy,and detection rates for gastric cancer could be increased 2-4 fold compared to universal screening.Conclusions:An effective questionnaire-based GC-RSS was developed and validated.This tool may play an important role in establishing a tailored screening strategy for gastric cancer in China.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30930102,82073626,81502855,81773501)the National Key R&D program of China(No.2016YFC0901404)+4 种基金the National Special Programme of Scientific and Technological Resources Investigation(No.2019FY101102)the Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority(No.XXZ0204)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7182033)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospital’s Youth Programme(No.QML20171101)the Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital(No.2020-7)。
文摘Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort with up to 8 visits of oral swab collection for each subject over an 11-year period in a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China.The oral microbiome was evaluated with 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing in 428 pre-diagnostic oral specimens from 84 cases with esophageal lesions of severe squamous dysplasia and above(SDA)and 168 matched healthy controls.DESeq analysis was performed to identify taxa of differential abundance.Differential oral species together with subject characteristics were evaluated for their potential in predicting SDA risk by constructing conditional logistic regression models.Results:A total of 125 taxa including 37 named species showed significantly different abundance between SDA cases and controls(all P<0.05&false discovery rate-adjusted Q<0.10).A multivariate logistic model including 11 SDA lesion-related species and family history of esophageal cancer provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84-0.93).Cross-validation and sensitivity analysis,excluding cases diagnosed within 1 year of collection of the baseline specimen and their matched controls,or restriction to screenendoscopic-detected or clinically diagnosed case-control triads,or using only bacterial data measured at the baseline,yielded AUCs>0.84.Conclusions:The oral microbiome may play an etiological and predictive role in esophageal cancer,and it holds promise as a non-invasive early warning biomarker for risk stratification for esophageal cancer screening programs.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.51609101 and 51909103the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China under contract Nos 2017J01701,2017J05085 and 2018J05090the Outstanding Young University Scientific Research Talents Cultivation Plan of Fujian Province of China
文摘Numerical wave tanks are widely-acknowledged tools in studying waves and wave-structure interactions. They can generate waves under realistic scales and offers more information on the fluid field. However, most numerical wave tanks suffer from issues known as the numerical dissipation and numerical dispersion. The former causes wave energy to be slowly dissipated and the latter shifts wave frequencies during wave propagation. This paper proposes a simple method of depressing numerical dissipation effects on the basis of solving Euler equations using the finite difference method(FDM). The wave propagation solutions are solved analytically taking into account the influence of the damping terms. The main idea of the method is to append a source term to the momentum equation, whose strength is determined by how strong the numerical damping effect is. The method is verified by successfully depressing numerical effects during the simulation of regular linear waves, Stokes waves and irregular waves. By applying the method, wave energy is able to be close to its initial value after long distance of travel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11675253 and 11505278)。
文摘X-ray speckle tracking based methods can provide results with best reported angular accuracy up to 2 nrad. However,duo to the multi-frame requirement for phase retrieval and the possible instability of the x-ray beam, mechanical and background vibration, the actual accuracy will inevitably be degraded by these time-dependent fluctuations. Therefore,not only spatial position, but also temporal features of the speckle patterns need to be considered in order to maintain the superiority of the speckle-based methods. In this paper, we propose a parallel acquisition method with advantages of real time and high accuracy, which has potential applicability to dynamic samples imaging as well as on-line beam monitoring.Through simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce the phase error caused by the fluctuations to1% at most compared with current speckle tracking methods. Meanwhile, it can keep the accuracy deterioration within0.03 nrad, making the high theoretical accuracy a reality. Also, we find that waveforms of the incident beam have a little impact on the phase retrieved and will not influence the actual accuracy, which relaxes the requirements for speckle-based experiments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:21904045)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HUST:Grant No.:2019kfyXJJS169)Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Hubei Province(Grant No.:S202010487225).
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease diagnosis and the development of biological detection methods.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)catalyzes continuous polymerization of deoxynucleotide triphosphates at the 30-OH end of single-stranded DNA in the absence of a template.In this study,we developed a highly sensitive and selective method based on TdT and endonuclease Ⅳ(Endo Ⅳ)to quantify ALP activity.After ALP hydrolyzes the 30-PO_(4) end of the substrate and generates 30-OH,TdT can effectively elongate the 30-OH end with deoxynucleotide adenine triphosphate(dATP)and produce a poly A tail,which can be detected by the poly T probes.Endo Ⅳ digests the AP site in poly T probes to generate a fluorescent signal and a new 30-OH end,leading to the generation of exponential fluorescence signal amplification.The substrate for TdT elongation was optimized,and a limit of detection of 4.3×10^(-3) U/L was achieved for ALP by the optimized substrate structure.This method can also detect ALP in the cell lysate of a single cell.This work has potential applications in disease diagnosis and biomedical detection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21835004 and 51971124)the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0206700)the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B12015)。
文摘Metal phosphides have shown great potential for potassium-ion batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity.Nevertheless,most of the metal phosphide anodes are plagued by rapid capacity decay(caused by the large volume changes during the discharge/charge process),which would restrict their further practical application.Herein,a chemically bonded CuP_(2)/C composite was prepared by a facile high-energy ball milling method.A potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(KFSI)-based electrolyte was adopted instead of a conventional KPF6-based electrolyte for the CuP_(2)/C composite anode.Benefiting from the synergistic effects of the formation of strong P-O-C chemical bonds and the KFSIbased electrolyte,the CuP_(2)/C composite anode exhibited high reversible capacity(451.4 mAh g^(-1) at50 mA g^(-1)),excellent rate performance(123.5 mAh g^(-1) at 1000 mA g^(-1)),and superior cycling stability(300 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles).This work paves the way for the development of high-performance CuP_(2) anode for potassium-ion batteries.
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver-stomach disharmony functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients with functional dyspepsia of liver-stomach disharmony type admitted to our hospital from January to August 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into two groups,a study group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.The main observations were stomachache or pain over bilateral flanks,emotionally depressed,belching,fullness and discomfort over the abdomen and flanks,acid regurgitation,loss of appetite,frequent sighing,noisy epigastric,and the treatment effect.Results:According to the classification of symptom severity on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score table,statistics were made on the corresponding severity of the main symptoms and secondary symptoms of the two groups of patients,and the data of the two groups were compared by Wilcoxon test.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of TCM symptoms between the two groups;the study group’s total effective rate of pain relief(recovery+markedly effective+effective)was 96.67%,and Fisher’s χ^(2) test indicated a significant difference in the total effective rate of pain relief between the two groups(P=0.027<0.05).Conclusion:The use of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is clearly better than the simple application of western medicine.It is safe and has no side effects.It can be used as a treatment for patients with functional dyspepsia.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017-YFD0500303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31371106,91640105)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-36)the Huazhong Agricultural University Scienti¯c and Technological Self-innovation Foundation(Program No.52204-13002).
文摘Traditionally,optical microscopy is used to visualize the morphological features of pathogenic bacteria,of which the features are further used for the detection and ident ification of the bacteria.However,due to the resolution limitation of conventional optical microscopy as well as the lack of standard pattern library for bacteria identification,the ffectiveness of this optical microscopy-based method is limited.Here,we reported a pilot study on a combined use of Structured Illumination Microscopy(SIM)with machine learning for rapid bacteria identification.After applying machine learning to the SIM image datasets from three model bacteria(including Escherichia coli,Mycobacterium smegmatis,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa),we obtained a classifcation accuracy of up to 98%.This study points out a promising possibility for rapid bacterial identification by morphological features.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB2502500).
文摘The reliability and safety of fuel cell vehicle are crucial for the daily operation. Insulation resistance serves as a crucial index of vehicle reliability, especially when fuel cells operate at high voltages. Low insulation resistance can lead to vehicle malfunctions, exposing the operator to the risk of electric shock. In this study, long-term insulation resistance data from thirteen vehicles equipped with three different types of fuel cell systems are analyzed to diagnose possible low insulation resistance issues. For this purpose, a robust locally weighted scatterplot smoothing method is utilized to filter the original data. In this research, an insulation variation model is developed using a data-driven long short-term memory neural network to identify insulation resistance value anomalies caused by deionizer failure. The results indicate that the coefficient of determination of the failure model is 99.78 %. Moreover, current model efficiently identifies insulation faults resulting from reliability issues, such as conductivity issues of cooling pipes and erosion of vehicle wiring harnesses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21806048,21801086 and 22071072).
文摘Fluorescent probe is an important tool for investigation of biological events in plant tissues.However,the research on small-molecule based fluorescent probe for plant imaging still stays at the initial stage.In order to noninvasively achieve the subcellular information of Arabidopsis thaliana,a two-photon and fluorene based fluorophore with a bi-oligo(ethylene glycol)functional group was synthesized.Under the laser's irradiation at 750 nm,the subcellular structures of Arabidopsis thaliana including stomata and root tips were clearly observed without slicing,which displayed significant superiorities over traditional single-photon excitation microscopy.Subsequently,the above functionalized fluorophore was further modified with a recognition group(dipicolylamine)to form a smart fluorescent probe(LJTP1).As results,LJTP1 not only can sensitively detect Cu^(2+)/S^(2-)with fluorescence“on-off-on”response in vitro and in vivo,but also can achieve noninvasive imaging in Arabidopsis thaliana tissues under two-photon microscopy.We believe this study will open up a new mind for noninvasive imaging in plant tissues.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.62074044,NSFC,No.61904036),Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center,Jihua Laboratory Projects of Guangdong Province(X190111UZ190)Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program(2021016)Shanghai Rising-Star program(22YF1402000).
文摘Over the past few decades,I-III-VI quantum dots(QDs)have attracted considerable attention due to their large Stokes shifts,good eco-friendliness,and wide tunable emissions.In this work,a facile microwave-assisted aqueous route using glutathione(GSH)and citric acid(CA)as dual stabilizers is introduced to synthesize AgInGaS/ZnS(AIGS/ZnS)core/shell QDs.An exceptional photoluminescence quantum yield(PL QY)as high as 79%is successfully achieved,boosting the best performance of water-dispersible AIGS QDs.By varying the Ag/Ga ratio,the PL peak wavelength can be tuned from 547 to 616 nm,and luminescent hydrogel films with different colors are obtained by embedding AIGS/ZnS QDs in polyacrylamide/poly-vinyl alcohol(PAAm/PVA)hydrogels.The white light-emitting diode(WLED)with a high color rendering index(CRI)of 92.1(R_(9)=92.0)and a correlated color temperature(CCT)of 3022 K is fabricated using QDs-PAAm/PVA hydrogel films in combination with a blue InGaN LED chip,indicating that the as-prepared QDs are competitive color-conversion materials for WLEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31700934 and 31371106)。
文摘Monitoring neuronal activity in vivo is critical to understanding the physiological or pathological functions of the brain.Two-photon Ca^(2+)imaging in vivo using a cranial window and specific neuronal labeling enables realtime,in situ,and long-term imaging of the living brain.Here,we constructed a recombinant rabies virus containing the Ca^(2+)indicator GCaMP6 s along with the fluorescent protein DsRed2 as a baseline reference to ensure GCaMP6 s signal reliability.This functional tracer was applied to retrogradely label specific V1-thalamus circuits and detect spontaneous Ca^(2+)activity in the dendrites of V1 corticothalamic neurons by in vivo two-photon Ca^(2+)imaging.Notably,we were able to record single-spine spontaneous Ca2+activity in specific circuits.Distinct spontaneous Ca^(2+)dynamics in dendrites of V1 corticothalamic neurons were found for different V1-thalamus circuits.Our method can be applied to monitor Ca^(2+)dynamics in specific input circuits in vivo,and contribute to functional studies of defined neural circuits and the dissection of functional circuit connections.
文摘Drug resistance is one of the most serious issues in epilepsy.Despite using various appropriate anti-epileptic drugs(AEDs),30%of epilepsy patients are still drugresistant.The percentage of resistance in temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is even higher[1].Although epilepsy surgery and deep brain stimulation are emerging as alternative therapeutic strategies,the curative outcome is still unsatisfactory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Nos. 62074044, 61904036 and 61675049)Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center and Jihua Laboratory Projects of Guangdong Province (No. X190111UZ190)。
文摘Quantum dots-hydrogel composites are promising new materials that have attracted extensive attention due to their incomparable biocompatibility and acceptable biodegradability, leading to enormous potential applications for various fields. This review summarizes the recent advances in quantum dots-hydrogel composites with a focus on synthesis methods, including hydrogel gelation in quantum dots(QDs) solution, embedding prepared QDs into hydrogels after gelation, forming QDs in situ within the preformed gel and cross-linking via QDs to form hydrogels. In particularly, biomedical applications as bioimaging,biosensing and drug delivery are also reviewed, followed by a discussion on the inherent challenges of design optimization, biocompatibility and bimodal applications and the prospect of the future development. These results will guide the development of quantum dots-hydrogel composites and provide critical insights to inspire researchers in future.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (41376043, 41876061)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019A1515110896)。
文摘The source-to-sink system of the northern South China Sea(SCS) has been widely discussed during the past few decades. Sr–Nd isotope, clay minerals and trace elements were extensively used as the proxies of sediment provenance, however, still little is known about the transport processes and controlling mechanisms on detailed spatiotemporal scales due to the limitations of these methods. Here we put forward the new provenance proxies RAKand RKCNbased on major element compositions to study the spatiotemporal changes in sediment provenance since 150 ka mainly from four sites, DLW3101, MD12-3429, ZHS-176 and MD12-3432, which are located on the northern SCS continental slope. Our results show that, spatially, the pathways and intensities of contour currents and gravity flows play important roles in sediment transport. For alongslope processes, the South China Sea Branch of Kuroshio Current(SCSBKC) and the Deep Water Current(DWC) transport sediments from southwestern Taiwan,while the Intermediate Water Current(IWC) can carry sediments from Hainan, the Red River or the Indochina Peninsula. For downslope processes, gravity flows transport materials from the Pearl River delta and shelf to the slope. Moreover, seafloor bathymetry influences sediment transport by altering the pathways of ocean currents.Temporally, the impacts of sea level and monsoon rainfall fluctuations are always superimposed over the last 150 ka. Sea level fluctuations could significantly change the distance from the Pearl River estuary to the slope, while variations in the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) rainfall would affect continental erosion rates in the source regions.
基金the National Key Re-search and Development Project of China(2020YFE0203400 and 2017YFD0500400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772720)。
文摘Dear Editor,Equine piroplasmosis(EP)is an infectious,tick-borne dis-ease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi(T.equi)and Babesia caballi(B.caballi).EP affects all wild and domestic equids,and clinical presentation is related to intravascular hemolysis and associated systemic illness(Scoles and Ueti,2015).This disease has considerable ve-terinary and economic impact on the equine industry worldwide,and is listed as a reportable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE).Importantly,a ne-gative EP test is mandatory for animals participating in equestrian sports and the horse trade.It is estimated that 90%of the global horse population resides in EP-endemic areas.Many risk factors are associated with the infection rate,in-cluding animal species,age,gender,breed,activities,and environmental factors(Onyiche et al.,2019).