Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathol...Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic alterations of oral MPCs. Clinicopathological data from patients with oral single primary carcinoma (SPC, n=202) and oral MPCs (n=34) were collected and compared. Copy number alteration (CNA) analysis was conducted to identify chromosomal-instability differences among oral MPCs, recurrent OSCC cases, and OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Whole-exome sequencing was employed to identify potential unique gene mutations in oral MPCs patients. Additionally, CNA and phylogenetic tree analyses were used to gain preliminary insights into the molecular characteristics of different primary tumors within individual patients. Our findings revealed that, in contrast to oral SPC, females predominated the oral MPCs (70.59%), while smoking and alcohol use were not frequent in MPCs.Moreover, long-term survival outcomes were poorer in oral MPCs. From a CNA perspective, no significant differences were observed between oral MPCs patients and those with recurrence and lymph node metastasis. In addition to commonly mutated genes such as CASP8, TP53 and MUC16, in oral MPCs we also detected relatively rare mutations, such as HS3ST6 and RFPL4A. Furthermore, this study also demonstrated that most MPCs patients exhibited similarities in certain genomic regions within individuals, and distinct differences of the similarity degree were observed between synchronous and metachronous oral MPCs.展开更多
AIM To investigate the role of CXC chemokine receptor(CXCR)-7 and CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric carcinoma.METHODS In 160 cases of gastric cancer, the expression of CXCR7 and CXCL12 in tumor and ...AIM To investigate the role of CXC chemokine receptor(CXCR)-7 and CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric carcinoma.METHODS In 160 cases of gastric cancer, the expression of CXCR7 and CXCL12 in tumor and matched tumoradjacent non-cancer tissues, in the lymph nodes around the stomach and in the liver was detected using immunohistochemistry to analyze the relationship between CXCR7/CXCL12 expression and clinicopathological features and to determine whether CXCR7 and CXCL12 constitute a biological axis to promote lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer. Furthermore, the CXCR7 gene was silenced and overexpressed in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness were measured by the MTT, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. RESULTS CXCR7 expression was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues(P = 0.011). CXCR7/CXCL12 expression was significantly related to poor tumor differentiation, high tumor stage and lymph node(r = 0.338, P = 0.000) and liver metastasis(r = 0.629, P = 0.000). The expression of CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis was higher than that in primary gastric cancer tissues(χ2 = 6.669, P = 0.010; χ2 = 25379, P = 0.000), and the expression of CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer was consistent with the positive expression of CXCR7 in primary gastric cancer(r = 0.338, P = 0.000; r = 0.629, P = 0.000). Overexpression of the CXCR7 gene promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Silencing of the CXCR7 gene suppressed SGC-7901 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Human gastric cancer cell lines expressed CXCR7 and showed vigorous proliferation and migratory responses to CXCL12.CONCLUSION The CXCR7/CXCL12 axis is involved in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer. CXCR7 is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.展开更多
AIM: To investigate if loss of epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpCAM) is associated with microinvasion in hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) in the presence of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: The expression of EpCAM, cyto...AIM: To investigate if loss of epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpCAM) is associated with microinvasion in hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) in the presence of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: The expression of EpCAM, cytokeratin 7(CK7)and CK19 in 112 hepatic nodules was studied, including 20 HCCs with nodules ≤ 3 cm, 26 HCCs with nodules > 3 cm, 20 high-grade dysplastic nodules, 26 cirrhotic, large regenerative nodules and 20 cases of cirrhosis.RESULTS: Membranes of ductular reaction(DR) hepatobiliary cells, interlobular bile duct and some hepatic cells were positive for EpCAM expression. Active expression of DR/EpCAM was observed in the majority of noninvasive nodules(50/66, 75.76%); however, expression was absent in the major area of invasion in HCCs(42/46, 91.30%). DR/EpCAM loss in HCCs ≤ 3 cm was higher than in high-grade dysplastic nodules(HGDNs)(P < 0.05), cirrhotic, large regenerative nodules and cirrhosis(P < 0.01). Furthermore, patients(20 HCCs ≤ 3 cm, 26 HCCs > 3 cm, 20 HGDNs) with DR/EpCAM expression had a higher overall survival rate(P < 0.01) and lower early recurrence rate(P < 0.01). DR/EpCAM expression showed a close relationship with DR/CK7 and DR/CK19 expression(P < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of DR/EpCAM was similar to that of DR/CK7 and DR/CK19(P > 0.05). The diagnostic specificity and diagnostic accuracy were both increased when DR/EpCAM, DR/CK7 and DR/CK19 were combined(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: DR/EpCAM loss may be a useful marker for determining microinvasion in HCCs ≤ 3 cm, but also for predicting prognosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic,nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease.Acupuncture and moxibustion is proved effective in treating UC,but the mechanism has not been clarified.Proteomic technology ha...BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic,nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease.Acupuncture and moxibustion is proved effective in treating UC,but the mechanism has not been clarified.Proteomic technology has revealed a variety of biological markers related to immunity and inflammation in UC,which provide new insights and directions for the study of mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of UC.AIM To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA)and herb-partitioned moxibustion(HM)on UC rats by using proteomics technology.METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal(N)group,the dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model(M)group,the HM group,and the EA group.UC rat model was prepared with 3%DSS,and HM and EA interventions at the bilateral Tianshu and Qihai acupoints were performed in HM or EA group.Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used for morphological evaluation of colon tissues.Isotope-labeled relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were performed for proteome analysis of the colon tissues,followed by bioinformatics analysis and protein-protein interaction networks establishment of differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)between groups.Then western blot was used for verification of selected DEPs.RESULTS The macroscopic colon injury scores and histopathology scores in the HM and EA groups were significantly decreased compared to the rats in the M group(P<0.01).Compared with the N group,a total of 202 DEPs were identified in the M group,including 111 up-regulated proteins and 91 down-regulated proteins,of which 25 and 15 proteins were reversed after HM and EA interventions,respectively.The DEPs were involved in various biological processes such as biological regulation,immune system progression and in multiple pathways including natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity,intestinal immune network for immunoglobulin A(IgA)production,and FcγR-mediated phagocytosis.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways of DEPs between HM and M groups,EA and M groups both included immuneassociated and oxidative phosphorylation.Network analysis revealed that multiple pathways for the DEPs of each group were involved in protein-protein interactions,and the expression of oxidative phosphorylation pathway-related proteins,including ATP synthase subunit g(ATP5L),ATP synthase beta subunit precursor(Atp5f),cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1(Cox4i1)were down-regulated after HM and EA interventions.Subsequent verification of selected DEPs(Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A;nuclear cap binding protein subunit 1;carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1;Cox4i1;ATP synthase subunit b,Atp5f1;doublecortin like kinase 3)by western blot confirmed the reliability of the iTRAQ data,HM and EA interventions can significantly downregulate the expression of oxidative phosphorylation-associated proteins(Cox4i1,Atp5f1)(P<0.01).CONCLUSION EA and HM could regulate the expression of ATP5L,Atp5f1,Cox4i1 that associated with oxidative phosphorylation,then might regulate immune-related pathways of intestinal immune network for IgA production,FcγR-mediated phagocytosis,thereby alleviating colonic inflammation of DSSinduced UC rats.展开更多
In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals...In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals.The resulting samples were then studied by using attenuated total internal reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method.Peroxide radicals are generally considered active substances which can initiate the crosslinking reaction.Melt mixing of the surface-treated LDPE allowed activated polymer chains with peroxide radicals to initiate the crosslinking reaction,and the maximum gel fraction obtained was 4.1%.The rheological behaviors,including viscosity,storage and loss moduli,loss tangent,and Cole-Cole plots,of the slightly crosslinked LDPE were studied,and the results of tensile experiments revealed that the formation of slightly crosslinked structures can improve yield and fracture stresses without sacrificing the breakage strain.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC),also known as chronic nonspecific UC,is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation.The incidence and prevalence of UC have risen markedly,and ...BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC),also known as chronic nonspecific UC,is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation.The incidence and prevalence of UC have risen markedly,and the disease seriously affects the quality of life of patients,and poses a great burden on the world health care infrastructure and economy.CASE SUMMARY We present a 60-year-old man who had ulcerative colitis for more than 10 years,with recurrent abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent stool.The treatments with sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and traditional Chinese medicine were not effective,and herbs-partitioned moxibustion(HPM)was then applied at“Zhongwan”(RN12),“Tianshu”(ST25),and“Qihai”(RN6)once a day for about 30 min,3 times per week,for 6 mo.His main clinical symptoms of abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent stool gradually improved,and the mucosa had nearly healed,as observed under endoscopy by the 6th mo.The patient’s condition was alleviated without relapsing during the subsequent 3-mo follow-up period.HPM showed a significant effect in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in this case,and the effect would help the patient to maintain remission for at least 3 mo.CONCLUSION A series of symptoms of this UC patient significantly improved with the treatment of HPM.展开更多
The technique of terahertz pulses generated from the photoconductive switches has been applied in the ultrafast electrical pulse metrology recently.A lumped-element theoretical model is established to describe the per...The technique of terahertz pulses generated from the photoconductive switches has been applied in the ultrafast electrical pulse metrology recently.A lumped-element theoretical model is established to describe the performance of the LT-GaAs ultrafast photoconductive switch used in the ultrafast pulse standard.The carrier transport processes of the photoexcited semiconductor,the attenuation and dispersion during terahertz pulse propagating are considered in the theoretical model.According to the experimental parameters,the waveforms of the generated terahertz pulses are calculated under optical excitations with different wavelengths of 840 nm and 450 nm,respectively.And comparisons between the theoretical results and the experimental results are carried out.展开更多
Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duch)is a very popular fruit,which is very common for productive cultivation,but not for ornamental cultivation.In order to improve the ornamental quality of strawberry and study its ...Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duch)is a very popular fruit,which is very common for productive cultivation,but not for ornamental cultivation.In order to improve the ornamental quality of strawberry and study its ornamental cultivation techniques,the variety selection,cultivation methods,flower pot selection,soil,fertilizer and water management,temperature,humidity and light management,and flower,fruit and pollination management of strawberry were investigated,especially its precision fertilization.The optimum combination fertilization scheme was A_(3)B_(2)C_(1),namely‘Lvbao’6 g,‘Weibao’6 g,‘Double carbon’2 g,which was obtained by an orthogonal test with three factors and three levels.This combined fertilization method overcomes the deficiency of single fertilization and improves the fertilization effect,and provides a reference for ornamental cultivation of strawberry.展开更多
Ultrafast optoelectronic technology has been widely used in terahertz time domain spectrum,terahertz imaging technology,terahertz communication and so on,and great progress has been achieved in the past two decade.Rec...Ultrafast optoelectronic technology has been widely used in terahertz time domain spectrum,terahertz imaging technology,terahertz communication and so on,and great progress has been achieved in the past two decade.Recently,this innovative technology has been applied in radio metrology and supplied a potential and hopeful method to solve the existent challenges of calibration devices and equipments with bandwidth up to 100 GHz.This paper generally summarizes the emerging applications of the ultrafast optoelectronic technology in radio metrology.The main applications of this technology in calibrating broadband sampling oscilloscopes,the high-speed photodiodes and calibrating the electrical pulse generators are emphasized,and the testing of monolithic microwave integrated circuits is also presented.展开更多
A novel numerical piston-type wave-maker toolbox for the OpenFOAM is developed and demonstrated in this paper. This toolbox is implemented in C++ for improving the solutions of nonlinear wave problems in the field of ...A novel numerical piston-type wave-maker toolbox for the OpenFOAM is developed and demonstrated in this paper. This toolbox is implemented in C++ for improving the solutions of nonlinear wave problems in the field of hydrodynamics. As a toolbox that generates waves using the piston-type method only, it contains several frequently used functions, including the generation and the absorption of waves of various forms, an active absorption system and the porous media flow. Furthermore, to illustrate the operability of the toolbox, some validations and applications are presented, including the regular waves, the irregular waves, and the solitary waves. In each case, a satisfactory agreement is obtained in comparison with the published experimental or theoretical results,so this toolbox may be applied with a considerable confidence.展开更多
Pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) was successfully grafted onto the plasma-treated isotactic polypropylene (iPP) via the in situ melt processing. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that t...Pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) was successfully grafted onto the plasma-treated isotactic polypropylene (iPP) via the in situ melt processing. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, and peroxides could be generated via plasma treatment. The content of free radical in plasma-treated iPP (PiPP) was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). It was found that the resulting peroxides induced the grafting copolymerization of PETA onto iPP, and the grafted PETA promoted the formation of β-crystal in PiPP, which was evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements, respectively.展开更多
The wind energy resource is considerably rich in the deep water of China South Sea,where wind farms have to face the challenge of extreme typhoon events.In this work,the typhoon effect on the aerodynamic performance o...The wind energy resource is considerably rich in the deep water of China South Sea,where wind farms have to face the challenge of extreme typhoon events.In this work,the typhoon effect on the aerodynamic performance of the 5MW OC3-Hywind floating offshore wind turbine(FOWT)system has been investigated,based on the Aero-Hydro-Servo-Elastic FAST code.First,considering the full field observation data of typhoon“Damrey”is a long duration process with significant turbulence and high wind speed,so one 3-h representative truncated typhoon wind speed time history has been selected.Second,the effects of both the(variable-speed and collective-pitch)control system of NREL 5 MW wind turbine and the motion of the floating platform on the blade aerodynamic performance of the FOWT system during the representative typhoon time history has been investigated,based on blade element momentum(BEM)theory(coupled with potential theory for the calculation of the hydrodynamic loads of the Spar platform).Finally,the effects of different wind turbine control strategies,control parameter(KP-KI)combinations,wave heights and parked modes on the rotor aerodynamic responses of the FOWT system have been clarified.The extreme typhoon event can result in considerably large extreme responses of the rotor thrust and the generated power due to the possible blade pitch angle error phenomenon.One active-parked strategy has been proposed for reducing the maximum aerodynamic responses of the FOWT system during extreme typhoon events.展开更多
In this work,the formation of cocontinuous structure in immiscible high density polyethylene/isotactic polypropylene(HDPE/iPP)blends was investigated for various olefin-based compatibilizers of distinct molecular arch...In this work,the formation of cocontinuous structure in immiscible high density polyethylene/isotactic polypropylene(HDPE/iPP)blends was investigated for various olefin-based compatibilizers of distinct molecular architectures,including ternary random copolymer EPDM,olefin block copolymer(OBC),polypropylene-based OBC(PP-OBC),ethylene/a-olefin copolymer(POE),bottlebrush polymer poly(1-dodecene),and comb-like poly(propylene-co-high a-olefin)(PPO).The scanning electron microscopy results show that after adding OBC,PP-OBC,and POE copolymers,the finer droplet-in-matrix morphologies were obtained in 70/30 HDPE/iPP blend.Interestingly,for 70/30 HDPE/iPP blend with just 5 wt%of PPO copolymers,the phase inversion from droplet-in-matrix to cocontinuous morphology can be observed.It was proposed that the development of cocontinuous morphology contained the following steps:(1)in terfacial saturati on of compatibilizers and droplet deformation,(2)droplet-droplet coalesce nee,(3)continuity development,and(4)the formation of dual-phase con tinuity.Among the diverse copolymers studied in this work,PPO copolymer can be easily removed out of the interface during droplet coalescence and stabilize the curvature of minor fiber phase,facilitating the formation of cocontinuous morphology.In contrast,other olefin-based compatibilizers(EPDM,OBC,PP-OBC,and POE)exhibit the distinct steric repulsion effect to prohibit droplet coalescence.Moreover,the cocontinous interval varies with the compatibilizer architectures.Surprisingly,after adding 10 wt%of PPO copolymers,the cocontinuous interval was greatly broadened from HDPE/iPP range of 45/55-60/40 to that of 40/60-70/30.展开更多
Testicular two-dimensional ultrasound is a testing modality that is often used to evaluate azoospermia and other related diseases.With the continuous development of deep learning in recent years,the combination of dee...Testicular two-dimensional ultrasound is a testing modality that is often used to evaluate azoospermia and other related diseases.With the continuous development of deep learning in recent years,the combination of deep learning and testicular ultrasound appears unstoppable despite a lack of relevant standards.One of the major problems associated with the digitization of ultrasound images is the uneven quality of data however,and a standardized data source and acquisition process has not yet been developed.Such a standard could fill the current gap,and establish acquisition criteria for ultrasound images of testes during the male reproductive period,including grayscale ultrasound,shear wave elastography,and contrast-enhanced ultrasound.By following these guidelines the quality of testicular ultrasound images would be improved and standardized,which would lay a solid foundation for the standardization of testicular ultrasound images,and assist automated evaluation of testicular spermatogenic function of whole testis in azoospermic males.展开更多
Electrolytes based on poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)have attracted great attention in the fields of next-generation solid lithium-ion batteries.However,the low ionic conductivity prevents their practical applications.Herei...Electrolytes based on poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)have attracted great attention in the fields of next-generation solid lithium-ion batteries.However,the low ionic conductivity prevents their practical applications.Herein,we report novel solid electrolytes based on block copolymers composed of PILs and comb-like poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG),which were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 3-(2-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)ethyl)-1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide and poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate.Comb-like PEG acts as plasticizers in block copolymers dominated by PILs to promote the mobility of PILs segments.Effects of the copolymer composition and length of the comb-like PEG chain on ionic conductivity were investigated.The optimized electrolyte delivers the highest ionic conductivity of 1.5×10^(–5)S·cm^(–1)at 30℃,and robust electrochemical stability up to 4.6 V.A solid-state Li/LiFePO4 cell using the optimized electrolyte demonstrates good cycle performance at 0.2 C with high capacity retention of 92%after 70 cycles at 50℃.展开更多
A series of brominated polynorbornene derivatives,including bulky steric hydrophobic groups and highly physical and chemical stable backbones,were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization and post-functi...A series of brominated polynorbornene derivatives,including bulky steric hydrophobic groups and highly physical and chemical stable backbones,were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization and post-functionalized with trimethylammonium(QA),N-methylimidazole(Im),N-methylpyrrolidinium(Pyr)or N-methylpiperidinium(Pip)to construct the entire anion exchange membranes(AEMs).Benefited from prominent phase-separated morphology,PBO-x%-y(x=66,68,70;y=QA,Im,Pyr,Pip)AEMs with ion exchange capacity(IEC)approaching 2.0 meq·g^(−1)exhibited super high hydroxide conductivities.Thereinto,PBO-70%-Pip possessed the highest hydroxide conductivity of 137.3 mS·cm^(−1)at 80℃Moreover,all membranes exhibit low swelling ratio(SR)(the SR of PBO-66%-QA was just 8.6%at 80℃).That is,bulky steric hydrophobic groups play a crucial role in balancing the high hydroxide conductivity and low SR in AEMs.Furthermore,three AEMs(PBO-66%-QA,PBO-68%-Pyr,PBO-70%-Pip)showed good alkaline stability after immersion into 1.0 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution at 80℃for 480 h without any degradation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (China, grant numbers 81671006, 81300894)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (China, grant number 2019-I2M-5-038)National Clinical Key Discipline Construction Project (China, PKUSSNKP-202102)。
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic alterations of oral MPCs. Clinicopathological data from patients with oral single primary carcinoma (SPC, n=202) and oral MPCs (n=34) were collected and compared. Copy number alteration (CNA) analysis was conducted to identify chromosomal-instability differences among oral MPCs, recurrent OSCC cases, and OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Whole-exome sequencing was employed to identify potential unique gene mutations in oral MPCs patients. Additionally, CNA and phylogenetic tree analyses were used to gain preliminary insights into the molecular characteristics of different primary tumors within individual patients. Our findings revealed that, in contrast to oral SPC, females predominated the oral MPCs (70.59%), while smoking and alcohol use were not frequent in MPCs.Moreover, long-term survival outcomes were poorer in oral MPCs. From a CNA perspective, no significant differences were observed between oral MPCs patients and those with recurrence and lymph node metastasis. In addition to commonly mutated genes such as CASP8, TP53 and MUC16, in oral MPCs we also detected relatively rare mutations, such as HS3ST6 and RFPL4A. Furthermore, this study also demonstrated that most MPCs patients exhibited similarities in certain genomic regions within individuals, and distinct differences of the similarity degree were observed between synchronous and metachronous oral MPCs.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Binhai New Area Health Industry Medical and Health Science Project,No.2011BHKY021Tianjin Binhai New Area Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Project,No.2012DK15W007Tianjin Binhai New Area Port Area Social Development Science and Technology Project,No.20120211
文摘AIM To investigate the role of CXC chemokine receptor(CXCR)-7 and CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric carcinoma.METHODS In 160 cases of gastric cancer, the expression of CXCR7 and CXCL12 in tumor and matched tumoradjacent non-cancer tissues, in the lymph nodes around the stomach and in the liver was detected using immunohistochemistry to analyze the relationship between CXCR7/CXCL12 expression and clinicopathological features and to determine whether CXCR7 and CXCL12 constitute a biological axis to promote lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer. Furthermore, the CXCR7 gene was silenced and overexpressed in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness were measured by the MTT, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. RESULTS CXCR7 expression was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues(P = 0.011). CXCR7/CXCL12 expression was significantly related to poor tumor differentiation, high tumor stage and lymph node(r = 0.338, P = 0.000) and liver metastasis(r = 0.629, P = 0.000). The expression of CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis was higher than that in primary gastric cancer tissues(χ2 = 6.669, P = 0.010; χ2 = 25379, P = 0.000), and the expression of CXCL12 in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer was consistent with the positive expression of CXCR7 in primary gastric cancer(r = 0.338, P = 0.000; r = 0.629, P = 0.000). Overexpression of the CXCR7 gene promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Silencing of the CXCR7 gene suppressed SGC-7901 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Human gastric cancer cell lines expressed CXCR7 and showed vigorous proliferation and migratory responses to CXCL12.CONCLUSION The CXCR7/CXCL12 axis is involved in lymph node and liver metastasis of gastric cancer. CXCR7 is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
基金Supported by Key Project of Tianjin Science and Technology Committee,No.05YFSZSF02500Foundation of Tianjin,No.08JCYBJC08300Key Research Project of Tianjin Healthy Bureau,No.11KG112
文摘AIM: To investigate if loss of epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpCAM) is associated with microinvasion in hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) in the presence of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: The expression of EpCAM, cytokeratin 7(CK7)and CK19 in 112 hepatic nodules was studied, including 20 HCCs with nodules ≤ 3 cm, 26 HCCs with nodules > 3 cm, 20 high-grade dysplastic nodules, 26 cirrhotic, large regenerative nodules and 20 cases of cirrhosis.RESULTS: Membranes of ductular reaction(DR) hepatobiliary cells, interlobular bile duct and some hepatic cells were positive for EpCAM expression. Active expression of DR/EpCAM was observed in the majority of noninvasive nodules(50/66, 75.76%); however, expression was absent in the major area of invasion in HCCs(42/46, 91.30%). DR/EpCAM loss in HCCs ≤ 3 cm was higher than in high-grade dysplastic nodules(HGDNs)(P < 0.05), cirrhotic, large regenerative nodules and cirrhosis(P < 0.01). Furthermore, patients(20 HCCs ≤ 3 cm, 26 HCCs > 3 cm, 20 HGDNs) with DR/EpCAM expression had a higher overall survival rate(P < 0.01) and lower early recurrence rate(P < 0.01). DR/EpCAM expression showed a close relationship with DR/CK7 and DR/CK19 expression(P < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of DR/EpCAM was similar to that of DR/CK7 and DR/CK19(P > 0.05). The diagnostic specificity and diagnostic accuracy were both increased when DR/EpCAM, DR/CK7 and DR/CK19 were combined(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: DR/EpCAM loss may be a useful marker for determining microinvasion in HCCs ≤ 3 cm, but also for predicting prognosis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China No.81973955,82004475 and 82174501Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion No.20MC1920500+1 种基金Clinical Key Specialty Construction Foundation of Shanghai No.shslczdzk04701Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai No.21ZR1460200
文摘BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic,nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease.Acupuncture and moxibustion is proved effective in treating UC,but the mechanism has not been clarified.Proteomic technology has revealed a variety of biological markers related to immunity and inflammation in UC,which provide new insights and directions for the study of mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of UC.AIM To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA)and herb-partitioned moxibustion(HM)on UC rats by using proteomics technology.METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal(N)group,the dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model(M)group,the HM group,and the EA group.UC rat model was prepared with 3%DSS,and HM and EA interventions at the bilateral Tianshu and Qihai acupoints were performed in HM or EA group.Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used for morphological evaluation of colon tissues.Isotope-labeled relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were performed for proteome analysis of the colon tissues,followed by bioinformatics analysis and protein-protein interaction networks establishment of differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)between groups.Then western blot was used for verification of selected DEPs.RESULTS The macroscopic colon injury scores and histopathology scores in the HM and EA groups were significantly decreased compared to the rats in the M group(P<0.01).Compared with the N group,a total of 202 DEPs were identified in the M group,including 111 up-regulated proteins and 91 down-regulated proteins,of which 25 and 15 proteins were reversed after HM and EA interventions,respectively.The DEPs were involved in various biological processes such as biological regulation,immune system progression and in multiple pathways including natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity,intestinal immune network for immunoglobulin A(IgA)production,and FcγR-mediated phagocytosis.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways of DEPs between HM and M groups,EA and M groups both included immuneassociated and oxidative phosphorylation.Network analysis revealed that multiple pathways for the DEPs of each group were involved in protein-protein interactions,and the expression of oxidative phosphorylation pathway-related proteins,including ATP synthase subunit g(ATP5L),ATP synthase beta subunit precursor(Atp5f),cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1(Cox4i1)were down-regulated after HM and EA interventions.Subsequent verification of selected DEPs(Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A;nuclear cap binding protein subunit 1;carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1;Cox4i1;ATP synthase subunit b,Atp5f1;doublecortin like kinase 3)by western blot confirmed the reliability of the iTRAQ data,HM and EA interventions can significantly downregulate the expression of oxidative phosphorylation-associated proteins(Cox4i1,Atp5f1)(P<0.01).CONCLUSION EA and HM could regulate the expression of ATP5L,Atp5f1,Cox4i1 that associated with oxidative phosphorylation,then might regulate immune-related pathways of intestinal immune network for IgA production,FcγR-mediated phagocytosis,thereby alleviating colonic inflammation of DSSinduced UC rats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51473113)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.12JCYBJC11900)
文摘In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals.The resulting samples were then studied by using attenuated total internal reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method.Peroxide radicals are generally considered active substances which can initiate the crosslinking reaction.Melt mixing of the surface-treated LDPE allowed activated polymer chains with peroxide radicals to initiate the crosslinking reaction,and the maximum gel fraction obtained was 4.1%.The rheological behaviors,including viscosity,storage and loss moduli,loss tangent,and Cole-Cole plots,of the slightly crosslinked LDPE were studied,and the results of tensile experiments revealed that the formation of slightly crosslinked structures can improve yield and fracture stresses without sacrificing the breakage strain.
基金Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center,No.16 CR4023ANational Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81574081 and No.81674074+2 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program,No.17YF1417600Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation“100 Million”Talent Project(Qi Huang Scholar),No.2018284the Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,No.201840096。
文摘BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC),also known as chronic nonspecific UC,is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation.The incidence and prevalence of UC have risen markedly,and the disease seriously affects the quality of life of patients,and poses a great burden on the world health care infrastructure and economy.CASE SUMMARY We present a 60-year-old man who had ulcerative colitis for more than 10 years,with recurrent abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent stool.The treatments with sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and traditional Chinese medicine were not effective,and herbs-partitioned moxibustion(HPM)was then applied at“Zhongwan”(RN12),“Tianshu”(ST25),and“Qihai”(RN6)once a day for about 30 min,3 times per week,for 6 mo.His main clinical symptoms of abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent stool gradually improved,and the mucosa had nearly healed,as observed under endoscopy by the 6th mo.The patient’s condition was alleviated without relapsing during the subsequent 3-mo follow-up period.HPM showed a significant effect in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in this case,and the effect would help the patient to maintain remission for at least 3 mo.CONCLUSION A series of symptoms of this UC patient significantly improved with the treatment of HPM.
文摘The technique of terahertz pulses generated from the photoconductive switches has been applied in the ultrafast electrical pulse metrology recently.A lumped-element theoretical model is established to describe the performance of the LT-GaAs ultrafast photoconductive switch used in the ultrafast pulse standard.The carrier transport processes of the photoexcited semiconductor,the attenuation and dispersion during terahertz pulse propagating are considered in the theoretical model.According to the experimental parameters,the waveforms of the generated terahertz pulses are calculated under optical excitations with different wavelengths of 840 nm and 450 nm,respectively.And comparisons between the theoretical results and the experimental results are carried out.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture(XY-KJ-22-10).
文摘Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duch)is a very popular fruit,which is very common for productive cultivation,but not for ornamental cultivation.In order to improve the ornamental quality of strawberry and study its ornamental cultivation techniques,the variety selection,cultivation methods,flower pot selection,soil,fertilizer and water management,temperature,humidity and light management,and flower,fruit and pollination management of strawberry were investigated,especially its precision fertilization.The optimum combination fertilization scheme was A_(3)B_(2)C_(1),namely‘Lvbao’6 g,‘Weibao’6 g,‘Double carbon’2 g,which was obtained by an orthogonal test with three factors and three levels.This combined fertilization method overcomes the deficiency of single fertilization and improves the fertilization effect,and provides a reference for ornamental cultivation of strawberry.
文摘Ultrafast optoelectronic technology has been widely used in terahertz time domain spectrum,terahertz imaging technology,terahertz communication and so on,and great progress has been achieved in the past two decade.Recently,this innovative technology has been applied in radio metrology and supplied a potential and hopeful method to solve the existent challenges of calibration devices and equipments with bandwidth up to 100 GHz.This paper generally summarizes the emerging applications of the ultrafast optoelectronic technology in radio metrology.The main applications of this technology in calibrating broadband sampling oscilloscopes,the high-speed photodiodes and calibrating the electrical pulse generators are emphasized,and the testing of monolithic microwave integrated circuits is also presented.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51579034the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean (Grant No. 201405025).
文摘A novel numerical piston-type wave-maker toolbox for the OpenFOAM is developed and demonstrated in this paper. This toolbox is implemented in C++ for improving the solutions of nonlinear wave problems in the field of hydrodynamics. As a toolbox that generates waves using the piston-type method only, it contains several frequently used functions, including the generation and the absorption of waves of various forms, an active absorption system and the porous media flow. Furthermore, to illustrate the operability of the toolbox, some validations and applications are presented, including the regular waves, the irregular waves, and the solitary waves. In each case, a satisfactory agreement is obtained in comparison with the published experimental or theoretical results,so this toolbox may be applied with a considerable confidence.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51473113)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.12JCYBJC11900)
文摘Pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) was successfully grafted onto the plasma-treated isotactic polypropylene (iPP) via the in situ melt processing. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, and peroxides could be generated via plasma treatment. The content of free radical in plasma-treated iPP (PiPP) was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). It was found that the resulting peroxides induced the grafting copolymerization of PETA onto iPP, and the grafted PETA promoted the formation of β-crystal in PiPP, which was evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements, respectively.
基金This research was supported by the Fundamental Re-search Funds for the Central Universities and National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(grant NO.51709040,51761135011,51651902).
文摘The wind energy resource is considerably rich in the deep water of China South Sea,where wind farms have to face the challenge of extreme typhoon events.In this work,the typhoon effect on the aerodynamic performance of the 5MW OC3-Hywind floating offshore wind turbine(FOWT)system has been investigated,based on the Aero-Hydro-Servo-Elastic FAST code.First,considering the full field observation data of typhoon“Damrey”is a long duration process with significant turbulence and high wind speed,so one 3-h representative truncated typhoon wind speed time history has been selected.Second,the effects of both the(variable-speed and collective-pitch)control system of NREL 5 MW wind turbine and the motion of the floating platform on the blade aerodynamic performance of the FOWT system during the representative typhoon time history has been investigated,based on blade element momentum(BEM)theory(coupled with potential theory for the calculation of the hydrodynamic loads of the Spar platform).Finally,the effects of different wind turbine control strategies,control parameter(KP-KI)combinations,wave heights and parked modes on the rotor aerodynamic responses of the FOWT system have been clarified.The extreme typhoon event can result in considerably large extreme responses of the rotor thrust and the generated power due to the possible blade pitch angle error phenomenon.One active-parked strategy has been proposed for reducing the maximum aerodynamic responses of the FOWT system during extreme typhoon events.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21574097).
文摘In this work,the formation of cocontinuous structure in immiscible high density polyethylene/isotactic polypropylene(HDPE/iPP)blends was investigated for various olefin-based compatibilizers of distinct molecular architectures,including ternary random copolymer EPDM,olefin block copolymer(OBC),polypropylene-based OBC(PP-OBC),ethylene/a-olefin copolymer(POE),bottlebrush polymer poly(1-dodecene),and comb-like poly(propylene-co-high a-olefin)(PPO).The scanning electron microscopy results show that after adding OBC,PP-OBC,and POE copolymers,the finer droplet-in-matrix morphologies were obtained in 70/30 HDPE/iPP blend.Interestingly,for 70/30 HDPE/iPP blend with just 5 wt%of PPO copolymers,the phase inversion from droplet-in-matrix to cocontinuous morphology can be observed.It was proposed that the development of cocontinuous morphology contained the following steps:(1)in terfacial saturati on of compatibilizers and droplet deformation,(2)droplet-droplet coalesce nee,(3)continuity development,and(4)the formation of dual-phase con tinuity.Among the diverse copolymers studied in this work,PPO copolymer can be easily removed out of the interface during droplet coalescence and stabilize the curvature of minor fiber phase,facilitating the formation of cocontinuous morphology.In contrast,other olefin-based compatibilizers(EPDM,OBC,PP-OBC,and POE)exhibit the distinct steric repulsion effect to prohibit droplet coalescence.Moreover,the cocontinous interval varies with the compatibilizer architectures.Surprisingly,after adding 10 wt%of PPO copolymers,the cocontinuous interval was greatly broadened from HDPE/iPP range of 45/55-60/40 to that of 40/60-70/30.
基金Funding for this project was received from Science and Tech-nology Planning Projects of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2018B010109008)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0116500)+1 种基金5010 Project of Clinical Research at Sun Yat-Sen University(Grant No.2019016)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2020A151501523).
文摘Testicular two-dimensional ultrasound is a testing modality that is often used to evaluate azoospermia and other related diseases.With the continuous development of deep learning in recent years,the combination of deep learning and testicular ultrasound appears unstoppable despite a lack of relevant standards.One of the major problems associated with the digitization of ultrasound images is the uneven quality of data however,and a standardized data source and acquisition process has not yet been developed.Such a standard could fill the current gap,and establish acquisition criteria for ultrasound images of testes during the male reproductive period,including grayscale ultrasound,shear wave elastography,and contrast-enhanced ultrasound.By following these guidelines the quality of testicular ultrasound images would be improved and standardized,which would lay a solid foundation for the standardization of testicular ultrasound images,and assist automated evaluation of testicular spermatogenic function of whole testis in azoospermic males.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52130307).
文摘Electrolytes based on poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)have attracted great attention in the fields of next-generation solid lithium-ion batteries.However,the low ionic conductivity prevents their practical applications.Herein,we report novel solid electrolytes based on block copolymers composed of PILs and comb-like poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG),which were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 3-(2-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)ethyl)-1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide and poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate.Comb-like PEG acts as plasticizers in block copolymers dominated by PILs to promote the mobility of PILs segments.Effects of the copolymer composition and length of the comb-like PEG chain on ionic conductivity were investigated.The optimized electrolyte delivers the highest ionic conductivity of 1.5×10^(–5)S·cm^(–1)at 30℃,and robust electrochemical stability up to 4.6 V.A solid-state Li/LiFePO4 cell using the optimized electrolyte demonstrates good cycle performance at 0.2 C with high capacity retention of 92%after 70 cycles at 50℃.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52130307)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering(No.2018-K05).
文摘A series of brominated polynorbornene derivatives,including bulky steric hydrophobic groups and highly physical and chemical stable backbones,were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization and post-functionalized with trimethylammonium(QA),N-methylimidazole(Im),N-methylpyrrolidinium(Pyr)or N-methylpiperidinium(Pip)to construct the entire anion exchange membranes(AEMs).Benefited from prominent phase-separated morphology,PBO-x%-y(x=66,68,70;y=QA,Im,Pyr,Pip)AEMs with ion exchange capacity(IEC)approaching 2.0 meq·g^(−1)exhibited super high hydroxide conductivities.Thereinto,PBO-70%-Pip possessed the highest hydroxide conductivity of 137.3 mS·cm^(−1)at 80℃Moreover,all membranes exhibit low swelling ratio(SR)(the SR of PBO-66%-QA was just 8.6%at 80℃).That is,bulky steric hydrophobic groups play a crucial role in balancing the high hydroxide conductivity and low SR in AEMs.Furthermore,three AEMs(PBO-66%-QA,PBO-68%-Pyr,PBO-70%-Pip)showed good alkaline stability after immersion into 1.0 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution at 80℃for 480 h without any degradation.