Clinical Outcomes of Complete Mesocolic Excision for Right-Sided Colon Cancer Using 3D Laparoscopy versus 2D Laparoscopy

Objective:To study the clinical outcomes of complete mesocolic excision(CME)for right-sided colon cancer using 3D(three-dimensional)laparoscopy compared to 2D(two-dimensional)laparoscopy.Methods:From January 2022 to December 2023,58 patients with right-sided colon cancer treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University were randomly divided into a 3D laparoscopy group(observation group)and a 2D laparoscopy group(control group),with 29 patients in each group.Intraoperative blood loss,postoperative time to first flatulence,length of hospital stay,and incidence of complications in both groups were recorded.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the time to first flatulence between the groups(P>0.05).However,there was a statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay(P<0.05)and the incidence of complications(P<0.05)between the two groups.Conclusion:3D laparoscopy for CME can reduce intraoperative blood loss,shorten hospital stay,and decrease postoperative complications,showing significant clinical advantages over traditional 2D laparoscopy.

Clinical Application Analysis of Laparoscopic-Assisted Total Gastrectomy in the Surgical Treatment of Gastric Cancer

Objective:To investigate the clinical application effect of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy in the surgical treatment of gastric cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 86 COPD patients included in the study were collected and divided into 43 cases each in Groups A and B using the randomization method,with open total gastrectomy in Group A and laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy in Group B.The clinical indexes,pain levels,and complications of patients in the two groups were observed in combination with the indexes.Results:The baseline data of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant(all P>0.05);the operation time,incision length,first flatulence time,and hospitalization time of patients in Group B were shorter than those in Group A(all P=0.000);the NRS scores of patients in Group B on the 1st postoperative day and the 2nd postoperative day were significantly lower than those in Group A(t=23.443,t=28.784,all P=0.000);the total complication rate of patients in Group B(1;2.33%)was significantly lower than that of Group A(9;20.94%)(χ^(2)=7.242,P=0.007).Conclusion:In the surgical treatment of gastric cancer,laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy can promote patients’recovery,reduce patients’pain,and lower the probability of complications.

Expression and Clinical Significance of CMTM6 and PD-L1 in Colorectal Cancer

Objective: To study the expression of CMTM6 in colorectal cancer tissues and explore its relationship with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis. Methods: All patients underwent surgical resection and histopathological examination, and the collected tissue specimens were pathologically classified and divided into 41 cases in the cancer group and 75 cases in the paracancerous group to observe and analyze the expression of CMTM6 and PD- L1. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of gender, age, disease duration, and other data between the two groups (P > 0.05);the high expression rate of CMTM6 in the tissues of the cancer group and the 2 groups of the paracarcinoma group was 82.93% and 1.33%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), and the high expression rate of PD-L1 in the tissues of the cancer group and the 2 groups of the paracarcinoma group were 85.37% and 8.00%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The relationship between high expression of CMTM6 and PD-L1 and tumor diameter, differentiation degree, distant metastasis, and lymphatic metastasis was not statistically significant when compared between groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: CMTM6 and PD-L1 are one of the factors predicting poor prognosis of colorectal cancer, and can be used as one of the reference indexes for treatment selection of colorectal cancer patients.

A novel model of drug cue-induced behaviours in rhesus macaque subjected to chronic ketamine exposure

To the Editor,Non-human primate(NHP)models are advantageous for mimicking human addiction with high behavioural validity.1 However,current NHP drug addiction models(eg,self-administration)often require a comprehensive behavioural training paradigm,relatively expensive apparatus and invasive surgical procedures.

Two-Dimensional Tellurium:Progress,Challenges,and Prospects

Since the successful fabrication of two-dimensional(2D)tellurium(Te)in 2017,its fascinating properties including a thickness dependence bandgap,environmental stability,piezoelectric effect,high carrier mobility,and photoresponse among others show great potential for various applications.These include photodetectors,field-effect transistors,piezoelectric devices,modulators,and energy harvesting devices.However,as a new member of the 2D material family,much less known is about 2D Te compared to other 2D materials.Motivated by this lack of knowledge,we review the recent progress of research into 2D Te nanoflakes.Firstly,we introduce the background and motivation of this review.Then,the crystal structures and synthesis methods are presented,followed by an introduction to their physical properties and applications.Finally,the challenges and further development directions are summarized.We believe that milestone investigations of 2D Te nanoflakes will emerge soon,which will bring about great industrial revelations in 2D materials-based nanodevice commercialization.

Diminishing ether-oxygen content of electrolytes enables temperature-immune lithium metal batteries

The reversibility of lithium(Li) metal anodes is highly susceptible to temperature,owing to the aggravated side reactions at high temperatures and serious Li dendrite growth at low temperatures.Thus it is extremely challenging to simultaneously realize the high Li reversibility in both low and high temperature scenarios.Herein,an oxygen-free solvent(n-hexane,HEX) assisted with the hexyl methyl ether and 1 mol L^(-1)lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is proposed to constitute an electrolyte for temperatureimmune lithium metal batteries.It demonstrates that the HEX not only greatly suppresses the solvent reduction even at high temperatures but also weaken the Li~+-solvent interaction for the facile Li-ion desolvation,leading to high Li Coulombic efficiencies(99.59% at 25℃,99.30%at 60℃ and 98.75% at -30℃) and the dendrite-free Li plating from -30℃ to 60℃.Benefitting from the low density and temperature-immune properties of our electrolyte,the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(3.8mAh cm^(-2))||Li(60 μm) pouch-cells deliver 278 Wh kg^(-1)energy density and maintain the stable performance over 50 cycles,and retain 248 and 320 Wh kg^(-1) energy density at -30℃ and 60℃,respectively.This work provides a new perspective on the electrolyte design for wide-temperature Li metal batteries.

Antidepressant-like effects and memory enhancement of a herbal formula in mice exposed to chronic mild stress

Shen Yuan Gan（SYG） is a Chinese herbal prescription composed of total saponins of Panax ginseng and total oligosaccharide esters of Polygala tenuifolia（2：1）.Our previous studies have demonstrated that SYG has antidepressant-like effects in various mouse models of behavioral depression.The present study aimed to test whether SYG affected chronic mild stress（CMS）-induced depression and cognitive impairment in mice.We found that a 5-week CMS schedule induced significant degradation of the coat state,decreased sucrose intake in the sucrose-preference test,and increased the latency to feed in the noveltysuppressed feeding test.All of these CMS-induced changes were ameliorated by SYG（100 and 200 mg/kg） and fluoxetine（10 mg/kg）.In addition,SYG restored the decreased monoamine neurotransmitter concentrations（serotonin,dopamine,norepinephrine and acetylcholine） induced by CMS in the prefrontal cortex.Interestingly,SYG ameliorated CMS-induced cognitive impairment in the step-through test,and increased the acetylcholine level in the prefrontal cortex.These results suggest that SYG has an antidepressant-like action and enhances cognition by modulating the serotonin,dopamine,norepinephrine,and acetylcholine levels in the prefrontal cortex.

Noninvasive ultrasound deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens induces behavioral avoidance

Ultrasound stimulation is an emerging noninvasive option in treating neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study investigates the behavioral alterations resulting from ultrasound stimulation on the nucleus accumbens(NAc) in freely moving mice. Our results show that an acute ultrasound stimulation on the NAc, rather than the visual cortex or auditory cortex, led to a pronounced avoidance behavior, while repeated NAc ultrasound stimulation resulted in an obvious conditioned place aversion with changes in synaptic protein(Glu A1/2 subunit) expression. Notably, NAc ultrasound stimulation suppressed the morphine-induced conditioned place preference. The results provide evidence that NAc ultrasound stimulation can be applied as a potential noninvasive therapeutic option in treating psychiatric disorders.

Control Model of Multifunctional Hot Metal Ladles

For further research on the control model of muhifunctional hot metal ladles between the ironmaking and steelmaking interface, the hot metal ladies of K steel plant were taken as the object to analyze the operation process. The factors of blast furnace supply and basic oxygen furnace demand were proposed. According to the principle of supply and demand balance, the control model of hot metal was researched under the following factor conditions： equal to, greater than, and less than 1, respectively. The distribution model of the blast furnace, sleelmaking works, and online buffering was proposed. When the supply and demand factor is equal to ） , the turnover number of hot metal ladles equals 16 and the turnover cycle of hot metal ladles equals 512 min. When the factor is greater than 1, the total number of hot metal ladles is equal to the normal turnover number plus the turnover number of the cast iron machine. When the factor is less than 1, the total number of hot metal ladles is equal tO the normal turnover number plus the accumulating number. Satisfactory effects were obtained by applying the control model in produc tion. The numbers of turnover ladles and accumulating ladles were reduced.

Physicochemical properties of coconut husk activated carbon modified by Fe(N0_(3))_(3)and Mn(N0_(3))_(2)

Fe-loaded activated carbon(AC)has high surface acidity and more active sites,while manganese-loaded AC has high oxygen content.Coconut husk AC modified by Fe-Mn was studied with the aim of revealing the modification mechanism.First,HNO_(3)AC was prepared using the nitric acid immersion method.Second,Fe-Mn/AC was prepared using the Fe(N0_(3))_(3)and Mn(N0_(3))_(2)sequential immersion.The effects of HNO_(3),Fe(N0_(3))_(3),and Mn(N0_(3))_(2)on the pore texture and surface chemical characteristics of carbon materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)analysis,X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The surface topography,pore structure,active material,and functional groups of AC,HNO_(3)/AC,and Fe-Mn/AC were systematically studied.The following results were obtained.The surface of HNO_(3)AC has more ditches and air voids;the micropores of HNO_(3)AC are deformed and flattened compared to those of AC.The surface of Fe-Mn/AC exhibits an accumulation phenomenon.MnFe_(2)O_(4)and FeMn_(2)O_(4)formed more pore structures.AC and HNO_(3)AC have numerous micropores.The higher loading quantity of Fe-Mn results in bigger specific surface.The active components of Fe-Mn/AC-1,Fe-Mn/AC-2,Fe-Mn/AC-3,and Fe-Mn/AC-4 are MnFe_(2)O_(4),MnO_(0.43)Fe_(2.57)O_(4),Mn_(3)O_(4),and ot-Fe_(2)O_(3)>respectively.The surface functional groups of AC and HNO_(3)AC are oxygen-containing functional groups.The effect of Fe-Mn modifying conditions on functional group species is rare;however,Fe/AC has more oxygen-containing functional groups.These research findings can aid in the desulfurization and denitrification of the Fe-Mn/AC catalyst.

Machine learning for deep elastic strain engineering of semiconductor electronic band structure and effective mass

The controlled introduction of elastic strains is an appealing strategy for modulating the physical properties of semiconductor materials.With the recent discovery of large elastic deformation in nanoscale specimens as diverse as silicon and diamond,employing this strategy to improve device performance necessitates first-principles computations of the fundamental electronic band structure and target figures-of-merit,through the design of an optimal straining pathway.Such simulations,however,call for approaches that combine deep learning algorithms and physics of deformation with band structure calculations to custom-design electronic and optical properties.Motivated by this challenge,we present here details of a machine learning framework involving convolutional neural networks to represent the topology and curvature of band structures in k-space.These calculations enable us to identify ways in which the physical properties can be altered through“deep”elastic strain engineering up to a large fraction of the ideal strain.Algorithms capable of active learning and informed by the underlying physics were presented here for predicting the bandgap and the band structure.By training a surrogate model with ab initio computational data,our method can identify the most efficient strain energy pathway to realize physical property changes.The power of this method is further demonstrated with results from the prediction of strain states that influence the effective electron mass.We illustrate the applications of the method with specific results for diamonds,although the general deep learning technique presented here is potentially useful for optimizing the physical properties of a wide variety of semiconductor materials。

Steel ladle exchange models during steelmaking and continuous casting process

The models and influencing factors of steel ladles exchange during the steelmaking and continuous casting process of H steel plant were investigated. Based on analysis of the operation process and turnover time of steel ladles, relationship models for the turnover number, turnover rate, continuous casting number, number of ladles with additional turnover, and number of ladles without additional turnover were built. The turnover rules of steel ladles for one basic oxygen furnace （BOF） matching one continuous caster （CC） and two BOFs matching two CCs modes were simulated by using a Gantt chart. The models of steel ladle exchange were proposed for casting of a single CC and overlapping casting of two CCs. By analyzing the influencing factors, the following conclusions were drawn. The exchange ladle should not have the task of transporting liquid ste^l in the CC that stops casting earli- er. The end time of the empty ladle in the CC that stops casting earlier should be earlier than the start time of the full ladle in the CC that stops casting later. After evaluating the factors influencing the start casting time, turnover cycle, casting time, continuous casting number, and overlapping time, a prioritization scheme of steel ladle exchange was proposed based on the steel grade. First, the turn- over cycle and single heat casting time were determined; based on these, a reasonable ladle turnover number was calculated. Second, the turnover number and continuous casting number were optimized for maximizing the number of ladles without additional turnover. Lastly, to reduce the casting number during the overlapping time to be lower than the turnover number, the overlapping time was shortened.

Optical forces exerted on a graphene-coated dielectric particle by a focused Gaussian beam

In this paper, we derive the analytical expression for the multipole expansion coefficients of scattering and interior fields of a graphene-coated dielectric particle under the illumination of an arbitrary optical beam. By using this arbitrary beam theory, we systematically investigate the optical forces exerted on the graphene-coated particle by a focused Gaussian beam. Via tuning the chemical potential of the graphene, the optical force spectra could be modulated accordingly at resonant excitation. The hybridized whispering gallery mode of the electromagnetic field inside the graphene-coated polystyrene particle is more intensively localized than the pure polystyrene particle, which leads to a weakened morphology-dependent resonance in the optical forces. These investigations could open new perspectives for dynamic engineering of optical manipulations in optical tweezers applications.

Two-dimensional selenium and its composites for device applications

Two-dimensional(2D)selenium was synthesized successfully in 2017.Its advanced properties,including size-dependent bandgap,excellent environmental robustness,strong photoluminescence effect,anisotropic thermal conductivity,and high photoconductivity,render it and selenium-based composites a promising candidate for various device applications.These include batteries,modulators,photodetectors,and photothermal effects in medical applications.However,compared to other commonly used 2D materials,such as graphene,transition metal dichalcogenides,and black phosphorus,2D Se is much less known.Motivated by the need to overcome this lack of knowledge,this article focuses on recent progress and elucidates the crystal structure,synthesis methods,physical properties,applications,challenges,and prospects of 2D Se nanoflakes.