Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important process for the conversion and utilization of a wide range of renewable energy sources, and is critical for the shape of future energy scenario [1–10]. However, ORR is ...Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important process for the conversion and utilization of a wide range of renewable energy sources, and is critical for the shape of future energy scenario [1–10]. However, ORR is a complex four-electron transfer process and is kinetically sluggish. It is urgent to develop high-efficient electrocatalysts to solve this problem [11–15]. Up to now, precious metal-based catalysts such as Pt-based electrocatalysts have been widely studied and found to be one of the most efficient electrocatalysts for ORR. However, the high price and the small reserves limit their large-scale commercialization [10,16–23]. Therefore, in order to fulfill needs for the practical applications, it is necessary to develop low-cost electrocatalysts, also with high activity and great stability [19,24–28].展开更多
The flexibility of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)featuring stimuli-responsive structural transitions is often governed not only by the chemical composition and topology but also by orthogonal factors such as particle ...The flexibility of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)featuring stimuli-responsive structural transitions is often governed not only by the chemical composition and topology but also by orthogonal factors such as particle size,desolvation method,and history of the sample.A precise understanding of the mechanism behind such observations has been lacking up to now,and there are still substantial open questions concerning the impact of sample treatment history.The DUT-8(M)family([M_(2)(2,6-ndc)2(dabco)]n,2,6-ndc=2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate,dabco=1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2]-octane),encompasses isostructural compounds based on Ni,Zn,Co,and Cu in the cluster node and is representative of pillared layer MOFs,often showing flexible behavior.In this contribution,we discuss a possible explanation for the differences in flexibility observed in desolvated phases of DUT-8(Cu).Theoretical calculations and crystallographic data shed light on the preferred formation of interpenetrated confined closed pore phases in DUT-8(Cu)in contrast to DUT-8(Ni,Co,Zn)where the closed pore phases are formed.展开更多
As one of the most important families of porous materials,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have well-defined atomic structures.This provides ideal models for investigating and understanding the relationships between str...As one of the most important families of porous materials,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have well-defined atomic structures.This provides ideal models for investigating and understanding the relationships between structures and catalytic activities at the molecular level.However,the active sites on the edges of two-dimensional(2D)MOFs have rarely been studied,as they are less exposed to the surfaces.Here,for the first time,we synthesized and observed that the 2D layers could align perpendicular to the surface of a 2D zeolitic imidazolate framework L(ZIF-L)with a leaf-like morphology.Owing to this unique orientation,the active sites on the edges of the 2D crystal structure could mostly be exposed to the surfaces.Interestingly,when another layer of ZIF-L-Co was grown heteroepitaxially onto ZIF-L-Zn(ZIF-L-Zn@ZIF-L-Co),the two layers shared a common b axis but rotated by 90°in the ac plane.This demonstrated that we could control exposed facets of the 2D MOFs.The ZIF-L-Co with more exposed edge active sites exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction.This work provides a new concept of designing unique oriented layers in 2D MOFs to expose more edge-active sites for efficient electrocatalysis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21975148,21601118,21773146,21902099,and 21905167)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK201903033 and GK202003025)+5 种基金the “Thousand Talents Program”of Chinathe Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation for Outstanding Young Teachers in Universitythe China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M650254,and 2020T130391)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(SKLOP202002005)the Research Fund Program of Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Provincethe Research Funds of Shaanxi Normal University。
文摘Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important process for the conversion and utilization of a wide range of renewable energy sources, and is critical for the shape of future energy scenario [1–10]. However, ORR is a complex four-electron transfer process and is kinetically sluggish. It is urgent to develop high-efficient electrocatalysts to solve this problem [11–15]. Up to now, precious metal-based catalysts such as Pt-based electrocatalysts have been widely studied and found to be one of the most efficient electrocatalysts for ORR. However, the high price and the small reserves limit their large-scale commercialization [10,16–23]. Therefore, in order to fulfill needs for the practical applications, it is necessary to develop low-cost electrocatalysts, also with high activity and great stability [19,24–28].
基金made possible as a result of a generous grant from the German Research Foundation(grant no.279409724).
文摘The flexibility of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)featuring stimuli-responsive structural transitions is often governed not only by the chemical composition and topology but also by orthogonal factors such as particle size,desolvation method,and history of the sample.A precise understanding of the mechanism behind such observations has been lacking up to now,and there are still substantial open questions concerning the impact of sample treatment history.The DUT-8(M)family([M_(2)(2,6-ndc)2(dabco)]n,2,6-ndc=2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate,dabco=1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2]-octane),encompasses isostructural compounds based on Ni,Zn,Co,and Cu in the cluster node and is representative of pillared layer MOFs,often showing flexible behavior.In this contribution,we discuss a possible explanation for the differences in flexibility observed in desolvated phases of DUT-8(Cu).Theoretical calculations and crystallographic data shed light on the preferred formation of interpenetrated confined closed pore phases in DUT-8(Cu)in contrast to DUT-8(Ni,Co,Zn)where the closed pore phases are formed.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.21975148,21875149,21835002,21875140,and 21773146)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+3 种基金the Research Funds of Shaanxi Normal University,Shanghai Natural Science Fund(no.17ZR1418600)ChEM,SPST of ShanghaiTech University(no.EM02161943)the Swedish Research Council Formas(no.2020-00831,Z.H.)the University of Calgary’s Canada First Research Excellence Fund Program,the Global Research Initiative in Sustainable Low Carbon Unconventional Resources.
文摘As one of the most important families of porous materials,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have well-defined atomic structures.This provides ideal models for investigating and understanding the relationships between structures and catalytic activities at the molecular level.However,the active sites on the edges of two-dimensional(2D)MOFs have rarely been studied,as they are less exposed to the surfaces.Here,for the first time,we synthesized and observed that the 2D layers could align perpendicular to the surface of a 2D zeolitic imidazolate framework L(ZIF-L)with a leaf-like morphology.Owing to this unique orientation,the active sites on the edges of the 2D crystal structure could mostly be exposed to the surfaces.Interestingly,when another layer of ZIF-L-Co was grown heteroepitaxially onto ZIF-L-Zn(ZIF-L-Zn@ZIF-L-Co),the two layers shared a common b axis but rotated by 90°in the ac plane.This demonstrated that we could control exposed facets of the 2D MOFs.The ZIF-L-Co with more exposed edge active sites exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction.This work provides a new concept of designing unique oriented layers in 2D MOFs to expose more edge-active sites for efficient electrocatalysis.