Type I Mirizzi syndrome treated by electrohydraulic lithotripsy under the direct view of SpyGlass:A case report

BACKGROUND Mirizzi syndrome is an uncommon clinical complication for which the available treatment options mainly include open surgery,laparoscopic surgery,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),electrohydraulic lithotripsy,and laser lithotripsy.Here,a patient diagnosed with type I Mirizzi syndrome was treated with electrohydraulic lithotripsy under SpyGlass direct visualization,which may provide a reference to explore new treatments for Mirizzi syndrome.CASE SUMMARY This paper describes a middle-aged female patient with suspected choledocholithiasis who complained for over 1 mo of intermittent abdominal pain,dark yellow urine,jaundice,and was proposed to undergo ERCP lithotomy.Mirizzi syndrome was found during the operation and confirmed by SpyGlass.Electrohydraulic lithotripsy was performed under the direct vision of SpyGlass.After the lithotripsy,the stones were extracted using the stone extraction basket and balloon.After the operation,the patient developed transient hyperamylasemia.Through a series of symptomatic treatments(such as fasting,fluids and antiinflammation medications),the symptoms of the patient improved.Finally,laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open cholecystectomy was performed after a half-year post-operatively.CONCLUSION Direct visualization-guided laser or electrohydraulic lithotripsy with SpyGlass is feasible and minimally invasive for type I Mirizzi syndrome without apparent unsafe outcomes.

前交叉韧带直接止点不同股骨隧道定位解剖位置单束重建对髌股关节退变的影响

目的对比前交叉韧带直接止点不同股骨隧道定位解剖位置单束重建对髌股关节退变的影响。方法选取2016年2月—2021年3月蚌埠市第三人民医院收治的前交叉韧带损伤患者50例的临床资料。根据前交叉韧带重建术中单束重建的股骨隧道定位解剖位置不同分为研究组(在髁间窝外侧壁、原前交叉韧带足印中心方向置入克氏针)26例,对照组(在髁间窝外侧壁过顶点远端7 mm处置入克氏针)24例。自手术治疗起随访两组患者12个月。统计两组患者手术及恢复情况,比较两组患者手术前后疼痛、膝关节功能、膝关节稳定性、髌股关节退变情况,统计术后并发症。结果两组患者手术时间、扶拐下地负重时间、弃拐完全下地负重时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组与对照组患者术前、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后12个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,采用重复测量设计的方差分析,结果:①不同时间点VAS评分有差异(F=12.098,P=0.000);②研究组与对照组VAS评分无差异(F=0.895,P=0.403);③两组VAS评分变化趋势无差异(F=0.715,P=0.456)。研究组患者术前与术后12个月国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)评分、Lysholm评分的差值高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者术前与术后12个月KT1000膝关节移动度的差值、轴移试验阳性减少率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组与对照组患者术前髌股关节退变Recht分级比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者术后12个月髌股关节退变Recht分级优于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组患者术后12个月的髌股关节退变Recht分级差于术前(P<0.05)。研究组患者术前与术后12个月的髌股关节退变Recht分级比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者总并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同股骨隧道定位解剖位置的单束重建与髌股关节退变有关,在髁间窝外侧壁、原前交叉韧带足印中心方向置入克氏针的单束重建可使患者获得更佳的膝关节功能及膝关节稳定性,且术后髌股关节软骨退变程度更小。

中文学生版同胞关系问卷的效度和信度

目的:修订同胞关系问卷学生版并进行效度和信度检验。方法:选取吉林省五所中小学四年级到初二的二胎家庭学生703人,用中文学生版同胞关系问卷、长处与困难问卷(SDQ)、父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)进行测试,间隔11周后对其中213人进行重测。结果:问卷共36个条目分为温暖/亲密、冲突和争宠3个因子,累积方差贡献率为51.0%;验证性因子分析表明数据拟合良好(x^(2)/df=1.89,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.93,IFI=0.94,RMSEA=0.05);温暖/亲密、冲突、争宠得分均与效标正相关(r=0.37、0.32、0.41,均P<0.001)。3个因子的Cronbach a系数为0.95、0.87和0.84,重测信度为0.62,0.64和0.45。结论:中文学生版同胞关系问卷信效度良好,可作为我国文化背景下的学生同胞关系质量的测量工具。

去泛素化酶USP22在恶性肿瘤中多样性的作用机制

泛素特异性酶22(USP22)是哺乳动物中一种高度保守的泛素水解酶,通过对底物蛋白的去泛素化修饰阻止蛋白降解,参与调节基因转录、DNA损伤修复及胚胎发育等生命过程,已被证实调控多种途径介导肿瘤的发生发展。本文着重讨论USP22通过去泛素化修饰功能调节肿瘤发生发展的相关作用机制。

Polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis alleviate neuronal cell injury caused by oxidative stress

Angelica sinensis has antioxidative and neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we aimed to determine the neuroprotective effect of polysaccharides isolated from Angelica sinensis. In a pre-liminary experiment, Angelica sinensis polysaccharides not only protected PC12 neuronal cells from H202-induced cytotoxicity, but also reduced apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential induced by H202 treatment. In a rat model of local cerebral ischemia, we further demonstrated that Angelica sinensis poly-saccharides enhanced the antioxidant activity in cerebral cortical neurons, increased the number of microvessels, and improved blood flow after ischemia. Our findings highlight the protective role of polysaccharides isolated from Angelica sinensis against nerve cell injury and impairment caused by oxidative stress.

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Soybean Oil with CaO/Bio-Char Based Catalyst to Produce High Quality Biofuel

In this paper,CaO/bio-char was synthesized by directly co-pyrolysis of Ca(OH)_(2) and rice straw,and used as catalyst to catalytic pyrolysis of soybean oil to produce high quality biofuel.In this co-pyrolysis process,CaO particles has been successfully embedded on the bio-char surface.During the catalytic pyrolysis process,CaO/biochar showed a good catalytic performance on the deoxygenation of soybean oil.Pyrolysis temperature affected the pyrolysis reactions and pyrolytic products distributions dramatically,higher pyrolysis temperature lead to seriously cracking reactions,lower bio-oil yield and higher gases yield,and lower pyrolysis temperature lead to higher bio-oil yield with higher oxygenated compounds content and lower hydrocarbons contents,the suitable pyrolysis temperature was around 650℃.Under the optimal conditions(650℃ with WHSV at 6.4 h^(−1) and carrier gas flow rate at 100 ml/min),the selectivity(%)of hydrocarbons in the bio-oil was more than 90%.CaO/bio-char catalyst still shows good catalytic deoxygenation activity after 4 cycles.1 g of CaO/bio-char catalyst can catalyze pyrolysis of 32 g of soybean oil to produce high-quality liquid fuel.Bio-char based catalyst has been proved to be a promising catalyst for catalytic conversion of triglyceride-based lipids into high quality liquid biofuel.

In-situ monitoring of dynamic behavior of catalyst materials and reaction intermediates in semiconductor catalytic processes

Semiconductor photocatalysis, as a key part of solar energy utilization, has far-reaching implications for industrial, agricultural, and commercial development. Lack of understanding of the catalyst evolution and the reaction mechanism is a critical obstacle for designing efficient and stable photocatalysts. This review summarizes the recent progress of in-situ exploring the dynamic behavior of catalyst materials and reaction intermediates. Semiconductor photocatalytic processes and two major classes of in-situ techniques that include microscopic imaging and spectroscopic characterization are presented. Finally, problems and challenges in in-situ characterization are proposed, geared toward developing more advanced in-situ techniques and monitoring more accurate and realistic reaction processes, to guide designing advanced photocatalysts.

Clinicopathological characteristics and longterm survival of patients with synchronous multiple primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A propensity score matching analysis

BACKGROUND Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors(MGISTs)are specific and rare.Little is known about the impact of MGISTs on the survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).The diagnosis,treatment and follow-up strategies of MGISTs is not specifically described in guidelines.AIM To compare the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of MGISTs and solitary GISTs(SGISTs)METHODS Patients diagnosed with primary GISTs from March 2010 to January 2020 were included.Due to the inhomogeneous distribution of several baseline characteristics and uneven MGIST and SGIST group sizes,propensity score matching was performed according to comorbidities,body mass index,tumor location,mitotic index,sex,age and American Society of Anesthesiologists score.Differences in clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis between patients with MGISTs and patients with SGISTs were compared.RESULTS Among the entire cohort of 983 patients,the incidence of MGISTs was 4.17%.Before matching,patients with MGISTs and those with SGISTs had disparities in body mass index,surgical approach,tumor size and mitotic index.After 1:4 ratio matching,the clinical baseline data were comparable.The 5-year progression-free survival rate was 52.17%in the MGIST group and 75.00%in the SGIST group(P=0.031).On multivariate analysis,tumor location,tumor size,mitotic index,imatinib treatment and MGISTs(hazard ratio=2.431,95%confidence interval=1.097-5.386,P=0.029)were identified as independent prognostic factors of progression-free survival.However,overall survival was similar between the SGIST and MGIST groups.CONCLUSION Patients with MGISTs had poorer progression-free survival than patients with SGISTs.Risk criteria and diagnostic and treatment strategies should be developed to achieve personalized precision therapy and maximize the survival benefit.

Effect of external electric field on crystalline structure and dielectric properties of Bi_(1.5)MgNb_(1.5)O_(7) thin films

Bismuth-based cubic pyrochlore materials have attractive dielectric properties,especially dielectric tunability.The Bi_(1.5)MgNb_(1.5)O_(7) ceramic samples were prepared by solid state reaction.The XRD results and SEM pictures prove the raw material are well mixed and co-fired and the BMN cubic pyrochlore is well crystallized,no second phase was found in the result.BMN thin film were fabricated by depositing BMN ceramic nanoparticles on the sapphire.The BMN thin film has a high dielectric tunability of 43%at a bias voltage of 1.5 MV/cm,with loss tangent lower than 0.009.A Raman study of BMN cubic pyrochlore reveals O′-A-O′and O-A-O bending modes contribute to 80%of dielectric permittivity,obstructing these modes such as applying external electric field can have apparent influence on dielectric constant.Berry Phase calculation results shows that A2O′tetrahedrons are more easy to distort under an external field.The A-site Mg have the highest displacement(0.765028 A),followed by A-site Bi cations(0.346317˚A).Compared to zero-bias thin film,˚the biased one with A-O and A-O′bonds being stretched and external coulomb force applied on cations and anions,the dielectric constant under bias field dramatically decreased.

Exosomes:Promising biomarkers and targets for cancer

The review article entitled"Exosomes as potential diagnosis and treatment for liver cancer"recently published in World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022;14:334-347 concluded that exosomes can be used as effective biomarkers or therapeutic biotargets in liver cancer.Exosomes are a hot spot in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment research.We had also previously published a review on exosomes and tumors.In this letter to the editor,we summarize the clinical application prospects and current challenges of exosomes.

Sleep-associated movement disorders and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and metaanalysis

AIM:To investigate whether an association exists between sleep-associated movement disorders and cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Several studies have observed the relationship of sleep-associated movement disorders such as restless legs syndrome(RLS)and periodic limb movements during sleep with CVD,but the results were still contradictory.We performed an extensive literature search on Pub Med,Medline and Web of Science published from inception to December 2014.Additional studies were manually searched from bibliographies of retrieved studies.Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata version 12.0(Stata Corp,College Station,Texas).Pooled odds ratios(ORs)and 95%CIs were calculated to assess the strength of association using the random effects model.Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the underlying sources of heterogeneity.The publication bias was detected using Egger’s test and Begg’s test.RESULTS:A total of 781 unique citations were indentified from electronic databases and 13 articles in English were finally selected.Among these studies,nine are cohort studies;two are case-control studies;and two are cross-sectional studies.The results showed that the summary OR of CVD associated with sleepassociated movement was 1.51(95%CI:1.29-1.77)in a random-effects model.There was significant heterogeneity between individual studies(P for heterogeneity=0.005,I2=57.6%).Further analysis revealed that a large-scale cohort study may account for this heterogeneity.A significant association was also found between RLS and CVD(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.24-1.92).In a fixed-effects model,we determined a significant relationship between sleep-associatedmovement disorders and coronary artery disease(CAD)(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.16-1.54;P for heterogeneity=0.210;I2=30.0%).Our meta-analysis suggests that sleep-associated movement disorders are associated with prevalence of CVD and CAD.CONCLUSION:This finding indicates that sleep-associated movement disorders may prove to be predictive of underlying CVD.

The Analysis of Bilateral Power Supply for AC Electrified Railway

In China, the unilateral power supply has been used in AC electrified railway, which depends on the management mode of power system. For better economic and technical indexes, all-parallel AT traction system is widely used in passenger dedicated line. In this paper, the equivalent circuit model of unilateral power supply and bilateral power supply is investigated, and based on this model, the difference between unilateral power supply impedance and bilateral power supply impedance is discussed.

Nanomaterial-biological hybrid systems:Advancements in solar-driven CO_(2)-to-chemical conversion

The nanomaterial-biological hybrid system(NBHS)is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field that combines photocatalytic nanomaterials with biological systems,leveraging the superior light-harvesting capabilities of nanomaterials and the excellent selectivity of enzymes and microbes.This integration enables the conversion of solar energy into chemical products with high efficiency,attracting significant research interest from the fields of renewable energy and environmental science.Despite notable advances,the synergy mechanisms between abiotic nanomaterials and biotic enzymes/microbes remain unclear.This review outlines the latest progress in NBHS,encompassing material-enzyme hybrids and material-microbial hybrids,and explores design principles.Specifically,it examines the crucial role of electron transfer modes in enhancing the synergistic efficiency of nanomaterials and biological systems by analyzing various electron transfer mechanisms at the nanomaterial-biological interface.Drawing from existing literature,the review highlights the use of interfacial electron transfer mechanisms between coenzymes and cytochromes to elucidate nano/bio-material synergy.This fundamental understanding unveils opportunities to enhance biocompatible interfaces and electron transfer mechanisms,enabling non-photosensitive bacteria to harness solar energy for light-driven intracellular metabolism and CO_(2)bio-reduction into value-added chemicals.By offering a comprehensive overview of NBHS,this review also lays the groundwork for the development of more powerful systems aimed at achieving carbon neutrality.

Wearable and flexible electrochemical sensors for sweat analysis:a review

Flexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous,real-time,noninvasive detection of sweat analytes,provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level,and have received significant attention for their promising applications in personalized health monitoring.Electrochemical sensors are the best choice for wearable sweat sensors due to their high performance,low cost,miniaturization,and wide applicability.Recent developments in soft microfluidics,multiplexed biosensing,energy harvesting devices,and materials have advanced the compatibility of wearable electrochemical sweat-sensing platforms.In this review,we summarize the potential of sweat for medical detection and methods for sweat stimulation and collection.This paper provides an overview of the components of wearable sweat sensors and recent developments in materials and power supply technologies and highlights some typical sensing platforms for different types of analytes.Finally,the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.

A new generation M^(pro)inhibitor with potent activity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly the Omicron variant and its sublineages, continually threaten the global public health.Small molecule antivirals are an effective treatment strategy to fight against the virus. However, the first-generation antivirals eithershow limited clinical efficacy and/or have some defects in pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Moreover, with increased use of thesedrugs across the globe, they face great pressure of drug resistance. We herein present the discovery and characterization of a newgeneration antiviral drug candidate (SY110), which is a potent and selective inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). Thiscompound displayed potent in vitro antiviral activity against not only the predominant SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage BA.5, butalso other highly pathogenic human coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. In the Omicron-infected K18-hACE2mouse model, oral treatment with SY110 significantly lowered the viral burdens in lung and alleviated the virus-induced pathology.Importantly, SY110 possesses favorable PK properties with high oral drug exposure and oral bioavailability, and also an outstandingsafety profile. Furthermore, SY110 exhibited sensitivity to several drug-resistance Mpro mutations. Collectively, this investigationprovides a promising new drug candidate against Omicron and other variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Ka-band broadband filtering packaging antenna based on through-glass vias (TGVs)

This work presents a novel design of Ka-band(33 GHz)filtering packaging antenna(FPA)that features broadband and great filtering response,and is based on glass packaging material and through-glass via(TGV)technologies.Compared to traditional packaging materials(printed circuit board,low temperature co-fired ceramic,Si,etc.),TGVs are more suitable for miniaturization(millimeter-wave three-dimensional(3D)packaging devices)and have superior microwave performance.Glass substrate can realize 3D high-density interconnection through bonding technology,while the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)matches that of silicon.Furthermore,the stacking of glass substrate enables high-density interconnections and is compatible with micro-electro-mechanical system technology.The proposed antenna radiation patch is composed of a patch antenna and a bandpass filter(BPF)whose reflection coefficients are almost complementary.The BPF unit has three pairs ofλg/4 slots(defect microstrip structure,DMS)and twoλg/2 U-shaped slots(defect ground structure,DGS).The proposed antenna achieves large bandwidth and high radiation efficiency,which may be related to the stacking of glass substrate and TGV feed.In addition,the introduction of four radiation nulls can effectively improve the suppression level in the stopband.To demonstrate the performance of the proposed design,a 33-GHz broadband filtering antenna is optimized,debugged,and measured.The antenna could achieve|S11|<-10 dB in 29.4‒36.4 GHz,and yield an impedance matching bandwidth up to 21.2%,with the stopband suppression level at higher than 16.5 dB.The measurement results of the proposed antenna are a realized gain of~6.5 dBi and radiation efficiency of~89%.

外泌体在肿瘤微环境中调控肿瘤转移机制的研究进展

外泌体是具有双层膜结构的细胞外囊泡,其直径在40~160nm之间。在生理或病理条件下,大多数细胞都可以释放外泌体到微环境中,肿瘤微环境中的细胞和肿瘤细胞本身都可以分泌大量的外泌体。外泌体通过携带蛋白质、脂质和核酸等物质,在细胞间进行物质交换和信息交流从而促进肿瘤转移。肿瘤微环境是由肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞、成纤维细胞及细胞外基质等共同构成的内环境,在恶性肿瘤的发生、侵袭转移及治疗耐药等过程中发挥重要的作用。全文主要从肿瘤微环境的生物学特征出发探索肿瘤微环境与外泌体的相互作用,以及增强肿瘤细胞侵袭转移能力的机制予以综述。

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,2,4-triazole containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivatives

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazoles containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, 1H NMR, and elemental analysis and ESI-MS or HRMS. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited very good insecticidal activity against Aphis laburni at 100 μg/mL, with mortality no less than 95%. Compounds 6a, 6c, 6f, 61 showed higher curative activity against TMV and compound 6h showed a higher induction effects against TMV in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Collectively, our data demonstrate a new strategy for control of insects and viruses.

Synthesis of tetrazole containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivatives via U-4CR and their anti-TMV activity

A series of novel tetrazole containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized via Ugi reaction. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, 1H NMR, and HRMS （ESI）. Preliminary bioassay indicated that most target compounds exhibited very good direct anti-TMV activity at 100 μg/mL, which was equal to or higher than that of ribavirin. Among them, compounds 4b, 4c and 4i also showed equivalent protection effect to ribavirin in vivo at 100 μg/mL.

Self-assembled multifunctional Fe_(3)O_(4) hierarchical microspheres: high-efficiency lithium-ion battery materials and hydrogenation catalysts

Self-assembled Fe_(3)O_(4)hierarchical microspheres(HMSs) were prepared by a one-pot synchronous reduction–self-assembling (SRSA) hydrothermal method.In this simple and inexpensive synthetic process,only glycerol,water,and a single iron source (potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]))were employed as reactants without additional reductants,surfactants,or additives.The iron source,K3[Fe(CN)6],and glycerol significantly affected the synthesis of Fe_(3)O_(4)HMSs.Fe_(3)O_(4)HMSs with a self-assembled spherical shape readily functioned as high-performance anode materials for lithiumion batteries with a specific capacity of>1000 mA h g^(-1)at0.5 A g^(-1)after 270 cycles.Further charging and discharging results revealed that Fe_(3)O_(4)HMSs displayed good reversible performance (>1000 mA h g^(-1)) and cycling stability (700 cycles) at 0.5 A g^(-1).Furthermore,as multifunctional materials,the as-obtained Fe_(3)O_(4)HMSs also exhibited high saturation magnetization (99.5 emu g^(-1)) at room temperature (25°C) and could be further employed as efficient and magnetically recyclable catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitro compounds.