Marker Ki-67 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer based on two cohorts

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer(PCa)is a widespread malignancy,predominantly affecting elderly males,and current methods for diagnosis and treatment of this disease continue to fall short.The marker Ki-67(MKI67)has been previously demonstrated to correlate with the proliferation and metastasis of various cancer cells,including those of PCa.Hence,verifying the association between MKI67 and the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa,using bioinformatics databases and clinical data analysis,carries significant clinical implications.AIM To explore the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of antigens identified by MKI67 expression in PCa.METHODS For cohort 1,the efficacy of MKI67 diagnosis was evaluated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx)databases.For cohort 2,the diagnostic and prognostic power of MKI67 expression was further validated using data from 271 patients with clinical PCa.RESULTS In cohort 1,MKI67 expression was correlated with prostate-specific antigen(PSA),Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed a strong diagnostic ability,and the Kaplan-Meier method demonstrated that MKI67 expression was negatively associated with the progression-free interval(PFI).The time-ROC curve displayed a weak prognostic capability for MKI67 expression in PCa.In cohort 2,MKI67 expression was significantly related to the Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage;however,it was negatively associated with the PFI.The time-ROC curve revealed the stronger prognostic capability of MKI67 in patients with PCa.Multivariate COX regression analysis was performed to select risk factors,including PSA level,N stage,and MKI67 expression.A nomogram was established to predict the 3-year PFI.CONCLUSION MKI67 expression was positively associated with the Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage and showed a strong diagnostic and prognostic ability in PCa.

Application of artificial hibernation technology in acute brain injury

Controlling intracranial pressure,nerve cell regeneration,and microenvironment regulation are the key issues in reducing mortality and disability in acute brain injury.There is currently a lack of effective treatment methods.Hibernation has the characteristics of low temperature,low metabolism,and hibernation rhythm,as well as protective effects on the nervous,cardiovascular,and motor systems.Artificial hibernation technology is a new technology that can effectively treat acute brain injury by altering the body’s metabolism,lowering the body’s core temperature,and allowing the body to enter a state similar to hibernation.This review introduces artificial hibernation technology,including mild hypothermia treatment technology,central nervous system regulation technology,and artificial hibernation-inducer technology.Upon summarizing the relevant research on artificial hibernation technology in acute brain injury,the research results show that artificial hibernation technology has neuroprotective,anti-inflammatory,and oxidative stress-resistance effects,indicating that it has therapeutic significance in acute brain injury.Furthermore,artificial hibernation technology can alleviate the damage of ischemic stroke,traumatic brain injury,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction,and other diseases,providing new strategies for treating acute brain injury.However,artificial hibernation technology is currently in its infancy and has some complications,such as electrolyte imbalance and coagulation disorders,which limit its use.Further research is needed for its clinical application.

A theoretical study of the signal enhancement mechanism of coaxial DP-LIBS

In the field of dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(DP-LIBS)research,the pursuit of methods for determining pulse intervals and other parameters quickly and conveniently in order to achieve optimal spectral signal enhancement is paramount.To aid researchers in identification of optimal signal enhancement conditions and more accurate interpretation of the underlying signal enhancement mechanisms,theoretical simulations of the spatiotemporal processes of coaxial DP-LIBS-induced plasma have been established in this work.Using a model based on laser ablation and two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics,plasma evolutions during aluminum–magnesium alloy laser ablation under single-pulse and coaxial dualpulse excitations have been simulated.The influences of factors,such as delay time,laser fluence,plasma temperature,and particle number density,on the DP-LIBS spectral signals are investigated.Under pulse intervals ranging from 50 to 1500 ns,the time evolutions of spectral line intensity,dual-pulse emission enhancement relative to the single-pulse results,laser irradiance,spatial distribution of plasma temperature and species number density,as well as laser irradiance shielded by plasma have been obtained.The study indicates that the main reason behind the radiation signal enhancement in coaxial DP-LIBS-induced plasma is attributed to the increased species number density and plasma temperature caused by the second laser,and it is inferred that the shielding effect of the plasma mainly occurs in the boundary layer of the stagnation point flow over the target surface.This research provides a theoretical basis for experimental research,parameter optimization,and signal enhancement tracing in DP-LIBS.

Correction to:Marker Ki-67 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer based on two cohorts

This is an erratum to the published paper titled“Marker Ki-67 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer based on two cohorts”.We have discovered that Reference 4 was cited incorrectly.We sincerely apologize for this inadvertent error.Please note that these corrections do not impact our results.

Novel concepts of mechanical technology for gas recovery from marine hydrate reservoir

According to the characteristics of marine natural gas hydrate,China has proposed the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology or natural gas hydrate,with subsea exploitation being key to the commercial recovery of gas.In this paper,two new integrated tools are proposed for breaking and collecting natural gas hydrate,and their working principles and steps are illustrated.Finite element analysis,three-dimensional modeling,and simulations were conducted for both exploitation tools to verify their technological feasibility.The results show that the two exploitation tools can effectively improve the efficiency of hydrate exploitation and ensure the stability of the hydrate reservoir.This provides a reference for further research on the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology of marine gas hydrates.

Injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cordderived mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage:phase Ⅰ clinical trial

Animal expe riments have shown that injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote recovery from spinal cord injury.To investigate whether injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be used to treat spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage,this non-randomized phase I clinical trial recruited patients who met the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion crite ria of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage treated in the Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force from May 2016 to December 2020.Patients were divided into three groups according to the clinical situation and patient benefit:control(n=18),human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(n=4),and combination(n=8).The control group did not receive any transplantation.The human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells group received human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.The combination group received injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells.Patients who received injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells had more remarkable improvements in activities of daily living and cognitive function and smaller foci of intra cerebral hemorrhage-related encephalomalacia.Severe adve rse events associated with cell transplantation were not observed.Injectable collagen scaffold with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells appears to have great potential treating spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Big Data Creates New Opportunities for Materials Research: A Review on Methods and Applications of Machine Learning for Materials Design

Materials development has historically been driven by human needs and desires, and this is likely to con- tinue in the foreseeable future. The global population is expected to reach ten billion by 2050, which will promote increasingly large demands for clean and high-ef ciency energy, personalized consumer prod- ucts, secure food supplies, and professional healthcare. New functional materials that are made and tai- lored for targeted properties or behaviors will be the key to tackling this challenge. Traditionally, advanced materials are found empirically or through experimental trial-and-error approaches. As big data generated by modern experimental and computational techniques is becoming more readily avail- able, data-driven or machine learning (ML) methods have opened new paradigms for the discovery and rational design of materials. In this review article, we provide a brief introduction on various ML methods and related software or tools. Main ideas and basic procedures for employing ML approaches in materials research are highlighted. We then summarize recent important applications of ML for the large-scale screening and optimal design of polymer and porous materials, catalytic materials, and energetic mate- rials. Finally, concluding remarks and an outlook are provided.

Preparation of dense Ta-LLZO/MgO composite Li-ion solid electrolyte:Sintering, microstructure, performance and the role of MgO

Cubic phase Li7La3Zr2O12(LLZO),a member of the Li–Garnet family,is a promising solid electrolyte and has been widely studied in recent years.However,LLZO samples prepared via conventional ambient air sintering reported in the published literature often contain large grains with lower than desired(<94%)relative density.In this study,a non-contact method of co-firing with mother powder method is proposed to prepare high-quality Ta-doped LLZO–MgO composite ceramics.By sintering at 1150℃for 5 h,the ceramics can reach relative density of 98.2%,conductivity of 5.17×10^-4 S cm^-1 at 25℃and fracture strength of 150 MPa.The sintered samples have uniform fine-grained microstructure and high critical current densities of 0.75–0.95 mA cm-2 at room temperature in Li–Li symmetry cell with Au modification.In addition,systematic sintering experiments and characterizations are conducted to explore the function of MgO in inhibiting the Ta-LLZO grain growth and its existing form inside the composite ceramics.

Computer-aided ionic liquid design for alkane/cycloalkane extractive distillation process

A computer-aided ionic liquid design(CAILD) study is presented for the frequently encountered alkane/cycloalkane separations in petrochemical industry. Exhaustive experimental data are first collected to extend the UNIFAC-IL model for this system, where the proximity effect in alkanes and cycloalkanes is considered specifically by defining distinct groups. The thermodynamic performances of a large number of ILs for 4 different alkane/cycloalkane systems are then compared to select a representative example of such separations. By applying n-heptane/methylcyclohexane extractive distillation as a case study, the CAILD task is cast as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem based on the obtained task-specific UNIFAC-IL model and two semi-empirical models for IL physical properties. The top 5 IL candidates determined by solving the MINLP problem are subsequently introduced into Aspen Plus for process simulation and economic analysis, which finally identify 1-hexadecyl-methylpiperidinium tricyanomethane([C_(16)MPip][C(CN)_3]) as the best entrainer for this separation.

Expression and regulation of microRNA-29a and microRNA-29c in early diabetic rat cataract formation

AIM： To determine the role of microRNA （miRNA）-29a and miRNA-29c in the regulation of apoptosis in early rat diabetic cataract formation.METHODS： Streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were used in the study. The expression level of miRNA-29a, miRNA-29c, and BCL2-modifying factor （BMF） in lens epithelial cells （LECs） samples were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Prediction algorithms of miRanda, TargetScan 6.2, and mirRDB to perform a miRNA gene network analysis were used for the potential miRNA-29a and miRNA-29c targets. RESULTS： The miRNA-29a and miRNA-29c expression levels were all significantly lower in the control group compared to the 2 and 4wk diabetic samples （P〈0.01）. The network analysis indicated that one miRNA-29a and miRNA-29c targets was BMF. There was significantly higher expression of BMF mRNA compared to the normal controls （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： Apoptosis occurs in rat LECs following high blood glucose exposure. It is likely that apoptosis during diabetic cataract formation involves the decreased expression of miRNA-29a and miRNA-29c and the increased expression of BMF.

Evaluation of COSMO-RS for solid–liquid equilibria prediction of binary eutectic solvent systems

For the design of eutectic solvents(ESs,usually also known as deep eutectic solvents),the prediction of the solid–liquid equilibria(SLE)between candidate components is of primary relevance.In the present work,the SLE prediction of binary eutectic solvent systems by the COSMO-RS model is systematically evaluated,thereby examining the applicability of this method for ES design.Experimental SLE of such systems are first collected exhaustively from the literature,following which COSMO-RS SLE calculations are accordingly carried out.By comparing the experimental and predicted eutectic points(eutectic temperature and eutectic composition)of the involved systems,the effects of salt component conformer and COSMO-RS parameterization as well as the applicability for different types of components(specifically the second component paired with the first salt one)are identified.The distinct performances of COSMO-RS SLE prediction for systems involving different types of components are further interpreted from the non-ideality and fusion enthalpy point of view.

Resilient Control in Large-Scale Networked Cyber-Physical Systems: Guest Editorial

RECENT advances in sensing,communication and computing have open the door to the deployment of largescale networks of sensors and actuators that allow fine-grain monitoring and control of a multitude of physical processes and infrastructures.The appellation used by field experts for these paradigms is Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)because the dynamics among computers,networking media/resources and physical systems interact in a way that multi-disciplinary technologies(embedded systems,computers,communications and controls)are required to accomplish prescribed missions.Moreover,they are expected to play a significant role in the design and development of future engineering applications such as smart grids,transportation systems,nuclear plants and smart factories.

Novel Cr^(3+)-activated far-red emitting phosphors withβ-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)-type structure for indoor plant cultivation

Cr^(3+)-activated far-red and near-infrared phosphors have drawn considerable attention owing to their adjustable emission wavelengths and wide applications.Herein,we reported a series of Cr^(3+)-doped phosphors withβ-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)-type structure,of which Ca_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7):Cr^(3+) possessed the highest far-red emission intensity.At an excitation of 440 nm,the Ca_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7):Cr^(3+) phosphors exhibited a broad emission band ranging from 650 to 850 nm and peaking at 735 nm,and the broadband superimposed two sharp lines centering at 690 and 698 nm.The optimal sample Ca_(9)Ga_(0.97)(PO_(4))_(7):0.03 Cr^(3+) had an internal quantum efficiency of 55.7%.The luminescence intensity of the Ca_(9)Ga_(0.97)(PO_(4))_(7):0.03 Cr^(3+) phosphor obtained at 423 K could maintain 68.5%of that at room temperature,demonstrating its outstanding luminescence thermal stability.A phosphor-conversion light-emitting diode was fabricated,indicating that the Ca_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7):Cr^(3+) phosphor has potential applications in indoor plant cultivation.

Effect of water on extractive desulfurization of fuel oils using ionic liquids： A COSMO-RS and experimental study

When evaluating ionic liquids （ILs） for extractive desulfurization （EDS） of fuel oils, the inevitable presence of water in the system may have a significant and in many cases strongly negative effect. However, few studies have considered this particular issue and a promoted water effect on EDS is scarcely reported. In this work, COSMO-RS was firstly employed to calculate the capacity and selectivity for EDS of various IL/H20 mixtures, which cover different IL characters and a wide water concentration range. Experiments were then conducted with a representative IL [C4MIM]IH2P04], whose stable and even promoted extraction performance with a small amount of water was suggested by COSMO-RS. Through analyses of the desulfurization ratio, the cross- solubility and the water content in the desulfurized fuel, the promoted effect of water within a certain range （〈 10 wt%） was experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, such effect of water was explained combining the viscosity, the solvent-solute interactions and the COSMO-RS based analysis.

A systematic COSMO-RS study on mutual solubility of ionic liquids and C6-hydrocarbons

When considering the usage of ionic liquids(ILs)for reactions and separations involving non-polar or weak-polar hydrocarbons,the knowledge of the mutual solubility behaviors of ILs and hydrocarbons is of the utmost importance.In this work,taking four typical C6-hydrocarbons namely benzene,cyclohexene,cyclohexane,and hexane as representatives,the mutual solubility of ILs and non-polar or weak-polar hydrocarbons are systematically studied based on the COSMO-RS model.The reliability of COSMO-RS for these systems is first evaluated by comparing experimental and predicted hydrocarbon-in-IL activity coefficient at infinite dilution and binary/ternary liquid-liquid equilibria of related systems.Then,the mutual solubility of the four hydrocarbons and13,650 ILs(composed by 210 cations and 65 anions)are predicted.The effect of different IL structural characteristics including alkyl chain length,cation family/symmetry/functional group,and anion on the IL-hydrocarbon mutual solubility behaviors are further analyzed by the analyses of interaction energy and screen charge distribution.The mutual solubility databases and the structural effects identified thereon could provide useful guidance for IL selection in related applications.

Efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenia:a prospective,single arm,phase I trial

Patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)frequently encounter substantial bleeding risks and demonstrate limited responsiveness to existing therapies.Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)present a promising alternative,capitalizing on their low immunogenicity and potent immunomodulatory effects for treating diverse autoimmune disorders.This prospective phase I trial enrolled eighteen eligible patients to explore the safety and efficacy of UC-MSCs in treating refractory ITP.The research design included administering UC-MSCs at escalating doses of 0.5×10^(6)cells/kg,1.0×10^(6)cells/kg,and 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for four consecutive weeks across three cohorts during the dose-escalation phase,followed by a dose of 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for the dose-expansion phase.Adverse events,platelet counts,and changes in peripheral blood immunity were monitored and recorded throughout the administration and follow-up period.Ultimately,12(with an addition of three patients in the 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg group due to dose-limiting toxicity)and six patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase,respectively.Thirteen patients(13/18,72.2%)experienced one or more treatment emergent adverse events.Serious adverse events occurred in four patients(4/18,22.2%),including gastrointestinal hemorrhage(2/4),profuse menstruation(1/4),and acute myocardial infarction(1/4).The response rates were 41.7%in the dose-escalation phase(5/12,two received 1.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week,and three received 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week)and 50.0%(3/6)in the dose-expansion phase.The overall response rate was 44.4%(8/18)among all enrolled patients.To sum up,UC-MSCs are effective and well tolerated in treating refractory ITP(ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT04014166).

孕19~23周^(+6)正常胎儿羊水γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平及其随孕周的变化

目的探讨孕19~23周^(+6)正常胎儿羊水γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-glutamyl transferase,GGT)水平及其随孕周的变化。方法回顾性收集2021年1月至2022年9月于山东大学齐鲁医院行羊膜腔穿刺产前诊断但遗传学诊断结果正常的383例(孕19~19+6、20~20+6、21~21+6、22~22+6、23~23周^(+6)分别为102、103、82、68和28例)单胎妊娠孕妇的羊水上清液,测定GGT水平。计算各孕周羊水GGT值的x¯±s、min~max、M、P_(1)、P_(2.5)、P_(5)、P_(95)、P_(97.5)和P_(99)。GGT为非正态分布数据,转换为自然对数(lnGGT),采用最小二乘线性回归分析lnGGT与孕周的线性关系。结果孕19~19+6、20~20+6、21~21+6、22~22+6、23~23周^(+6)羊水GGT水平的x¯±s分别为(385.8±235.7)、(331.8±219.4)、(253.7±197.9)、(226.7±166.4)和(155.3±96.8)U/L,每周下降14.0%、23.5%、10.6%和31.5%;M分别为311.0、288.0、199.0、160.5及105.5 U/L,每周下降7.4%、30.9%、19.3%及34.3%;P_(1)~P_(99)分别为67.1~1404.5、63.2~1189.1、36.0~849.8、44.0~787.3及32.0~375.6 U/L。lnGGT与孕周呈负相关(R^(2)=0.148,P<0.001)。结论孕19~23周^(+6)正常胎儿羊水GGT水平随孕周增加而降低,未来建立正常胎儿羊水GGT正常参考值范围时需要考虑孕周的影响。

Ultralow fouling electrochemical detection of uric acid directly in serum based on phase-transited bovine serum albumin and conducting polymer

Electrochemistry with antifouling sensing interfaces that effectively resist the adsorption of nonspecific biomolecules provides a powerful mean for the accurate and sensitive detection of disease biomarkers tive dete in complex biofluids.However.there are few strategies to acquire a stable and solid antifouling coat-ing on any substrate by a simple way.Herein,a simple one-step assembly methød has been adopted to construct phase-transited bovine serum albumin(PTB)antifouling Layers.Prior to construction of the an-tifouling layers.the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)doped with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide(ionic liquid,IL)were firstly electrodeposited on bare electrodes,en-dowing good conductiviry and catalytic capability for the developed sensor.Subsequently.with the assist of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine(TCEP)the disulfide bonds of bovine serum albumin(BSA)were re-Im alb duced to form PTB,which can be coated on the PEDOT-It modified electrode to construct an antifouling electrochemical senor(PTB/PEDOT-ILCCE)for the detection of uric acid(UA)in human serum.The UA sensor demonstrated a good linear range from 1.11 umol/L to 798.9 umol/L with a high sensltivity of0,556 jA umolL^(-1)cm^(-2).The combination of conducting polymers with one-step assembly of PTB offers a universal and rellable method før the modification of various electrodes to determine target molecules in complex human body fluids.

Intervalence charge transfer of Cr^(3+)-Cr^(3+) aggregation for NIR-Ⅱ luminescence

The increasing demand for high-contrast biological imaging,non-destructive testing,and infrared night vision can be addressed by the development of high-performance NIR light-emitting materials.Unlike lanthanide(Ln^(3+))with sharp-line multiplets and isolated Cr^(3+)with NIR-I emission,this study reports the first-ever NIR-Ⅱ broadband luminescence based on the intervalence charge transfer(IVCT)of Cr^(3+)-Cr^(3+)aggregation in gallate magentoplumbite.In particular,LaMgGa11O19:0.7Cr^(3+)exhibits dual-emission(NIR-I,890 nm and NIR-Ⅱ,1200 nm)with a full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 626 nm under 450 nm blue LED excitation.Moreover,this dual-emission exhibits anti-thermal quenching behavior(432%@290 K),attributed to the energy transfer among multiple Cr^(3+)centers.Cryogen absorption spectra,lifetimes decay(2.3 ms),and electron paramagnetic experiments reveal the NIR-Ⅱ luminescence of the Cr^(3+)-Cr^(3+)→Cr^(2+)-Cr^(4+)IVCT transition.The application of LaMgGa_(11)O_(19)∶0.7Cr^(3+)in NIR-Ⅱ biological imaging as an optical contrast agent,non-destructive testing,and night vision is demonstrated.This work provides new insights into broadband NIR-Ⅱ luminescence under UV-NIR excitation based on the IVCT of Cr^(3+)-Cr^(3+)aggregation.