Impact of Exercise Atmosphere on Adolescents’Exercise Behavior:Chain Mediating Effect of Exercise Identity and Exercise Habit

Appropriate physical exercise has a positive impact on adolescents’physical and mental health,but there is a serious lack of physical exercise among Chinese adolescents.How to shape their exercise behavior(EB)has become an important task in promoting their development.A questionnaire survey was conducted using stratified cluster random sampling on three middle schools by class in Zhejiang Province,China to investigate the impact of exercise atmosphere(EA)on adolescents’exercise behavior and the mediating role of exercise identity(EI)and exercise habit(EH).806 adolescents were investigated by the Exercise Atmosphere Scale(EAS),Exercise-Identity Scale(EIS),Self-Report Habit Index(SRHI),and Physical Activity Rating Scale(PARS-3).The results show that:There is a significant positive correlation between each two of exercise atmosphere,exercise identity,exercise habit,and exercise behavior(p<0.05).Exercise atmosphere could not only directly affect adolescents’physical exercise behavior but can also indirectly affect their physical exercise behavior through the mediating effect of exercise identity and exercise habit,involving three mediating pathways,namely,the mediating path through exercise identity,the mediating pathway through exercise habit and the chain mediating pathway through exercise identity and exercise habit.The direct effect of exercise atmosphere on exercise behavior was 0.459(p<0.01),accounting for 62.62% of the total effect of 0.733,and its indirect effect was 0.274,accounting for 37.28% of the total effect.To a certain extent,the mediating effect model reveals the mechanism of exercise atmosphere affecting exercise behavior and has a certain reference value for promoting adolescents’exercise behavior.We should start by creating an exercise atmosphere,cultivating exercise identity,and enhancing exercise habits to help teenagers form active physical exercise behaviors.

Rational Design of Electrode–Electrolyte Interphase and Electrolytes for Rechargeable Proton Batteries

Rechargeable proton batteries have been regarded as a promising technology for next-generation energy storage devices,due to the smallest size,lightest weight,ultrafast diffusion kinetics and negligible cost of proton as charge carriers.Nevertheless,a proton battery possessing both high energy and power density is yet achieved.In addition,poor cycling stability is another major challenge making the lifespan of proton batteries unsatisfactory.These issues have motivated extensive research into electrode materials.Nonetheless,the design of electrode–electrolyte interphase and electrolytes is underdeveloped for solving the challenges.In this review,we summarize the development of interphase and electrolytes for proton batteries and elaborate on their importance in enhancing the energy density,power density and battery lifespan.The fundamental understanding of interphase is reviewed with respect to the desolvation process,interfacial reaction kinetics,solvent-electrode interactions,and analysis techniques.We categorize the currently used electrolytes according to their physicochemical properties and analyze their electrochemical potential window,solvent(e.g.,water)activities,ionic conductivity,thermal stability,and safety.Finally,we offer our views on the challenges and opportunities toward the future research for both interphase and electrolytes for achieving high-performance proton batteries for energy storage.

Protective effect of penehvclidine hvdrochloride on ischemiareperfusion injury in rats

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of penehvclidine hvdrochloride on ischemiareperfusion injury in rats.Method:The model of ischemia-reperniston injury was established in rats through clamping rental pedicles for SO min followed by reperfusion.A total of 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided.into 4 groups including fake surgery group,model group,low PHC dosage group and high dosage penehvclidine hvdrochloride(PHC)group.Seven days before the experiment,rats in fake surgery group and model group were given 10 mL/kg normal saline,while rats in low PHC dosage group and high dosage PHC group were given 200 and SO mg/kg PHC,respectively.The urine volume,diet volume,Cre,PU,BUN,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,NO MDA concentration,SOD and GSH-Px were determined.Results:Compared with rats in model group,decreased urine volume,diet volume,Cre,PU,BUN,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,NO MDA concentration and increased SOD and CSH-Px activity could be seen in low PHC dosage group and high dosage PHC group(P【0.05).Conclusions:Administration of PHC before ischemia-reperfusion injury can help protect ischemia-reperfusion injury.

How to Improve Tea Farmers' Livelihoods in the Sightseeing Place along Lijiang River Valley?

The unbalance of tourism development and comparative superiority of the tea industry brings new opportunities to the poor groups along Lijiang River Valley for improving their livelihoods. From the perspective of sustainable livelihoods,we analyze the problems in tea farmers' livelihoods,such as lack of fund,low capacity in price negotiation,and high cost of resisting various risks. Recommendations are put forward for tea farmers to improve their livelihoods through ways of enterprise cooperation,innovative marketing,brand cultivation,industrial integration and so on.

Proxitome profiling reveals a conserved SGT1- NSL1 signaling module that activates NLRmediated immunity

Suppressor of G2 allele of skp1(SGT1)is a highly conserved eukaryotic protein that plays a vital role in growth,development,and immunity in both animals and plants.Although some SGT1 interactors have been identified,the molecular regulatory network of SGT1 remains unclear.SGT1 serves as a co-chaperone to stabilize protein complexes such as the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)class of immune receptors,thereby positively regulating plant immunity.SGT1 has also been found to be asso-ciated with the SKP1-Cullin-F-box(SCF)E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.However,whether SGT1 targets im-mune repressors to coordinate plant immune activation remains elusive.In this study,we constructed a toolbox for TurbolD-and split-TurbolD-based proximity labeling(PL)assays in Nicotiana benthamiana and used the PL toolbox to explore the SGT1 interactome during pre-and post-immune activation.The comprehensive SGT1 interactome network we identified highlights a dynamic shift from proteins associ-ated with plant development to those linked with plant immune responses.We found that SGT1 interacts with Necrotic Spotted Lesion1(NSL1),which negatively regulates salicylic acid-mediated defenseby inter-fering with the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1(NPR1)during N NLR-mediated response to tobacco mosaic virus.SGT1 promotes the SCF-dependent degrada-tion of NSL1 to facilitate immune activation,while salicylate-induced protein kinase-mediated phosphory-lation of SGT1further potentiates this process.Besides NNLR,NSL1also functions in several other NLR-mediated immunity.Collectively,our study unveils the regulatory landscape of SGT1 and reveals a novel SGT1-NSL1 signaling module that orchestrates plant innate immunity.

Energy storage optimization of ferroelectric ceramics during phase-transition process of amorphous/nanocrystalline and polycrystalline by using a phaseffeld model for dielectric breakdown

Ferroelectric ceramics have the potential to be widely applied in the modern industry and military power systems due to their ultrafast charging/discharging speed and high energy density.Considering the structural design and electrical properties of ferroelectric capacitor,it is still a challenge to ffnd out the optimal energy storage of ferroelectric ceramics during the phase-transition process of amorphous/nanocrystalline and polycrystalline.In this work,a ffnite element model suitable for the multiphase ceramic system is constructed based on the phase ffeld breakdown theory.The nonlinear coupling relationship of multiple physical ffelds between multiphase ceramics was taken into account in this model.The basic structures of multiphase ceramics are generated by using the Voronoi diagram construction method.The speciffed structure of multiphase ceramics in the phase-transition process of amorphous/nanocrystalline and polycrystalline was further obtained through the grain boundary diffusion equation.The simulation results show that the multiphase ceramics have an optimal energy storage in the process of amorphous polycrystalline transformation,and the energy storage density reaches the maximum when the crystallinity is 13.96%and the volume fraction of grain is 2.08%.It provides a research plan and idea for revealing the correlation between microstructure and breakdown characteristics of multiphase ceramics.This simulation model realizes the nonlinear coupling of the multiphase ceramic mesoscopic structure and the phase ffeld breakdown.It provides a reference scheme for the structural design and performance optimization of ferroelectric ceramics.

Electrospun polyporous VN nanofibers for symmetric all-solid-state supercapacitors

To promote the energy density of symmetric all-solid-state supercapacitors(SCs),efforts have been dedicated to searching for high-performance electrode materials recently. In this paper,vanadium nitride(VN) nanofibers with mesoporous structure have been fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. Their crystal structures and morphology features were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy. The mesoporous structure of VN nanofibers,which can provide short electrolyte diffusion routes and conducting electron transport pathways,is beneficial to their performance as a supercapacitor electrode. Under a stable electrochemical window of 1.0 V,VN nanofibers possess an excellent mass specific capacitance of 110.8 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. Moreover,the VN nanofibers were further assembled into symmetric all-solid-state SCs,achieving a high energy density of 0.89 mW·h/cm^3 and a high power density of 0.016 W/cm^3 over an operating potential range from 0 to 1.0 V. These results demonstrate that VN nanofibers could be potentially used for energy storage devices.

WheatCENet:A Database for Comparative Co-expression Network Analysis of Allohexaploid Wheat and Its Progenitors

Genetic and epigenetic changes after polyploidization events could result in variable gene expression and modified regulatory networks.Here,using large-scale transcriptome data,we constructed co-expression networks for diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid wheat species,and built a platform for comparing co-expression networks of allohexaploid wheat and its progenitors,named WheatCENet.WheatCENet is a platform for searching and comparing specific functional coexpression networks,as well as identifying the related functions of the genes clustered therein.Functional annotations like pathways,gene families,protein-protein interactions,microRNAs(miRNAs),and several lines of epigenome data are integrated into this platform,and Gene Ontology(GO)annotation,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA),motif identification,and other useful tools are also included.Using WheatCENet,we found that the network of WHEAT ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION I(WAPOI)has more co-expressed genes related to spike development in hexaploid wheat than its progenitors.We also found a novel motif of CCWWWWWWGG(CArG)specifically in the promoter region of WAPO-Al,suggesting that neofunctionalization of the WAPO-AI gene affects spikelet development in hexaploid wheat.WheatCENet is useful for investigating co-expression networks and conducting other analyses,and thus facilitates comparative and functional genomic studies in wheat.

Self-healing effect based on electrolyte/dielectric co-existence characteristic of sol-gel-derived aluminum oxide thin film

Dielectric capacitors are receiving increasing attention due to the high-power density and fast charge-discharge speed.However,defects are inevitably induced during the preparation process and then weaken the breakdown strength,thereby limiting their energy density.The phenomenon gives rise to self-healing technology.The discovery of sol-gel-derived aluminum oxide with electrolysis and dielectric dual-characteristic provides a novel,simple and cost-effective self-healing method to heal defects and enhance energy density.In this paper,we systematically reviewed the current self-healing technologies and the important progress of electrolysis and dielectric co-existence dielectrics.Finally,we outlook the electrolysis and dielectric co-existence dielectrics and potential challenge.

基于等效电路法的变三角截面驰振压电能量收集研究

随着能源危机的逐渐加剧,人们对压电俘能器研究的投入也与日俱增,目前常见的研究压电俘能器的模拟方法只能研究其接入简单的单一电阻负载电路时的性能,且不能解决压电俘能器的高强度直流电路耦合问题.因此,论文借助二阶范德波尔控制方程将压电俘能器的主要部件等效为电子元件,进而基于等效电路法建立了与变三角截面驰振压电振动俘能器相对应的等效电路模型.借助风洞实验验证了所建立的等效电路模型的准确性.采用该模型研究了外接电路,钝体顶角,外接电阻和来流速度对变三角截面驰振压电俘能器输出电压,输出功率和响应位移的影响,结果表明,随着电阻的增大,输出电压逐渐增大且增长率逐渐减小.交直流电路的最佳负载分别为1.05 MΩ和1.4 MΩ,当风速为7.03 m/s,钝体顶角为90°时,交直流电路输出电压和输出功率的峰值分别为41.34 V,0.974 mW和50.8 V,0.616 mW.随着钝体顶角的增大,输出电压,输出功率和响应位移均逐渐增大且增大的速度逐渐减小.等效电路模型可以高效,准确地对不同结构参数下和外界电路下的压电振动俘能器的输出功率,输出电压,响应位移及其影响因素进行研究,所提出的等效电路模型于加快对压电振动俘能器的研究与推广应用具有一定意义.

Microarray-Assisted Fine-Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Cold Tolerance in Rice

Many important agronomic traits, including cold stress resistance, are complex and controlled by quantitative trait loci （QTLs）. Isolation of these QTLs will greatly benefit the agricultural industry but it is a challenging task. This study explored an integrated strategy by combining microarray with QTL-mapping in order to identify cold-tolerant QTLs from a cold-tolerant variety ILl12 at early-seedling stage. All the early seedlings of IL112 survived normally for 9 d at 4-5℃, while Guichao2 （GC2）, an indica cultivar, died after 4 d under the same conditions. Using the F2-3 population derived from the progeny of GC2 and ILl12, we identified seven QTLs for cold tolerance. Furthermore, we performed Affymetrix rice whole-genome array hybridization and obtained the expression profiles of ILl12 and GC2 under both low-temperature and normal conditions. Four genes were selected as cold QTL-related candidates, based on microarray data mining and QTL-mapping. One candidate gene, LOC_Os07g22494, was shown to be highly associated with cold tolerance in a number of rice varieties and in the F2-3 population, and its overexpression transgenic rice plants displayed strong tolerance to low temperature at early-seedling stage. The results indicated that overexpression of this gene （LOC_Os07g22494） could increase cold tolerance in rice seedlings. Therefore, this study provides a promising strategy for identifying candidate genes in defined QTL regions.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Histone Modifications： H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9ac, and H3K27ac in Oryza sativa L. Japonica

While previous studies have shown that histone modifications could influence plant growth and devel- opment by regulating gene transcription, knowledge about the relationships between these modifications and gene expression is still limited. This study used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing （ChlP-Seq）, to investigate the genome-wide distribution of four histone modifications： di and trimethylation of H3K4 （H3K4me2 and H3K4me3） and acylation of H3K9 and H3K27 （H3K9ac and H3K27ac） in Oryza sativa L. japonica. By analyz- ing published DNase-Seq data, this study explored DNase-Hypersensitive （DH） sites along the rice genome. The histone marks appeared mainly in generic regions and were enriched around the transcription start sites （TSSs） of genes. This analysis demonstrated that the four histone modifications and the DH sites were all associated with active transcription. Furthermore, the four histone modifications were highly concurrent with transcript regions-a promising feature that was used to predict missing genes in the rice gene annotation. The predictions were further validated by experimentally confirming the transcription of two predicted missing genes. Moreover, a sequence motif analysis was constructed in order to identify the DH sites and many putative transcription factor binding sites.

LjaFGD:Lonicera japonica functional genomicsdatabase

Lonicera japonica Thunb.,a traditional Chinese herb,has been used for treating human diseases for thousands of years.Recently,the genome of L.japonica has been decoded,providing valuable information for research into gene function.However,no comprehensive database for gene functional analysis and mining is available for L.japonica.We therefore constructed LjaFGD(www.gzybioinformatics.cn/LjaFGD and bioinformatics.cau.edu.cn/LjaFGD),a database for analyzing and comparing gene function in L.japonica.We constructed a gene co-expression network based on 77 RNA-seq samples,and then annotated genes of L.japonica by alignment against protein sequences from public databases.We also introduced several tools for gene functional analysis,including Blast,motif analysis,gene set enrichment analysis,heatmap analysis,and JBrowse.Our co-expression network revealed that MYB and WRKY transcription factor family genes were co-expressed with genes encoding key enzymes in the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid and luteolin in L.japonica.We used flavonol synthase 1(LjFLS1)as an example to show the reliability and applicability of our database.LjaFGD and its various associated tools will provide researchers with an accessible platform for retrieving functional information on L.japonica genes to further biological discovery.

MCENet: A database for maize conditional co-expression network and network characterization collaborated with multi-dimensional omics levels

Maize （Zea mays） is the most widely grown grain crop in the world, playing important roles in agriculture and industry. However, the functions of maize genes remain largely unknown. High-quality genome- wide transcriptome datasets provide important biological knowledge which has been widely and suc- cessfully used in plants not only by measuring gene expression levels but also by enabling co-expression analysis for predicting gene functions and modules related to agronomic traits. Recently, thousands of maize transcriptomic data are available across different inbred lines, development stages, tissues, and treatments, or even across different tissue sections and cell lines. Here, we integrated 701 transcriptomic and 108 epigenomic data and studied the different conditional networks with multi-dimensional omics levels. We constructed a searchable, integrative, one-stop online platform, the maize conditional co- expression network （MCENet） platform. MCENet provides 10 global/conditional co-expression net- works, 5 network accessional analysis toolkits （i.e., Network Search, Network Remodel, Module Finder, Network Comparison, and Dynamic Expression View） and multiple network functional support toolkits （e.g., motif and module enrichment analysis）. We hope that our database might help plant research communities to identify maize functional genes or modules that regulate important agronomic traits.

Enhanced energy-storage performance in BNT-based lead-free dielectric ceramics via introducing SrTi_(0.875)Nb_(0.1)O_(3)

Environmentally friendly lead-free ceramics capacitors,with outstanding power density,rapid charging/discharging rate,and superior stability,have been receiving increasing attention of late for their ability to meet the critical requirements of pulsed power devices in low-consumption systems.However,the relatively low energy storage capability must be urgently overcome.Herein,this work reports on leadfree SrTi_(0.875)Nb_(0.1)O_(3)(STN)replacement of(Bi_(0.47)La_(0.03)Na_(0.5))_(0.94)Ba_(0.06)TiO_(3)(BLNBT)ferroelectric ceramics with excellent energy storage performance.Improving relaxor behaviour and breakdown strength(Eb),decreasing grain size,and mitigating large polarization difference are conductive to the enhancement of comprehensive energy storage performances.The phase-field simulation methods are further analysized evolution process of electrical tree in the experimental breakdown.In particular,the 0.70BLNBT-0.30STN ceramic exhibit a large discharged energy density of 4.2 J/cm^(3) with an efficiency of 89.3%at room temperature under electric field of 380 kV/cm.Additionally,for practical applications,the BLNBT-based ceramics achieve a high power density(~62.3 MW/cm^(3))and fast discharged time(~148.8 ns)over broad temperature range(20-200℃).Therefore,this work can provide a simple and effective guideline paradigm for acquiring high-performance dielectric materials in low-consumption systems operating in a wide range of temperatures and long-term operations.

Production of an ultracold mixture of ^(23)Na^(40)K and ^(40)K

We report on the production of an ultracold mixture of 2.8×10^(4)^(23)Na^(40)K molecules and 3.3×10^(5)^(40)K atoms at a temperature of about 250 n K.Compared with previous studies,the number of atoms and molecules improved by a factor of about 2,and the temperature reduced by a factor of about 2.These improvements occur mainly because of the use of a crossed large-volume horizontal dipole trap to load the atoms from a cloverleaf-type magnetic trap,and a large-volume three-beam dipole trap to perform optical evaporative cooling.Besides achieving the mode-matching loading,this method avoids evaporative cooling in a decompressed cloverleaf magnetic trap,which is sensitive to magnetic field fluctuations.We characterize an atom-molecule Feshbach resonance using the ultracold atom-molecule mixture.The enhancement of particle number and temperature significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio,and enables us to refine the location and width of the Feshbach resonance.