Immunomodulatory effect of ethanol-soluble polypeptides from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

There are many active substances in Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)explaining the variety of biological activities.In order to study the immunomodulatory activity and the mechanism of Atlantic cod peptides at the cellular level.In this study,cod peptides were isolated by 80%ethanol extraction method,the isolated ethanol-soluble cod peptides(CP-ES)were investigated and their immunomodulatory activity was verified.Additionally,CP-ES showed lower molecular weight and more hydrophobic amino acids.CP-ES could promote the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and T lymphocytes in mice,suggesting that CP-ES may regulate adaptive immunity.It promoted the release of NO and the expression of iNOS,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βgenes in macrophages,suggesting that CP-ES may regulate innate immunity.CP-ES could promote the expression of TLR2 gene,and the peptides identified in CP-ES were docked with TLR2 to predict the peptides playing a major role in CP-ES.These results suggested that CP-ES may regulate the immune activity of both innate and adaptive lines.

The dual-function of bioactive peptides derived from oyster (Crassostrea gigas) proteins hydrolysates

Oysters(Crassostrea gigas)have a wide range of functionality due to their nutritional and bioactive components. However, the bioactive peptides of oyster proteins are rarely reported, particularly their antidiabetes effects and antioxidants. Oyster proteins were extracted from fresh oysters using phosphatebuffered saline and simulated gastrointestinal digestion was performed. The degree of hydrolysis(DH), structural characterization, molecular weight(Mw)distribution, free amino acid, anti-diabetic activity, and antioxidant activity were studied during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The results showed that the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, α-amylase inhibitory activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ABTS radical scavenging activity of the oyster protein gastrointestinal digest were increased(P < 0.05)from 0 to 33.96%, from 9.17% to 44.22%, from 9.01 μg trolox/mg protein to 18.48 μg trolox/mg protein, and from 21.44 μg trolox/mg protein to 56.21 μg trolox/mg protein, respectively. Additionally, the DH, β-turn structure, fluorescence intensity, free amino acid, and short peptide content(Mw < 1 000 Da)increased in the simulated gastrointestinal digestion. These results indicate that the digestive hydrolysates obtained from oyster proteins could be used as natural anti-diabetic and antioxidant agents.

Prognostic value of preoperative immune-nutritional scoring systems in remnant gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery

BACKGROUND Remnant gastric cancer(GC)is defined as GC that occurs five years or more after gastrectomy.Systematically evaluating the preoperative immune and nutritional status of patients and analyzing its prognostic impact on postoperative remnant gastric cancer(RGC)patients are crucial.A simple scoring system that combines multiple immune or nutritional indicators to identify nutritional or immune status before surgery is necessary.AIM To evaluate the value of preoperative immune-nutritional scoring systems in predicting the prognosis of patients with RGC.METHODS The clinical data of 54 patients with RGC were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Prognostic nutritional index(PNI),controlled nutritional status(CONUT),and Naples prognostic score(NPS)were calculated by preoperative blood indicators,including absolute lymphocyte count,lymphocyte to monocyte ratio,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,serum albumin,and serum total cholesterol.Patients with RGC were divided into groups according to the immune-nutritional risk.The relationship between the three preoperative immune-nutritional scores and clinical characteristics was analyzed.Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to analyze the difference in overall survival(OS)rate between various immune-nutritional score groups.RESULTS The median age of this cohort was 70.5 years(ranging from 39 to 87 years).No significant correlation was found between most pathological features and immune-nutritional status(P>0.05).Patients with a PNI score<45,CONUT score or NPS score≥3 were considered to be at high immune-nutritional risk.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of PNI,CONUT,and NPS systems for predicting postoperative survival were 0.611[95%confidence interval(CI):0.460–0.763;P=0.161],0.635(95%CI:0.485–0.784;P=0.090),and 0.707(95%CI:0.566–0.848;P=0.009),respectively.Cox regression analysis showed that the three immunenutritional scoring systems were significantly correlated with OS(PNI:P=0.002;CONUT:P=0.039;NPS:P<0.001).Survival analysis revealed a significant difference in OS between different immune-nutritional groups(PNI:75 mo vs 42 mo,P=0.001;CONUT:69 mo vs 48 mo,P=0.033;NPS:77 mo vs 40 mo,P<0.001).CONCLUSION These preoperative immune-nutritional scores are reliable multidimensional prognostic scoring systems for predicting the prognosis of patients with RGC,in which the NPS system has relatively effective predictive performance.

腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术治疗盆腔脏器脱垂合并压力性尿失禁的疗效评价

目的探讨腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术(LSC)对盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)合并压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析31例POP合并轻、中度SUI患者,比较患者LSC手术前后POP评价体系(POP-Q)各指示点、盆底功能问卷排尿不适量表(UDI-6)和尿失禁影响问卷简表(IIQ-7)问卷评分、盆底超声指标和尿动力学指标的变化情况。结果 31例患者均成功施行LSC,中位随访时间为22个月,术后随访均无失败或复发病例。手术前后POP-Q各指示点Aa、Ba、C、Ap、Bp点的位置得到显著改善(P<0.05)。POP客观治愈率100.00%。手术前后的UDI-6和IIQ-7问卷评分术后均较术前明显下降(P<0.05),提示术后生活质量明显改善。盆底超声提示术后膀胱颈移动度(BND)和膀胱后角(RVA)较术前明显减小(P<0.05),表明术后尿道高活动性降低。其中12例患者术后最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、功能性尿道长度、最大尿道压及最大尿道闭合压较术前上升(P<0.05)。LSC术后SUI治愈率为82.76%。结论在LSC术后,SUI主观及客观指标均得到改善。因此,不建议在LSC同时对轻、中度SUI患者行预防性抗SUI手术。

Ⅰb2～Ⅱa2期宫颈癌患者术前经动脉介入栓塞化疗的疗效观察

目的:观察术前经动脉介入栓塞化疗对Ⅰb2~Ⅱa2期宫颈癌患者的临床疗效与安全性。方法:Ⅰb2~Ⅱa2期宫颈癌患者85例随机分为A组42例与B组43例。A组术前经动脉介入栓塞化疗,B组术前静脉化疗。两组均采用TP化疗方案:紫杉醇135~175 mg·m-2+顺铂60~75 mg·m-2,持续3周。比较两组治疗疗效、治疗前后血管新生指标变化及药品不良反应发生情况。结果:A组总有效率为80.95%,B组总有效率为74.42%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组化疗后血清血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、血管内皮生长因子C(VEGFC)和血管内皮生长因子D(VEGFD)含量均较化疗前降低(P<0.05),且A组均低于B组(P<0.05)。两组药品不良反应差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论:术前经动脉介入栓塞化疗与静脉化疗对Ⅰb2~Ⅱa2期宫颈癌患者疗效相当,但术前经动脉介入栓塞化疗抑制血管新生效果优于静脉化疗,值得临床借鉴。

基于CFD的氧化沟中推流器转速与分布特性

针对目前氧化沟流速过低,污泥沉积的现象,根据秦皇岛污水处理厂氧化沟的三维图纸,建立三维推流器模型并进行非结构化四面体网格划分.基于Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,采用SIMPLE算法对氧化沟进行数值模拟,计算出各转速下推流器的功率、氧化沟各个截面的速度分布、速度死区占比以及旋涡个数.结果表明:当推流器功率能达到氧化沟所需能量且不超过电动机额定功率时可得到推流器最优转速;氧化沟池型结构不变的情况下,改变推流器安装位置,能有效改善氧化沟流速分布,减少污泥沉积;针对入口处的旋涡问题,可以通过改变入流角度来加以改善.为实际工程中推流器的转速和布置选择提供了理论依据.

主动除霾“驻波窗”的设计与实现

主动式除霾"驻波窗"是随着输入的频率来调节进入空气的流量,从而形成了一扇变动的"纱窗"。主要利用了驻波的原理,巧妙地实现了主动除霾的功能,并根据通电线圈在磁场中受力转动的原理制成了振动源。最后利用一个测量PM2.5的仪器对"驻波窗"除霾能力进行了定量的分析,获得了有效的数据,证明了"驻波窗"能有效除霾的功效。主动式除霾"驻波窗"实现方法巧妙,成本低廉,低噪声,适合在实际生活中推广。

痛泻要方对肠道微生态影响的研究进展

痛泻是中医病名,症见由情志不遂引发的腹痛腹泻、泻后痛减.痛泻要方是治疗痛泻的经典中医方剂,研究痛泻要方对肠道微生态的影响,对痛泻基础理论和临床治疗的拓展重要的现实意义.本文通过对近年来相关文献的整理,从痛泻的概念入手,对痛泻与肠道微生态的关联研究以及痛泻要方对肠道微生态的影响进行探讨,为痛泻要方的治疗机制研究提供借鉴.

湖北“肺炎1号”方治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的肠道微生态机制探讨

国内新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情的有效防治离不开中医药的积极参与.湖北省中医院创立的“肺炎1号”方,是以小柴胡汤合达原饮加减为基本方,并结合当地新冠肺炎患者的证候特点而成.本文分析探讨了新型冠状病毒肺炎与肠道微生态之间的关联,并从中医理论与肠道微生态理论的一致性角度入手,探究“肺炎1号”通过肠道微生态治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的可能作用机制,为中医药治疗新冠肺炎的临床效用提供理论支撑.

Effects of estrogen on CD4^+ CD25^+ regulatory T cell in peripheral blood during pregnancy

Objective To investigate the effects of estrogen(E_2)level on regulatory T cells(Treg)in peripheral blood during pregnancy.Methods:A total of 30 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as control group,90 pregnant women of early,middle and late pregnancy and 30 postpartum women at 1 month after parturition were selected as experimental groups including early pregnancy group,middle pregnancy group and late pregnancy group;the proportions of CD4^+CD25^+Treg and CD4^+CD25^+CD127^-Treg among CD4 T cells were detected by flow cytometry;the serum estrogen content in peripheral blood was detected by electrochemical immune luminescence method.Results:E_2 level was coincident with the change of Tregs number during pregnancy.The estrogen content in peripheral blood increased gradually from early pregnancy to late pregnancy,then decreased significantly after parturition,and the level at 1 month after parturition down to the level in non-pregnancy group(P>0.05);the level of E_2 in pregnancy groups were significantly higher than those in non-pregnancy group(P<0.01);and there were significant differences among early pregnancy group,middle pregnancy group and late pregnancy group(P<0.05).The proportions of CD4^+CD25^+Treg and CD4^+CD25^+CD127^-Treg in pregnancy groups were significantly higher than those in non-pregnancy group(P<0.05),but decreased significantly after parturition,and there was no significant difference between non-pregnancy group and postpartum women group(P>0.05):the proportions in middle and late pregnancy groups were significantly higher than those in early pregnancy group(P<0.05).but decreased slightly in late pregnancy group,there was no significant difference between late pregnancy group and middle pregnancy group(P>0.05).There was correlation between Tregs number with estrogen level during pregnancy.The proportion of CD4^+CD25^+Treg and CD4^+CD25^+CD 127^-Treg were positively correlated with estrogen level.Conclusions:High proportion of CD4^+CD25^+Trcg and CD4^+CD25^+CD127^-Treg is closely related to the high level of E,during pregnancy.It suggested that high level of estrogen may induce an increase of CD4^+CD25^+Treg in peripheral blood.and then influence the immune function of pregnant women.The results of this experiment might play an important role of estrogen in immune-modulation during pregnancy.

ROS-Responsive Berberine Polymeric Micelles Effectively Suppressed the Inflammation of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Targeting Mitochondria

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease,which attacks human joint system and causes lifelong inflammatory condition.To date,no cure is available for RA and even the ratio of achieving remission is very low.Hence,to enhance the efficacy of RA treatment,it is essential to develop novel approaches specifically targeting pathological tissues.In this study,we discovered that RA synovial fibroblasts exhibited higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial superoxide level,which were adopted to develop ROS-responsive nano-medicines in inflammatory microenvironment for enhanced RA treatment.A selenocystamine-based polymer was synthesized as a ROS-responsive carrier nanoplatform,and berberine serves as a tool drug.By assembling,ROS-responsive berberine polymeric micelles were fabricated,which remarkably increased the uptake of berberine in RA fibroblast and improved in vitro and in vivo efficacy ten times higher.Mechanistically,the anti-RA effect of micelles was blocked by the co-treatment of AMPK inhibitor or palmitic acid,indicating that the mechanism of micelles was carried out through targeting mitochondrial,suppressing lipogenesis and finally inhibiting cellular proliferation.Taken together,our ROS-responsive nano-medicines represent an effective way of preferentially releasing prodrug at the inflammatory microenvironment and improving RA therapeutic efficacy.

Global Dynamic Analysis of a Vector-Borne Plant Disease Model with Discontinuous Treatment

This paper proposes a vector-borne plant disease model with discontinuous treatment strategies. Constructing Lyapunov function and applying non-smooth theory to analyze discontinuous differential equations, the basic reproductive number R0 is proved, which determines whether the plant disease will be extinct or not. If R0 R0 > 1 , there exists a unique endemic equilibrium which is globally stable. The numerical simulations are provided to verify our theoretical results, which indicate that after infective individuals reach some level, strengthening treatment measures is proved to be beneficial in controlling disease transmission.

High Temperature Flexural Deformation Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with Hybrid Fiber Reinforcement

Engineered Cementitious Composites(ECC)is a class of high-performance fiber reinforced composites with ultra-ductility designed based on micromechanics,and it has been developed for increasing application in the construction industry during recent decades.The properties of ECC at room temperature have been tested and studied in depth,however,few studies focus on its performance after high temperature that is one of the worst conditions to ECC.To investigate the change tendency and mechanism for the high temperature flexural properties of hybrid fiber reinforced ECC and the feasibility of calcium carbonate whisker to reduce the cost of ECC materials,polyvinyl alcohol fiber(PVA)reinforced strain hardening cementitious composites(PVA-ECC),steel fiber+PVA fiber reinforced ECC(defined as HyFRECC-A)and steel fiber+PVA fiber+CaCO3 whisker reinforced ECC(defined as HyFRECC-B)subject to room temperature and 200℃,400℃,600℃,800℃elevated temperature exposure were experimentally compared.The results indicate that equally replacing PVA fibers by steel fibers degraded the flexural hardening ability of PVA-ECC at room temperature,while the addition of appropriate amount of CaCO3 whisker improved the flexural strength,toughness and flexural hardening behavior.The elevated temperature posed a significant effect on the flexural strength and toughness of the three types of ECCs.Flexural deflection hardening behavior of the three types of ECCs was eliminated after high temperature exposure.Flexural strength and toughness of PVA-ECC presented an exponential decay along with the increase of temperature.The addition of steel fiber slowed down the decay rate.Although the use of CaCO3 whisker increased the post-temperature flexural strength and toughness of HyFRECC-B,the decay rate was not further decreased.

轧机液压系统关键元件性能实验研究

以马钢1720冷连轧机液压系统为研究目标,在对其液压系统的配置和原理进行分析的基础上,进行液压泵、伺服阀、压上缸的性能实验研究,得到元件的一些关键性能参数,为轧机液压系统的研究、现场故障处理提供了理论基础及实验依据。

One-pot preparation and applications of self-healing,self-adhesive PAA-PDMS elastomers

A new family of transparent,biocompatible,self-adhesive,and self-healing elastomer has been developed by a convenient and efficient one-pot reaction between poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane(PDMSOH).The condensation reaction between PAA and PDMS-OH has been confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)spectra.The prepared PAA-PDMS elastomers possess robust mechanical strength and strong adhesiveness to human skin,and they have fast self-healing ability at room temperature(in^10 s with the efficiency of 98%).Specifically,strain sensors were fabricated by assembling PAA-PDMS as packaging layers and polyetherimide-reduced graphene oxide(PEI-rGO)as strain-sensing layers.The PAA-PDMS/PEI-rGO sensors are stably and reliably responsive to slight physical deformations,and they can be attached onto skin directly to monitor the body’s motions.Meanwhile,strain sensors can self-heal quickly and completely,and they can be reused for the motion detecting after shallowly scratching the surface.This work provides new opportunities to manufacture high performance self-adhesive and self-healing materials.

Optical neuroimaging of executive function impairments in food addiction

This study investigated the neural mechanisms located in the prefrontal cortex(PFC)involved in maintaining addictive-like eating behavior.Therefore,we aimed toll a gap in the existing literature and help clarify the food addiction(FA)cycle by inspecting the relationship between the executive control and psychopathology involved in the FA cycle.Twenty-three students recruited from the University of Macao participated in this study.We investigated a hemodynamic response captured by NIRS recordings,activated during n-back,set-shifting,and go/nogo paradigms.Moreover,we investigated the FA symptoms through the YFAS clinical inventory to better understand the relationship between hemodynamic response and clinical symptomatology in college students.First,the hemodynamicndings conrm that altered cognitive control in executive function performance appears to be linked to addictive-like eating behaviors,which in turn conrms a circuit similarity between FA and the substance abuse population(SUD)as reported in previous fMRI studies.Secondly,the psychologicalndings conrm the signicant association between the working memory decits and symptoms severity which suggest the role of self-control and regulation in limiting the storage resources as a potential trigger to develop overconsumption episodes in the FA cycle.Ourndings highlight how disrupted self-control and regulation of craving and negative a®ect induced by mental imagery might shape and overload the working memory storage as a potential trigger to develop binge eating episodes to maintain the FA cycle.In conclusion,the use of fNIRS in the context of eating disorders studies represents a valuable application,noninvasive,and patientfriendly tool,providing new insights into understanding the addiction cycle and treatment guidelines.

PEGylated liposomal photosensitizers as theranostic agents for dual-modal photoacoustic andffuorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy

The photosensitizer(PS)as photodynamic therapy(PDT)agent,can also serve as the contrast agent for dual-modalffuorescence imaging(FLI)and photoacoustic imaging(PAI)for precise cancer theranostics.In this study,the PAI capability of commercial PS,benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring-A(BPD)were examined and compared with that from the other PSs and dyes such as TPPS_(4),Cy5 dye and ICG.We discovered that BPD exhibited its advantage as contrast agent for PAI.Meanwhile,BPD can also serve as the contrast agent for enhanced FLI.In particular,the PEGylated nanoliposome(PNL)encapsulated BPD(LBPD)was produced for contrast enhanced dual-modal FLI and PAI and imaging-guided high-efficiency PDT.Enhanced FLI and PAI results demonstrated the significant accumulation of LBPD both within and among individual tumor during 24 h monitoring for in vivo experiment tests.In-vitro and in-vivo PDT tests were also performed,which showed that LBPD have higher PDT efficiency and can easily break the blood vessel of tumor tissues as compared to that from BPD.It was discovered that LBPD has great potentials as a diagnosis and treatment agent for dual-modal FLI and PAI-guided PDT of cancer.

Mapping the small-world properties of brain networks in Chinese to English simultaneous interpreting by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy

The aim of this study is to examine the small-world properties of functional brain networks inChinese to English simultaneous interpreting(SI)using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(INIRS),In particular,the fNIRS neuroimaging combined with complex network analysis wasperformed to extract the features of functional brain networks underling three translationstrategies associated with Chinese to English SI:"transcoding"that takes the"shortcut"linkingtranslation equivalents between Chinese and the English,code-mixing"that basically does notinvolve blingual procesing,and"transphrasingn that takes the long route"involving amonolingual processing of meaning in Chinese and then another monolingual processing ofmeaning in English.Our results demonstrated that the small-world net work topology was able todistinguish well bet ween the transcoding,code-mixing and transphrasing strategies related toChinese to English SI.

Multifunctional conjugated polymer nanoparticles for photoacoustic-based multimodal imaging and cancer photothermal therapy

Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)is a hybrid imaging method based on photoacoustic(PA)effects,which is able to capture the structure,function,and molecular information of biological tissues with high resolution.To date,therapeutic techniques under the guidance of PAI have provided new strategies for accurate diagnosis and precise treatment of tumors.In particular,conjugated polymer nanoparticles have been extensively inspected for PA-based cancer theranostics largely due to their superior optical properties such as tunable spectrum and large absorption coefficient and their good biocompatibility,and abundant functional groups.This mini-review mainly focuses on the recent advances toward the development of novel conjugated polymer nanoparticles for PA-based multimodal imaging and cancer photothermal therapy.

Nano-loaded natural killer cells as carriers of indocyanine green for synergetic cancer immunotherapy and phototherapy

To improve the efficacy of traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy and reduce their serious side effects,further efforts need to be exerted to identify better cancer therapeutic options that are effective,affordable,and acceptable to patients.In this study,a novel theranostic agent was produced to perform synergetic cancer immunotherapy and phototherapy.The theranostic agent,named natural killer(NK)cells carrying indocyanine green loaded liposomes was synthesized NK cells with ICG nanoparticles to serve as the agent for a newly-established cancer treatment.It is expected that the developed synergistic therapy can pave a new avenue for improved efficacy of cancer theranostics.