腹腔镜全子宫切除术和腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术用于全子宫切除手术中的应用价值研究

目的探讨腹腔镜全子宫切除术(LTH)和腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术(LAVH)用于全子宫切除的效果。方法选取2015年2月-2017年2月在该院行子宫全切除的患者182例。其中,行LTH患者97例,行LAVH患者85例,观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、疤痕长度和术后肛门排气时间等,同时检测两组手术前后C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)。结果 LTH组术中出血量和疤痕长度分别为(104.33±40.20)ml和(2.03±0.84)cm,明显低于LAVH组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LTH组和LAVH组术后肛门排气时间、住院天数、术后镇痛比例及住院费用差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);LTH组术后CRP和IL-6分别为(26.43±6.11)mg/L和(40.04±11.03)ng/ml,明显低于LAVH组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而IL-2为(44.20±12.29)ng/ml,明显高于LAVH组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LTH组术后并发症发生率为6.19%,明显低于LAVH组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 LTH用于子宫切除是安全可靠的方法,具有并发症少、对机体免疫功能影响小等优点,值得临床推广使用。

Corrosion resistance and superhydrophobicity of one-step polypropylene coating on anodized AZ31 Mg alloy

Superhydrophobic coatings have been considerably used in corrosion and its protection of metallic Mg.And the comprehensive performance(hydrophobicity,bonding strength,and corrosion resistance,etc.)of the top coating may be highly dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the primer or under coat.Herein,an integrated superhydrophobic polypropylene(PP)coating was fabricated on the micro-arc oxidized Mg substrate via one-step dipping.Surface morphologies and chemical compositions of the composite coating were examined through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)together with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The surface wettability of the coating was determined by contact angle and sliding angle.The corrosion-resistant performance was evaluated via electrochemical and immersion measurements.The results showed that the hybrid coating possessed micron-scaled granular structure on the surface with a high water contact angle of 167.2±0.8°and a low water sliding angle of 2.7±0.5°.The corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic coating was obviously enhanced with a low corrosion current density of 8.76×10^(−9)A/cm^(2),and the coating still maintained integrity after 248 h of immersion in 3.5wt%NaCl aqueous solution.The MAO coating provides better adhesion of PP to the surface.Hence,the superhydrophobic coating exhibited superior bonding strength,corrosion resistance and durability.

In vitro degradation resistance of glucose and L-cysteine-bioinspired Schiff-base anodic Ca−P coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

A Schiff base(a compound containing a C=N bond)induced anodic Ca−P coating was prepared on AZ31 Mg alloy in a mixed solution of CaCl_(2) and KH_(2)PO_(4) at 60℃ in the presence of glucose and L-cysteine.The microstructure and chemical composition of the coatings were characterized using FE-SEM,FT-IR,XRD,and XPS.The in vitro degradation resistance of the coated samples was evaluated via potentiodynamic polarization(PDP),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),and hydrogen evolution test.The experimental results show that the Ca−PSchiff base coating is composed of CaHPO_(4)(DCPA)and hydroxyapatite(HA),whereas HA is not present in the Ca−P coating.The Ca−P_(Schiff base) coating thickness is about 2 times that of Ca−P coating(Ca−P coating:(9.13±4.20)μm and Ca−P_(Schiff base):(18.13±5.78)μm).The corrosion current density of the Ca−P_(Schiff base) coating is two orders of magnitude lower than that of the Ca−P coating.The formation mechanism of the Ca−P_(Schiff base) is proposed.

Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain infection in China:A national multicenter survey of 35,566 individuals

Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in China.Methods:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in China.Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID-19 between December 28,2022,and February 21,2023.The collected information included basic demographics,medical history,smoking and drinking history,vaccination history,changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection,and other postinfection symptoms,as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders.Results:Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects.The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%.Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction.Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction.Before infection,the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51,respectively;after infection,they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey.The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days,respectively,with 0.5%of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days.The overall self-reported improvement rate was 59.16%.Recovery was higher in males,never smokers,those who received two or three vaccine doses,and those that had never experienced dental health issues,or chronic accompanying symptoms.Conclusions:The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is high in China.Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors,including sex,SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,history of head-facial trauma,nasal and oral health status,smoking and drinking history,and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.

In vitro corrosion resistance of layer-by-layer assembled polyacrylic acid multilayers induced Ca–P coating on magnesium alloy AZ31

Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)-based alloys have aroused great concern owing to their promising characteristics as temporary implants for orthopedic application.But their undesirably rapid corrosion rate under physiological conditions has limited the actual clinical application.This study reports the use of a novel biomimetic polyelectrolyte multilayer template,based on polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)and polyacrylic acid(PAA)via layerby-layer(LbL)assembly,to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.Surface characterization techniques(field-emission scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrophotometer and X-ray diffractometer)confirmed the formation of biomineralized Ca–P coating on AZ31 alloy.Both hydrogen evolution and electrochemical corrosion tests demonstrated that the corrosion protection of the polyelectrolyte-induced Ca–P coating on AZ31 alloy.The formation mechanism of biomineralized Ca–P coating was proposed.

Corrosion resistance and antibacterial effects of hydroxyapatite coating induced by polyacrylic acid and gentamicin sulfate on magnesium alloy

Magnesium(Mg)alloys have attracted considerable research attention as potential biocompatible implant materials.However,the major barriers to the extended use of such medical devices are the possibility of high corrosion rate and implantassociated infections.To solve them,a novel polyacrylic acid(PAA)/gentamicin sulfate(GS)-hydroxyapatite(HAp)coating was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal deposition method.Characteristics of functional coatings were investigated by SEM,FTIR and XRD.Corrosion properties of samples were evaluated by electrochemical and hydrogen evolution tests.Antibacterial activities of the coatings against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were measured by the plate-counting method.Results showed that the as-prepared HAp coating with dense and flawless morphologies could not only enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys,but also improve the adhesion strength between the HAp coating and the substrate.In addition,the induction of the apatite coating during immersion confirmed the excellent mineralization ability of the HAp coating.Moreover,the obtained HAp coati ng possessed antibacterial properties and could prolong the release of GS.Thus,the PAA/GS-HAp coated Mg alloy could serve as a better candidate for biomedical applications with good anti-corrosion and antibacterial properties.

Endoscopic Approach to Remove Intra-extracranial Tumors in Various Skull Base Regions： 10-year Experience of a Single Center

Background：Some problems have been found in the usually adopted combined approach for the removal of intra-extracranial tumors in skull base.Herein,we described a pure endoscopic transnasal or transoral approach （ETA） for the removal of intra-extracranial tumors in various skull base regions.Methods：Retrospectively,clinical data,major surgical complications,pre-and postoperative images,and follow-up information of a series of 85 patients with intra-extracranial tumors in various skull base regions who were treated by surgery via ETA in our skull base center during the past 10 years were reviewed and analyzed.Results：Gross total tumor removal was achieved in 80/85 cases （94.1%） in this study.All 37 cases with tumors in anterior skull base and all 14 cases with tumors in jugular foramen received total tumor removal.Thirteen and three cases with tumors in clivus received total and subtotal tumor removal,respectively.Total and subtotal tumor removal was performed for 16 cases and 2 cases in lateral skull base,respectively.The complications in this study included：cerebrospinal fluid leakage （n =3）,meningitis （n =3）,and new cranial nerve deficits （n =3;recovered in 3 months after surgery）.In the follow-up period of40-151 months （median：77 months）,seven patients （8.8%） out of the 80 cases of total tumor removal experienced recurrence.Conclusions：Complete resection of intra-extracranial growing tumors in various skull base regions can be achieved via the pure ETA in one stage in selected cases.Surgical procedure for radical removal of tumors is feasible and safe.

Corrosion Resistance and Durability of Superhydrophobic Coating on AZ31 Mg Alloy via One-Step Electrodeposition

To enhance durability and adhesion of superhydrophobic surface,an integrated superhydrophobic calcium myristate(Ca[CH3(CH2)12COO]2)coating with excellent corrosion resistance was fabricated on AZ31 magnesium(Mg)alloy via one-step electrodeposition process.Field-emission scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as X-ray diff raction were employed to investigate the surface characteristics(morphology,composition and structure)of the coatings.Hydrophobicity of the coating was evaluated by means of contact and sliding angles.Additionally,potentiodynamic polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution tests were conducted to characterize the corrosion resistance.Results indicated that the coating exhibited super-hydrophobicity with large static water contact angle(CA)and small sliding angle of 155.2°±1.5°and 6.0°±0.5°,respectively,owing to spherical rough structure and low surface energy(7.01 mJ m^(-2)).The average hydrogen evolution rate(HERa)and corrosion current density(icorr)of the coated sample were 5.3μL cm^(-2)h^(-1) and 5.60×10^(-9)A cm^(-2),about one and four orders of magnitude lower than that of AZ31 substrate,respectively,implying the excellent corrosion resistance.The CA of the coating remained 155.6°±0.9°after soaking for 13 days,showing the super-hydrophobicity and stability of the coating.Simultaneously,the large critical load(5004 mN)for the coating designated the outstanding adhesion to the substrate by nano-scratch test.

Corrosion Resistance of Silane-Modified Hydroxyapatite Films on Degradable Magnesium Alloys

A polymethyltrimethoxysilane（PMTMS）/hydroxyapatite（HA） hybrid coating was successfully fabricated on a magnesium alloy by hydrothermal treatment and immersion method. The microstructure and composition of the coating were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The physical properties were investigated using scratch testing. At the same time, the corrosion resistance was evaluated via electrochemical and immersion tests. The results demonstrated that the corrosion resistance of the silane hybrid coating was significantly enhanced compared with the naked magnesium alloy. Especially, the corrosion current density of the PMTMS/HA magnesium alloy was three orders of magnitude lower than that of the bare material.

Corrosion resistance of a superhydrophobic micro-arc oxidation coating on Mg-4Li-1Ca alloy

A micro-arc oxidation（MAO）/zinc stearate（ZnSA） composite coating was fabricated via MAO processing and subsequent sealing with electrodeposition of a superhydrophobic ZnSA. The surface morphologies,chemical composition and corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical and hydrogen evolution measurements. Results indicated that the MAO coating was efficiently sealed by the following superhydrophobic ZnSA coating. The MAO/ZnSA composite coating significantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy Mg-4 Li-1 Ca due to its superhydrophobic function. Additionally, corrosion mechanism was suggested and discussed for the composite coating.

Corrosion resistance of Ca-P coating induced by layer-by-layer assembled polyvinylpyrrolidone/DNA multilayer on magnesium AZ31 alloy

A hydrothermal deposition method was utilized to fabricate Ca-P composite coating induced by the layer-by-layer(LbL)assembled polyvinylpyrrolidone/deoxyribonucleic acid(PVP/DNA)_(20) multilayer on AZ31 alloy.The surface morphology and compositions were characterized by SEM,EDS,FTIR and XRD.Besides,the corrosion resistance and degradation behavior of the coating were tested via electrochemical polarization,impedance spectroscopy and immersion measurements.Results show that the main components of Ca-P coatings are hydroxyapatite,Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)·nH_(2)O.The LbL-assembled DNA and PVP promote the adsorption of Ca-P deposits on the sample surface,and structures and functional groups of the polyelectrolyte in the outermost layer are the primary influencing factor for the induction of the Ca-P coating.Carboxyl groups have the best biomineralization effect among all related functional groups.The enhanced corrosion resistance and adhesion highlight a promising use of(PVP/DNA)_(20)-induced Ca-P coatings in the field of biomedical magnesium alloys.

Corrosion Resistance of Superhydrophobic Mg(OH)_(2)/Calcium Myristate Composite Coating on Magnesium Alloy AZ31

Hydrophobic Mg(OH)_(2)/calcium myristate(Ca[CH3(CH2)12COO]_(2),CaMS)and Mg(OH)_(2)/magnesium myristate(Mg[CH3(CH2)12COO]2,MgMS)composite coatings were prepared on the alkali-treated AZ31 substrates via both electrodeposition and dipping methods.The morphologies,compositions,and constitutes of the coatings were investigated by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR)together with X-ray diffractometer(XRD).Furthermore,electrochemical(polarization and impedance spectroscopy)and hydrogen evolution tests were applied to evaluate the corrosion resistance.The wettability and adhesive strength of the composite coatings were characterized through water static contact angle(CA),sliding angle(SA),and nano-scratch tests.Results indicated that the better super-hydrophobicity,corrosion resistance,and adhesion were achieved via an electrodeposited process.The corrosion current density(icorr)and hydrogen evolution rate(HER)of the electrodeposited coating were three and one orders of magnitude smaller than the substrate,implying a significantly improved corrosion resistance.This scenario was ascribed to the super-hydrophobicity of electrodeposited composite coating with a contact angle(CA)and slide angle(SA)of 159.2°±0.8°and 5.2°±0.8°,respectively.However,the dipped composite coating was adverse to the improvement of corrosion resistance and adhesion due to the dissolution of the underlying Mg(OH)_(2)layer and smooth surface with less organic fatty acid salt(MgMS)

Clinicopathological significance of p16, cyclin D1, Rb and MIB-1 levels in skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma

Objective: To investigate the expression of p16, cyclin D1, retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (Rb) and MIB-1 in skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma tissues, and to determine the clinicopathological significance of the above indexes in these diseases.Methods: A total of 100 skull base chordoma, 30 chondrosarcoma, and 20 normal cartilage tissue samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.The expression levels of p16, cyclinD1,Rb and MIB-1 proteins were assessed for potential correlation with the clinicopathological features.Results: As compared to normal cartilage specimen (control), there was decreased expression of p16, and increased expression of cyclin D1, Rb and MIB-1 proteins, in both skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma specimens.MIB-1 LI levels were significantly increased in skull base chordoma specimens with negative expression of p16, and positive expression of cyclin D1 and Rb (P ＜ 0.05).Significantly elevated MIB-1 LI was also detected in skull base chondrosarcoma tissues, while there was negative expression of p16, cyclin D1 and Rb (P ＜ 0.05).In skull base chordoma, p16 negatively correlated with cyclin D1 and Rb, while cyclin D1 positively correlated with Rb.Additionally, p16, cyclin D1, Rb, or MIB-1 expression showed no correlation with age, gender, or pathological classification of patients with skull base chordoma (P ＞ 0.05).However, p16 and MIB-1 levels correlated with the intradural invasion, and expression of p16, Rb and MIB-1 correlated with the number of tumor foci (P ＜ 0.05).Further, the expression of p16 and MIB-1 appeared to correlate with the prognosis of patients with skull base chordoma.Conclusions: The abnormal expression of p16, cyclin D1 and Rb proteins might be associated with the tumorigenesis of skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma.