MMAE-loaded PLGA nanomedicine with improved biosafety to achieve efficient antitumor treatment

Monomethyl auristatin E(MMAE)is a derivative of the marine peptide Dolastatin 10,which has therapeutic effects against various cancers according to its antimitotic activity in multiple clinical trials.The antibody drug conjugate(ADC)of MMAE is currently used in clinical practice.However,the safety issues of MMAE-based ADC,such as high drug toxicity and poor bioavailability,still exist when using it for anticancer therapy.A sustained release of drug delivery approach should be used to reduce toxicity and achieve sufficient anticancer effects.Herein,PLGA-b-PEG 2000 with excellent biocompatibility and slow degradation ability was adopted to construct MMAE-loaded nanoparticles for safe and effective chemotherapy.The sustained release effect and the immunogenic cell death(ICD)effect of PLGA-MMAE nanoparticles were assessed by in vitro experiments.The PLGA-MMAE nanoparticles effectively accumulated in the tumor through the enhanced permeability and retention(EPR)effect,inducing cell apoptosis and causing a certain degree of immune response.The sustained drug release of PLGA-MMAE improved the bioavailability and effectively reduced the toxicity and development of the tumor compared to the effect of free MMAE or ADC.Overall,this study provides a safe and effective chemotherapeutic approach,as well as a simple and effective synthetic process for MMAE-based nanoparticles,improving their therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Distal-scanning common path probe for optical coherence tomography

In this paper,we present a distal-scanning common path probe for optical coherence tomography(OCT)equipped with a hollow ultrasonic motor and a simple and specially designed beam-splitter.This novel probe proves to be able to effectively circumvent polarization and dispersion mismatch caused by fiber motion and is more robust to a variety of interfering factors during the imaging process,experimentally compared to a conventional noncommon path probe.Furthermore,our design counteracts the attenuation of backscattering with depth and the fall-off of the signal,resulting in a more balanced signal range and greater imaging depth.Spectral-domain OCT imaging of phantom and biological tissue is also demonstrated with a sensitivity of∼100dB and a lateral resolution of∼3μm.This low-cost probe offers simplified system configuration and excellent robustness,and is therefore particularly suitable for clinical diagnosis as one-off medical apparatus.

Vacuum residue coking process simulation using molecular-level kinetic model coupled with vapor-liquid phase separation

In this work,a molecular-level kinetic model was built to simulate the vacuum residue(VR)coking process in a semi-batch laboratory-scale reaction kettle.A series of reaction rules for heavy oil coking were summarized and formulated based on the free radical reaction mechanism.Then,a large-scale molecularlevel reaction network was automatically generated by applying the reaction rules on the vacuum residue molecules.In order to accurately describe the physical change of each molecule in the reactor,we coupled the molecular-level kinetic model with a vapor–liquid phase separation model.The vapor–liquid phase separation model adopted the Peng-Robinson equation of state to calculate vapor–liquid equilibrium.A separation efficiency coefficient was introduced to represent the mass transfer during the phase separation.We used six sets of experimental data under various reaction conditions to regress the model parameters.The tuned model showed that there was an excellent agreement between the calculated values and experimental data.Moreover,we investigated the effect of reaction temperature and reaction time on the product yields.After a comprehensive evaluation of the reaction temperature and reaction time,the optimal reaction condition for the vacuum residue coking was also obtained.

Conservative Breeding of Debao Pony in Nanning,Guangxi

[Objectives]The development of Guangxi Debao pony is very slow,and its quantity and quality have dropped sharply.In order to reduce the deterioration of breeds and the loss of excellent genetic stallions,this study was conducted.[Methods]Modern biological reproduction technology was adopted to protect,breed,develop,purify and rejuvenate the germplasm resources of Debao pony,and a conservation farm was constructed for Debao pony to speed up the development of the industrialization of ponies.[Results]Debao pony is characterized with strong disease resistance and strong adaptability to other places,and the growth indicators are basically consistent with the origin,which is conducive to market promotion.[Conclusions]The start of Guangxi Debao pony ex-situ conservation project will accelerate the development of pony industrialization,and it has particularly important practical significance.

Application Advantages of Fan-Water Curtain Cooling System in Pig Production

[Objectives]The purpose was to solve the problem that high temperature and high humidity will seriously affect the health and weight gain of pigs.[Methods]The fan-water curtain cooling system was popularized in large-scale pig farms.[Results]The pigs using the water curtain cooling system gained 1.5 kg from weaning to the day of slaughter.The feed-to-gain ratio was 2.43∶1,a year-on-year decrease of 0.05.The average weight gain per pig was about 5-10 kg.[Conclusions]The application of fan-water curtain cooling system in pig production can accelerate the growth rate of pigs,reduce the occurrence of diseases and improve the utilization of feed,eventually improving the productivity of pigs.

Comparative Analysis of Semen between Debao Pony and American Pearl Pony

[Objectives]The demand for ponies has been increasing in recent years,but the stock of Debao ponies is far from enough to supply market demand.In this context,this paper aims to achieve the purpose of conservation,purification and rejuvenation.[Methods]Under the conditions of same age,semen collection frequency,season,feeding environment,feed nutrition level,etc.,the semen of Debao pony and American pearl pony were collected,respectively,and the quality of the semen collected was analyzed.[Results]There was no significant difference in semen volume between the two breeds of ponies;the sperm vitality of the firstly-collected semen of ponies of which the semen has not been collected for a long time was low.The semen quality of American pearl pony was slightly better than that of Debao pony.[Conclusions]When the semen quality of American pearl pony is stable,it can be used for cross-breeding with the Debao pony mare,highlighting the hybrid vigor of the two breeds,thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the size of ponies.

石油加工分子管理平台构建

在最大化利用石油资源及石油炼制向生产精细化工品侧重的趋势下,从分子层次实现对石油加工过程中的原料组成、相行为及转化过程的模拟化,已成为石油化工领域学术界和工业界的关注热点,并由此形成了石油加工"分子管理"这一研究方向.本文阐述了分子管理技术的内涵及其研究范畴,介绍了分子管理技术主要的内容及应用方向.重点介绍了本课题组开发的分子管理软件平台的基础框架、模块构成及所实现的功能,包括分子的数学化表达、性质计算、组成模型生成、反应网络构建及反应动力学模型生成等功能,覆盖了分子管理研究的完整链条.