The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has boosted the development of antiviral research.Microfluidic technologies offer powerful platforms for diagnosis and drug discovery for severe acute respirator...The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has boosted the development of antiviral research.Microfluidic technologies offer powerful platforms for diagnosis and drug discovery for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis and drug discovery.In this review,we introduce the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and the basic knowledge of microfluidic design.We discuss the application of microfluidic devices in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis based on detecting viral nucleic acid,antibodies,and antigens.We highlight the contribution of lab-on-a-chip to manufacturing point-ofcare equipment of accurate,sensitive,low-cost,and user-friendly virus-detection devices.We then investigate the efforts in organ-on-a-chip and lipid nanoparticles(LNPs) synthesizing chips in antiviral drug screening and mRNA vaccine preparation.Microfluidic technologies contribute to the ongoing SARSCoV-2 research efforts and provide tools for future viral outbreaks.展开更多
Stimulator of interferon genes(STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which is regarded as a potential target for antitumor immunotherapy. However, clinical trials of STING agonists display limited anti-tumor effects and do...Stimulator of interferon genes(STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which is regarded as a potential target for antitumor immunotherapy. However, clinical trials of STING agonists display limited anti-tumor effects and dose-dependent side-effects like inflammatory damage and cell toxicity. Here,we showed that tetrahedral DNA nanostructures(TDNs) actively enter macrophages to promote STING activation and M1 polarization in a size-dependent manner, and synergized with Mn^(2+) to enhance the expressions of IFN-β and iNOS, as well as the co-stimulatory molecules for antigen presentation. Moreover, to reduce the cytotoxicity of Mn^(2+),we constructed a TDN-MnO_(2) complex and found that it displayed a much higher efficacy than TDN plus Mn^(2+) to initiate macrophage activation and anti-tumor response both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our studies explored a novel immune activation effect of TDN in cancer therapy and its synergistic therapeutic outcomes with MnO_(2).These findings provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072087,31970893,32270976)funding by Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(202206010087,China)。
文摘The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has boosted the development of antiviral research.Microfluidic technologies offer powerful platforms for diagnosis and drug discovery for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis and drug discovery.In this review,we introduce the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and the basic knowledge of microfluidic design.We discuss the application of microfluidic devices in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis based on detecting viral nucleic acid,antibodies,and antigens.We highlight the contribution of lab-on-a-chip to manufacturing point-ofcare equipment of accurate,sensitive,low-cost,and user-friendly virus-detection devices.We then investigate the efforts in organ-on-a-chip and lipid nanoparticles(LNPs) synthesizing chips in antiviral drug screening and mRNA vaccine preparation.Microfluidic technologies contribute to the ongoing SARSCoV-2 research efforts and provide tools for future viral outbreaks.
基金supported by grants:National Natural Science Foundation of China (82072087,31670880 and 31970893,China)Guangdong Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (2017A030306016 and 2016A030306004,China)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (19ykzd39,China)Open project of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery (Sun Yat-sen University,China)。
文摘Stimulator of interferon genes(STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which is regarded as a potential target for antitumor immunotherapy. However, clinical trials of STING agonists display limited anti-tumor effects and dose-dependent side-effects like inflammatory damage and cell toxicity. Here,we showed that tetrahedral DNA nanostructures(TDNs) actively enter macrophages to promote STING activation and M1 polarization in a size-dependent manner, and synergized with Mn^(2+) to enhance the expressions of IFN-β and iNOS, as well as the co-stimulatory molecules for antigen presentation. Moreover, to reduce the cytotoxicity of Mn^(2+),we constructed a TDN-MnO_(2) complex and found that it displayed a much higher efficacy than TDN plus Mn^(2+) to initiate macrophage activation and anti-tumor response both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our studies explored a novel immune activation effect of TDN in cancer therapy and its synergistic therapeutic outcomes with MnO_(2).These findings provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy.
