Efficient light-driven reductive amination of furfural to furfurylamine over ruthenium-cluster catalyst

Selective reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with high activity is very essential for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry,but scarcely successful paradigm was reported via efficient photocatalytic reactions.Herein,the ultrasmall Ru nanoclusters(~0.9 nm)were successfully fabricated over P25 support with positive charged Ru^(δ+)species at the interface.A new route was developed to achieve the furfural(FAL)to furfurylamine(FAM)by coupling the light-driven reductive amination and hydrogen transfer of ethanol over this type catalyst.Strikingly,the photocatalytic activity and selectivity are strongly dependent on the particle size and electronic structure of Ruthenium.The Ru^(δ+)species at the interface promote the formation of active imine intermediates;moreover,the Ru nanoclusters facilitate the separation efficiency of electrons and holes as well as accelerate the further hydrogenation of imine intermediates to product primary amines.In contrast Ru particles in larger nanometer size facilitate the formation of the furfuryl alcohol and excessive hydrogenation products.In addition,the coupling byproducts can be effectively inhibited via the construction of sub-nanocluster.This study offers a new path to produce the primary amines from biomass-derived carbonyl compounds over hybrid semiconductor/metal-clusters photocatalyst via light-driven tandem catalytic process.

Systematic analysis of DNA polymerases as therapeutic targets in pan-cancers

Introduction:DNA polymerases are crucial for maintaining genome stability and influencing tumorigenesis.However,the clinical implications of DNA polymerases in tumorigenesis and their potential as anti-cancer therapy targets are not well understood.Methods:We conducted a systematic analysis using TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas data and Gene Set Cancer Analysis results to examine the expression profiles of 15 DNA polymerases(POLYs)and their clinical correlations.We also evaluated the prognostic value of POLYs by analyzing their expression levels in relation to overall survival time(OS)using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Additionally,we investigated the correlations between POLY expression and immune cells,DNA damage repair(DDR)pathways,and ubiquitination.Drug sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the relationship between POLY expression and drug response.Results:Our analysis revealed that 14 out of 15 POLYs exhibited significantly distinct expression patterns between tumor and normal samples across most cancer types,except for DNA nucleotidylexotransferase(DNTT).Specifically,POLD1 and POLE showed elevated expression in almost all cancers,while POLQ exhibited high expression levels in all cancer types.Some POLYs showed heightened expression in specific cancer subtypes,while others exhibited low expression.Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated significant prognostic value of POLYs in multiple cancers,including PAAD,KIRC,and ACC.Cox analysis further validated these findings.Alteration patterns of POLYs varied significantly among different cancer types and were associated with poorer survival outcomes.Significant correlations were observed between the expression of POLY members and immune cells,DDR pathways,and ubiquitination.Drug sensitivity analysis indicated an inverse relationship between POLY expression and drug response.Conclusion:Our comprehensive study highlights the significant role of POLYs in cancer development and identifies them as promising prognostic and immunological biomarkers for various cancer types.Additionally,targeting POLYs therapeutically holds promise for tumor immunotherapy.

Ferroptosis-based nano delivery systems targeted therapy for colorectal cancer:Insights and future perspectives

There are limited options for patients who develop liver metastasis from colorectal cancer(CRC),the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.Emerging evidence has provided insights into iron deficiency and excess in CRC.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death characterized by aberrant iron and lipid metabolism,which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis,tumor progression,and treatment options.A better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of ferroptosis has shed light on the current findings of ferroptosis-based nanodrug targeting strategies,such as driving ferroptosis in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment,emerging combination therapy and against multidrug resistance.Furthermore,this review highlights the challenge and perspective of a ferroptosis-driven nanodrug delivery system for CRC-targeted therapy.

Joint Bearing Mechanism of Coal Pillar and Backfilling Body in Roadway Backfilling Mining Technology

In the traditional mining technology,the coal resources trapped beneath surface buildings,railways,and water bodies cannot be mined massively,thereby causing the lower coal recovery and dynamic disasters.In order to solve the aforementioned problems,the roadway backfilling mining technology is developed and the joint bearing mechanism of coal pillar and backfilling body is presented in this paper.The mechanical model of bearing system of coal pillar and backfilling body is established,by analyzing the basic characteristics of overlying strata deformation in roadway backfilling mining technology.According to the Ritz method in energy variation principle,the elastic solution expression of coal pillar deformation is deduced in roadway backfilling mining technology.Based on elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle,combining with the burgers rheological constitutive model and Laplace transform theory,the viscoelastic solution expression of coal pillar deformation is obtained in roadway backfilling mining technology.By analyzing the compressive mechanical property of backfilling body,the time formula required for coal pillar and backfilling body to play the joint bearing function in roadway backfilling mining technology is obtained.The example analysis indicates that the time is 140 days.The results can be treated as an important basis for theoretical research and process design in roadway backfilling mining technology.

Kinetics Modeling of Calcium Formate Synthesis by Calcium Hydroxide Carbonylation

The synthesis of calcium formate by Ca(OH)_2 carbonylation was studied in a semi-batch stirred tank.The reaction mechanism was analyzed theoretically and the rate of each step was compared.The influence ofreaction conditions on the formation of calcium formate was investigated.The results indicate that the rate-controlling step is the reaction between dissolved CO and dissolved Ca(OH)_2,and the gaseous diffusion resistance can be eliminated when the stirring speed reached 1000 r/min.Furthermore,the reaction kinetics was studied at a stirring speed of 1000 r/min,temperature of 423–453 K,pressure of 2.0–3.5 MPa and different initial concentrations of Ca(OH)_2.An effective method was proposed to measure the reaction rate of CO.A mathematical model was developed using the dual-film theory,and the parameters were obtained using regression of experimental data.The reaction rates calculated using the kinetics model were compared with experimental data.The results show that the deviations are within ±10%,proving that the established model is valid and can provide a basis for industrial amplification.

Consensus on potential biomarkers developed for use in clinical tests for schizophrenia

Background Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness affecting approximately 20 million individuals globally.Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the illness.If left undiagnosed and untreated,schizophrenia results in impaired social function,repeated hospital admissions,reduced quality of life and decreased life expectancy.Clinical diagnosis largely relies on subjective evidence,including self-reported experiences,and reported behavioural abnormalities followed by psychiatric evaluation.In addition,psychoses may occur along with other conditions,and the symptoms are often episodic and transient,posing a significant challenge to the precision of diagnosis.Therefore,objective,specific tests using biomarkers are urgently needed for differential diagnosis of schizophrenia in clinical practice.Aims We aimed to provide evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations,with a summary of laboratory measurements that could potentially be used as biomarkers for schizophrenia,and to discuss directions for future research.Methods We searched publications within the last 10 years with the following keywords:‘schizophrenia’,‘gene’,‘inflammation’,‘neurotransmitter’,‘protein marker’,‘gut microbiota’,‘pharmacogenomics’and‘biomarker’.A draft of the consensus was discussed and agreed on by all authors at a round table session.Results We summarised the characteristics of candidate diagnostic markers for schizophrenia,including genetic,inflammatory,neurotransmitter,peripheral protein,pharmacogenomic and gut microbiota markers.We also proposed a novel laboratory process for diagnosing schizophrenia in clinical practice based on the evidence summarised in this paper.Conclusions Further efforts are needed to identify schizophrenia-specific genetic and epigenetic markers for precise diagnosis,differential diagnosis and ethnicity-specific markers for the Chinese population.The development of novel laboratory techniques is making it possible to use these biomarkers clinically to diagnose disease.

Research on Instability Mechanism and Type of Ore Pillar Based on the Fold Catastrophe Theory

The stability of ore pillar in mine is essential for the safe and efficient mining.Based on the energy evolvement rule in ore pillar and roadway roof system,the roadway roof and ore pillar are treated as energy release body and energy dissipation body,respectively.Therefore,the double-block mechanical model is established with energy dissipation body and energy release body,and the energy mechanism of ore pillar instability is obtained,based on the fold catastrophe mathematical theory.The research result indicates that the dynamic instability of ore pillar is a physical instability problem caused by the strain softening property of ore mass,and the instability type of ore pillar is determined by the stiffness parameter of double-block mechanical system.When the systematical stiffness parameter is greater than or equal to 1,the equilibrium position of double-block mechanical system passes through shaft K-1 or the origin,from branch 1 of unstable equilibrium state to branch 2 of stable equilibrium state by smooth transition,and the ore pillar shows quasi-static fracture.When the systematical stiffness parameter is less than 1,the equilibrium position of double-block system mutates from branch 1 of unstable equilibrium state to branch 2 of stable equilibrium state by jumping transition,and the ore pillar shows dynamic instability.The research result could provide theoretical guidance for the prevention measures of ore pillar instability.

Research on Thermal Management Control Strategy of Electric Vehicle Liquid Cooling Battery Pack

Due to the risk of thermal runaway in the charging and discharging process of a soft packed lithium battery pack for electric vehicles,a stamping channel liquid cooling plate cooling system is designed,and then the heat dissipation problem of the battery pack is solved through reasonable thermal management control strategy.Using computational fluid dynamics simulation software star-CCM+,the thermal management control strategy is optimized through simulation technology,and the temperature field distribution of battery pack is obtained.Finally,an experimental platform is built,combined with experiments,the effectiveness of the thermal management control strategy of the cooling system is verified.The results show that when the battery pack is in the environment of 25℃,the maximum temperature of the cooling system can be lower than 40℃,the maximum temperature difference between all single batteries is within 5℃,and the maximum temperature difference between inlet and outlet coolant is 3℃,which can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack and prevent out of control heat generation.

Numerical Simulation of Thermal Management of Lithium Battery Based on Air Cooled Heat Dissipation

In recent years,due to the rapid increase in the number of vehicles in the world,the traditional vehicles using gasoline or diesel as energy have led to serious air pollution and energy depletion.It is urgent to develop practical clean energy vehicles.The performance of electric vehicle depends on the power battery pack.The working temperature of the battery pack has a great impact on the performance of the battery,so it is necessary to carry out thermal management on the battery pack.Taking a lithium-ion battery as the research object,the temperature field of the battery pack in the charge and discharge state is simulated and analyzed by using CFD simulation software in the way of air cooled heat dissipation,so as to understand the influencing factors of uneven temperature field.At the same time,the development trend of battery temperature can be well predicted through simulation,so as to provide theoretical basis for the design of battery pack.

藏药白脉软膏治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效与安全性:一项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验方案

目的:评价白脉软膏在腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar disc herniation)患者中的疗效与安全性。方法:本研究设计了一项前瞻、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的多中心临床试验方案。计划招募194例患者,按1:1的比例平均分配至试验组和对照组。患者将接受为期14天的白脉软膏或安慰剂的干预,随后进行为期1周的随访。通过视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale score)评估疼痛程度,日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(Japanese Orthopedic Association score)评估功能状态,Likert量表将用于评估麻木程度,此外还将记录应急处理的使用和对健康教育的依从情况。安全性评估将包括实验室检查和不良事件记录。讨论:这项试验将首次对白脉软膏在腰椎间盘突出症患者中进行临床疗效和安全性评价。使用安慰剂的优势在于排除因盲法不充分而导致的偏倚。为了避免由研究对象和研究者的主观因素引起的任何偏倚,对于结局评价者、数据管理人员、统计分析人员以及所有相关研究人员都将实施盲法。本试验结果将为腰椎间盘突出症的治疗以及白脉软膏的未来研究方向提供重要依据。

面向创新实践能力培养的仪器分析四轮融合教学创新

新工科背景下,创新实践能力的培养已经成为高校人才培养工作的重点。仪器分析作为科学研究的眼睛,内容涉及诸多领域,体现多学科交叉的全局思想观和方法论,对人才创新实践能力培养具有重要作用。针对仪器分析课程教学凸显的诸多痛点问题,课程组坚持“以生为本,立德树人,思创融合,知行合一”的教改理念,构建了以学生创新实践能力塑造为导向的课程教学目标和三维评价体系,采用显性知识与隐性价值观相融合、线上与线下相融合、问题驱动与可视化教学相融合、理论学习与研究实践相融合的四轮融合教学模式创新实践。实践证明,新的教学模式极大地激发了学生的学习兴趣和求知欲望,在课程成绩大幅提高的同时,学生的综合创新实践能力也得到了很好的塑造。

中国小微经营者典型事实

小微企业是中国经济的毛细血管、就业的蓄水池,也是推动中国经济高质量发展的重要力量。然而,已有关注小微企业的调查数据极为有限。面对这一状况,北京大学企业大数据研究中心、北京大学中国社会科学调查中心和蚂蚁集团研究院自2020年第三季度起每个季度开展中国小微经营者调查(Online Survey of Micro-and-small Enterprises,简称OSOME),全面收集包括企业基本信息、经营状况、融资状况、政策覆盖状况、数字化转型以及对未来的信心等多方面的数据。基于上述调研数据,本文描绘了中国小微经营者的画像与生存现状,并构建了中国小微经营者信心指数。OSOME数据显示了小微经营者在以下五个方面的典型事实:第一,中国存在大量以糊口型为主的未注册个体户;第二,近几年小微经营者面临的生存压力主要来自经营成本上升和市场需求疲软;第三,相比大中型企业,小微经营者更加依赖线上融资,线上申请和获得贷款的比例是线下的2倍以上;第四,小微经营者享受减税降费等助企纾困政策比例较低;第五,小微经营者正在加快数字化转型进程。OSOME调查不仅能刻画个体户的经营情况,对已有企业调查形成有效补充,同时还能通过持续的季度数据收集和分析为决策者更好地促进小微企业良性发展提供实证依据。

Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic anticancer effect of ferroptosis and photodynamic therapy:Novel insights and perspectives

Current antitumor monotherapy has many limitations,highlighting the need for novel synergistic anticancer strategies.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death that plays a pivotal regulatory role in tumorigenesis and treatment.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)causes irreversible chemical damage to target lesions and is widely used in antitumor therapy.However,PDT’s effectiveness is usually hindered by several obstacles,such as hypoxia,excess glutathione(GSH),and tumor resistance.Ferroptosis improves the anticancer efficacy of PDT by increasing oxygen and reactive oxygen species(ROS)or reducing GSH levels,and PDT also enhances ferroptosis induction due to the ROS effect in the tumor microenvironment(TME).Strategies based on nanoparticles(NPs)can subtly exploit the potential synergy of ferroptosis and PDT.This review explores recent advances and current challenges in the landscape of the underlyingmechanisms regulating ferroptosis and PDT,as well as nano delivery system-mediated synergistic anticancer activity.These include polymers,biomimetic materials,metal organic frameworks(MOFs),inorganics,and carrier-free NPs.Finally,we highlight future perspectives of this novel emerging paradigm in targeted cancer therapies.

胸腔镜肺叶切除术中转开胸83例原因分析:单手术组连续1,350例手术总结

背景与目的电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracic surgery, VATS)为肺癌治疗的主流术式,本研究旨在分析单手术组连续VATS肺叶切除术1,350例中转开胸83例的中转原因,以期对常态下胸腔镜肺叶切除术中转开胸的规律有更深层次的认识,并更好地把握中转开胸的手术时机。方法回顾性分析2009年9月21日-2020年6月1日河北医科大学第四医院胸外科单手术组连续行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的1,350例患者资料。其中男性773例,女性577例,年龄8岁-87岁,中位年龄61.3岁。全组良性疾病83例,肺转移瘤38例,原发性肺癌1,229例,其中I期:676例,II期:323例,IIIa期:230例。全组行左肺上叶切除术301例(22.30%),左肺下叶切除术231例(17.11%),右肺上叶切除术378例(28.00%),右肺中叶切除术119例(8.81%),右肺下叶切除术262例(19.41%),右肺中上叶切除术16例(1.19%),右肺中下叶切除术43例(3.19%)。结果单手术组连续1,350例胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者中有83例(6.15%)因不同原因中转开胸。良性病变的中转开胸率高于恶性肿瘤(P<0.05);病理分期为IIIa期的中转开胸率明显高于I期、II期患者(P<0.05)。联合肺叶切除术的中转开胸率明显高于单肺叶切除术(P=0.001);左肺上叶切除术的中转开胸率显著高于其他单肺叶切除术(P<0.001);右肺中叶切除术的中转开胸率低于其他单肺叶切除术(P=0.049)。中转开胸主要原因为血管损伤(38.55%)、淋巴结干扰(26.51%)、胸腔致密粘连(16.87%);中转开胸组总体手术时间为(236.99±66.50)min,总体失血量(395.85±306.38)m L。其中淋巴结干扰组患者手术时间(322.50±22.68)min,长于其他原因中转开胸组(P<0.05);血管损伤组术中出血量(560.94±361.84)m L,多于其他原因中转开胸组(P<0.05);随着时间的推移以及经验的积累,在手术前、中、后期血管损伤例数逐步下降(P<0.05)。结论在胸腔镜手术中,肺部良性病变和较晚期恶性肿瘤有较高的手术难度和中转率。不同肺叶切除术中转开胸率不同,左肺上叶切除术中转率较高,而右肺中叶切除术中转率较低。血管损伤、淋巴结干扰、胸腔致密粘连仍是常态下胸腔镜肺叶切除术中转开胸的主要原因。中转开胸会导致手术时间延长和手术出血量增加。随着手术例数的增加,胸腔镜肺叶切除术中转开胸率有持续下降趋势,其主要原因是肺血管的处理更加成熟。

GPER1在EGFR突变的肺腺癌中的表达

目的:探讨肺腺癌中表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)与G蛋白偶联雌激素受体1(G-protein cou⁃pled estrogen receptor 1,GPER1)/GPR30之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法检测83例术后肺腺癌组织样本中GPER1的表达,同时收集患者的临床病理资料,采用二代基因测序方法检测相应组织中EGFR基因突变状态,并分析GPER1与EGFR之间的相关性,Western blot检测EGFR野生型肺腺癌细胞A549,EGFR突变型肺腺癌细胞PC-9以及使用吉非替尼处理的PC-9细胞的GPER1表达水平。结果:GPER1的阳性表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、吸烟、分化程度无显著性差异(均P>0.05);EGFR突变与肿瘤TNM分期无显著性差异(P=0.542);GPER1阳性表达与EGFR突变呈正相关(P=0.003);GPER1在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肺腺癌中较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高表达(P=0.008);在PC-9细胞中使用吉非替尼抑制EGFR活性引起GPER1表达下调。结论:GPER1在EGFR基因突变型的肺腺癌中的表达高于EGFR野生型肺腺癌,GPER1的表达可能受EGFR活性调控。

Cobalt catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis： The effect of support,precipitant and pH value

In this report,Co-based catalysts supported on ZnO,Al_2O_3 and ZrO_2 as well as the ZrO_2 derived from different precipitants and different pH values were prepared by co-precipitation method.Their catalytic Fischer–Tropsch synthesis(FTS)performance was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor.The results revealed that Co catalyst supported on ZrO_2 exhibited better FTS catalytic performance than that supported on ZnO or Al_2O_3.For the Co/ZrO_2catalyst,different precipitants showed the following an activity order of NaOH>Na_2CO_3>NH_4OH,and the best pH value is 13.The catalysts were characterized by N_2adsorption–desorption,XRF,XRD,H_2-TPR,H_2-TPD and TEM.It was found that the main factor affecting the CO conversion of the catalyst was the amounts of low-temperature active adsorption sites.Moreover,the selectivity of C_5^+hydrocarbons had a positive relationship with the peak temperature of the weak hydrogen adsorption sites.The higher the peak temperature,the higher the C_5^+selectivity is.

粉末老化对选择性激光烧结尼龙2200拉伸性能的影响

选择性激光烧结能直接制造复杂工件,工艺已日趋成熟。PA12尼龙粉末是这一工艺常用的材料。成形过程中,大量粉末材料并没有被烧结,这部分粉末的回用对降低成本有重要意义。然而,未烧结粉末在过程中受高温老化,老化粉末的回用对成形件性能的影响尚不明确。使用EOS P110选择性激光3D打印系统和PA2200尼龙粉末,通过多次粉末回用系统考察了选择性激光烧结条件下粉末老化对成形件拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,随着回用次数的增加,粉末逐渐老化,分子结合力增强,熔点升高,流动性下降,成形件中未熔颗粒逐渐增加。新粉成形件的拉伸强度为41.5 MPa,粉末1次回用时增加到49.0 MPa,而后逐渐减小到7次回用时的37.1 MPa;而延伸率则从新粉成形件的20.5%依次减少到7次回用粉成形件的6.7%。

High CO methanation activity on zirconia-supported molybdenum sulfide catalyst

In this study, different methods were used to prepare MoO3/ZrO2 catalysts for sulfur resistant methanation reaction. It was found that MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst prepared by one-step co-precipitation method achieved high methanation performance. CO conversion could reach up to 90% on 25 wt% MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst, much higher than that on the conventional 25 wt% MoO3/Al2O3 catalyst. The Mo-based catalysts were characterized by XRF, XRD, Raman, BET, TEM and H2-TPR etc. It was found that MoO3 particles were highly dispersed on ZrO2 support for 25 wt% MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst prepared at 65-85℃ because of its relatively larger pore size, which contributed to a high CO conversion. Meanwhile, when MoO3 loading exceeded the monolayer coverage, the formed crystalline MoO3 and ZrM020g might block the micropores of the catalyst and make the methanation activity declined. These results are useful for preparing highly efficient catalyst for CO methanation process.

Experimental study on the flow behaviour of water-sand mixtures in fractured rock specimens

The study of flow behaviour of water-sand mixtures in fractured rocks is of great necessity to understand the producing mechanism and prevention of water inrush and sand gushing accidents.A self-developed seepage test system is used in this paper to conduct laboratory experiments in order to study the influence of the particle size distribution,the void ratio,and the initial mass of Aeolian sand on the flow behavior.It is concluded that the water flow velocity is insensitive to the initial mass of the Aeolian sand but increases with the power exponent in the Talbot formula and the specimen height.The outflow of the Aeolian sand increases with the power exponent in the Talbot formula,the specimen height,and the initial mass of the Aeolian sand.Besides,the outflow of the Aeolian sand changes exponentially with the water flow velocity.Finally,it is found that the fractured specimen has a maximum sand filtration capacity beyond which the outflow of the Aeolian sand significantly increases with the initial mass of the Aeolian sand.

Effect of composite supports on the methanation activity of Co-Mo-based sulphur-resistant catalysts

The effects of composite supports of CeO2-Al2O3, MgO-Al2O3, TiO2-Al2O3 or ZrO2-Al2O3 on the methanation activity of supported Co-Mo-based sulphur-resistant catalysts were investigated. The catalysts were further characterized by nitrogen adsorption measurement, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The catalyst of 5%CoO-15%MoO3 supported on CeO2-Al2O3, MgO-Al2O3, TiO2-Al2O3 or ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxides, respectively, showed different catalytic performances of syngas methanation in the presence of hydrogen sulphide as compared with that of the 5%CoO-15%MoO3/Al2O3 catalyst. The Co-Mo/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst shows the highest methanation activity among the tested catalysts. The enhanced methanation activity may be attributed to the improvement of the dispersion of active metal species and the inhibition of the formation of S6＋.